Editing Zero-based numbering (section)

== Science ==
In [[mathematics]], many sequences of numbers or of [[polynomials]] are indexed by nonnegative integers, for example, the [[Bernoulli numbers]] and the [[Bell numbers]].

In both [[mechanics]] and [[statistics]], the zeroth [[moment (mathematics)|moment]] is defined, representing total mass in the case of physical [[density]], or total probability, i.e. one, for a [[probability distribution]].

The ''[[zeroth law of thermodynamics]]'' was formulated after the first, second, and third laws, but considered more fundamental, thus its name.

In biology, an organism is said to have zero-order intentionality if it shows "no intention of anything at all". This would include a situation where the organism's genetically predetermined phenotype results in a fitness benefit to itself, because it did not "intend" to express its genes.<ref name="Byrne, Richard W.">{{cite web |url=https://www.drmillslmu.com/Evolpsyc/FALL2001/Panel5.htm |title=The Thinking Ape: Evolutionary Origins of Intelligence |access-date=2010-05-18 |author=Byrne, Richard W.}}</ref> In the similar sense, a computer may be considered from this perspective a zero-order intentional entity, as it does not "intend" to express the code of the programs it runs.<ref name="Dunbar, Robin">{{cite web |url=https://www.uboeschenstein.ch/texte/dunbar43.html |title=The Human Story – A new history of mankind's Evolution |access-date=2010-05-18 |author=Dunbar, Robin}}</ref>

In biological or medical experiments, the first day of an experiment is often numbered as day 0.<ref>{{cite book|title=Modern Biology|first=Albert|last=Towle|publisher=Holt McDougal|year=1989|isbn=9780030139277|page=35}}</ref>

Patient zero (or [[index case]]) is the initial [[patient]] in the [[sample (statistics)|population sample]] of an [[epidemiology|epidemiological]] investigation.