Editing Neoliberalism (section)

=== Political opposition ===
{{See also|Anti-neoliberalism}}
In political science, disillusionment with neoliberalism is seen as a cause of de-[[politicization]] and the growth of anti-political sentiment, which can in turn encourage [[populist]] politics and re-politicization.<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Fawcett |editor1-first=Paul |editor2-last=Flinders |editor2-first=Matthew |editor3-last=Hay |editor3-first=Colin |editor4-last=Wood |editor4-first=Matthew |title=Anti-Politics, Depoliticization, and Governance |date=2017 |volume=1 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |pages=3–9 |isbn=978-0-19-874897-7 |doi=10.1093/oso/9780198748977.001.0001}}</ref>

Instances of political opposition to neoliberalism from the late 1990s onward include:
* Research by [[Kristen Ghodsee]], ethnographer and Professor of Russian and East European Studies at the [[University of Pennsylvania]], argues that widespread discontent with neoliberal capitalism has led to a "[[Communist nostalgia|red nostalgia]]" in much of the former Communist bloc. She argues that "the political freedoms that came with democracy were packaged with the worst type of unregulated, free-market capitalism, which completely destabilized the rhythms of everyday life and brought crime, corruption and chaos where there had once been comfortable predictability",<ref name="Wamc.org"/> which ultimately fueled a resurgence of extremist [[nationalism]].<ref name="Ghodsee2017"/>
* In Latin America, the "[[pink tide]]" that swept leftist governments into power at the turn of the millennium can be seen as a reaction against neoliberal hegemony and the notion that "[[there is no alternative]]" (TINA) to the [[Washington Consensus]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Neoliberal Hegemony and the Pink Tide in Latin America: Breaking Up With TINA? (International Political Economy Series) |last=Chodor |first=Tom |year=2014 |isbn=978-1137444677 |url=http://www.palgrave.com/page/detail/neoliberal-hegemony-and-the-pink-tide-in-latin-america-tom-chodor/?K=9781137444677 |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |access-date=November 23, 2014 |archive-date=September 30, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930102542/http://www.palgrave.com/page/detail/neoliberal-hegemony-and-the-pink-tide-in-latin-america-tom-chodor/?K=9781137444677 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* In protest against neoliberal globalization, South Korean farmer and former president of the Korean Advanced Farmers Federation [[Lee Kyung-hae]] committed suicide by stabbing himself in the heart during a meeting of the [[World Trade Organization]] in Cancun, Mexico, in 2003.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IR9woMrfFs4C&pg=PA147 |title=The Rhetoric of Food: Discourse, Materiality, and Power |date=2013 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0415727563 |editor1-last=Frye |editor1-first=Joshua |page=147 |editor2-last=Bruner |editor2-first=Michael |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> He was protesting against the decision of the South Korean government to reduce subsidies to farmers.{{sfnp|Jones|Parker|Bos|2005|p=96}}
*The rise of anti-austerity parties in Europe and [[SYRIZA]]'s victory in the [[Greek legislative election, January 2015|Greek legislative elections of January 2015]] have some proclaiming "the end of neoliberalism".<ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Mason |date=25 January 2015 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/25/greece-shows-what-can-happen-when-young-revolt-against-corrupt-elites |title=Greece shows what can happen when the young revolt against corrupt elites |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=25 January 2015}}</ref>
*In the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 U.S. presidential election]], both [[Donald Trump]] from the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] and [[Bernie Sanders]] from the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] ran on platforms opposing neoliberalism, including opposition to the [[Trans Pacific Partnership]] and [[offshoring]].<ref name="Revolt of the Rust Belt"/>{{sfn|Gerstle|2022|p=}}{{page needed|date=December 2023}}<ref name="Hopkin2020"/>
*In 2018, the [[yellow vests protests]] in France and the [[2019–2021 Chilean protests]] emerged in direct opposition to neoliberal governments and policies, including [[privatization]] and [[austerity]], that were blamed for the rising [[cost of living]], surging personal debts, and increased [[economic inequality]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Haskins
|first=Caroline|date=December 14, 2018 |title=The Paris 'Yellow Vest' Protests Show the Flaws of Capitalism |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-paris-yellow-vest-protests-show-the-flaws-of-capitalism/ |work=[[Vice Media|Vice]] |access-date=November 3, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/10/21/chile-protests-santiago-dead-state-emergency/ |title='We are at war': 8 dead in Chile's violent protests over social inequality |date=October 21, 2019 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=November 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024130721/https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/10/21/chile-protests-santiago-dead-state-emergency/ |archive-date=October 24, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2019, protests against neoliberal reforms, policies and governments have taken place in scores of countries on 5 continents, with opposition to austerity, privatization and tax hikes on the working classes being a common theme among many of them.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ehrenreich |first=Ben |date=November 25, 2019 |title=Welcome to the Global Rebellion Against Neoliberalism |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/global-rebellions-inequality/ |work=[[The Nation]] |access-date=November 29, 2019 |author-link=Ben Ehrenreich}}</ref> 
* During the [[2021 Chilean general election]], president-elect [[Gabriel Boric]] promised to end the country's neoliberal economic model, stating that "if Chile was the cradle of neoliberalism, it will also be its grave."<ref>{{cite news |last=Cambero |first=Fabian |date=December 20, 2021 |title=Student protest leader to president-elect: Gabriel Boric caps rise of Chile's left |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/student-protest-leader-president-elect-gabriel-boric-caps-rise-chiles-left-2021-12-20/ |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=December 21, 2021}}</ref>