Editing Epilepsy (section)

=== Mechanistic modeling and alternative pathways ===
Mathematical and [[Computational models in epilepsy|computational models]] are increasingly used to simulate the neural dynamics underlying seizures. Reductionist models such as the Epileptor use ordinary differential equations to replicate interictal and ictal discharges observed in experimental data.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jirsa |first1=Viktor K. |last2=Stacey |first2=William C. |last3=Quilichini |first3=Pascale P. |last4=Ivanov |first4=Anton I. |last5=Bernard |first5=Christophe |date=August 2014 |title=On the nature of seizure dynamics |journal=Brain |language=en |volume=137 |issue=8 |pages=2210–2230 |doi=10.1093/brain/awu133 |issn=1460-2156 |pmc=4107736 |pmid=24919973}}</ref> More detailed versions, including the Epileptor-2, incorporate physiological variables such as ion concentrations and synaptic resource availability.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chizhov |first1=Anton V. |last2=Zefirov |first2=Artyom V. |last3=Amakhin |first3=Dmitry V. |last4=Smirnova |first4=Elena Yu |last5=Zaitsev |first5=Aleksey V. |date=2018-05-31 |title=Minimal model of interictal and ictal discharges "Epileptor-2" |journal=PLOS Computational Biology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=e1006186 |bibcode=2018PLSCB..14E6186C |doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006186 |issn=1553-7358 |pmc=6005638 |pmid=29851959 |doi-access=free}}</ref> These models suggest that fluctuations in extracellular potassium and intracellular sodium levels may play a key role in the emergence and termination of seizures.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Epileptor-2 model |url=https://www.ioffe.ru/CompPhysLab/MyPrograms/Epileptor-2/Epileptor-2.html}}</ref>