Editing Textile (section)

== Testing of textiles ==
Testing occurs at various stages of the textile manufacturing process, from raw material to finished product. The purpose of testing is to evaluate and analyze the regulatory compliance, the product's quality and performance, as well as to measure its specifications. Textile testing encompasses a wide range of methodologies, procedures, equipment, and sophisticated [[Laboratory|laboratories]]. Local governments and authorized organization's such as [[ASTM International]], [[International Organization for Standardization]], and [[American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists]] establish standards for testing of textiles.<ref name="Saville-1999">{{Cite book |last=Saville |first=B. P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4-uiAgAAQBAJ&q=testing+of+textiles |title=Physical Testing of Textiles |date=8 January 1999 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-1-84569-015-1 |pages=1 to 24 |language=en |access-date=2022-05-27 |archive-date=2023-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409133727/https://books.google.com/books?id=4-uiAgAAQBAJ&q=testing+of+textiles |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Hu-2008">{{Cite book |last=Hu |first=J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ybekAgAAQBAJ&q=testing+of+textiles |title=Fabric Testing |date=9 September 2008 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-1-84569-506-4 |pages=1 to 15 |language=en |access-date=2022-05-27 |archive-date=2023-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405081538/https://books.google.com/books?id=ybekAgAAQBAJ&q=testing+of+textiles |url-status=live }}</ref>

Some examples of tests at different stages:

For fiber: Fiber identification is a necessary test for determining fiber content and classifying products. The labelling of items with their fiber content percentage is a regulatory requirement. Using [[Microscope|microscopy]], solubility, and burn tests, fibers are distinguished from one another.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kadolph |first=Sara J. |url=http://archive.org/details/textiles0010kado |title=Textiles |date=2007 |location=Upper Saddle River, N.J. |publisher= Pearson Prentice Hall |isbn=978-0-13-118769-6 |pages=33, 34}}</ref> More fiber relating tests include fiber length, diameter, [[Cotton maturity|Micronaire]].<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1533/9781845690151.44 |chapter=Fibre dimensions |title=Physical Testing of Textiles |date=1999 |last1=Saville |first1=B.P. |pages=44–76 |isbn=978-1-85573-367-1 }}</ref>

For yarn: [[Units of textile measurement#Linear density|Yarn count]], [[Units of textile measurement#Denier|Denier]], Strength, evenness.

For fabric: [[Dimensional stability (fabric)|Dimensional stability]], [[Colour fastness|color fastness]], [[Units of textile measurement#Thread count|thread count]], [[Units of textile measurement#Grams per square metre (GSM)|G.S.M]], [[Pill (textile)|pilling]], [[Combustibility and flammability|flammability]].<ref name="Saville-1999" /><ref name="Hu-2008" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Houck |first=M. M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xQmkAgAAQBAJ |title=Identification of Textile Fibers |date=30 January 2009 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-1-84569-565-1 |language=en |access-date=2022-05-27 |archive-date=2023-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305221621/https://books.google.com/books?id=xQmkAgAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>