Editing West Bank (section)

===Jordanian West Bank===
{{further|Jordanian annexation of the West Bank|King Hussein's federation plan|Islamization of Jerusalem|Palestinians in Jordan}}
[[File:King Hussein flying over Temple Mount when it was under Jordanian control.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|[[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussein]] flying over the [[Temple Mount]] in Jerusalem when it was under Jordanian control, 1965]]

During the 1948 war, Israel occupied parts of what was designated in the UN partition plan as "Palestine". The [[1949 Armistice Agreements]] defined the [[Green Line (Israel)|interim boundary]] between Israel and Jordan, essentially reflecting the battlefield after the war.<ref name="JordanIsraelArmistice1949">[https://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/F03D55E48F77AB698525643B00608D34 General Armistice Agreement between the Hashemite Jordan Kingdom and Israel] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514030830/http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/F03D55E48F77AB698525643B00608D34 |date=14 May 2011 }} UN Doc S/1302/Rev.1 3 April 1949</ref> Following the December 1948 [[Jericho Conference]], Transjordan annexed the area west of the Jordan River in 1950, naming it "West Bank" or "Cisjordan", and designated the area east of the river as "East Bank" or "Transjordan". Jordan, as it was now known, ruled over the West Bank from 1948 until 1967. Jordan's annexation was never formally recognized by the international community, with the exception of the United Kingdom and Iraq.<ref name="digicoll.library.wisc.edu">[[Joseph Massad]] said that the members of the Arab League granted de facto recognition and that the United States had formally recognized the annexation, except for Jerusalem. See Joseph A. Massad, Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan (New York: Columbia University Press, 2001),{{ISBN|978-0-231-12323-5}}, page 229. Records show that the United States de facto accepted the annexation without formally recognizing it. [http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&entity=FRUS.FRUS1950v05.p0943&id=FRUS.FRUS1950v05&isize=M United States Department of State / Foreign relations of the United States, 1950. The Near East, South Asia, and Africa] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514153358/http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&entity=FRUS.FRUS1950v05.p0943&id=FRUS.FRUS1950v05&isize=M |date=14 May 2011 }} pg. 921</ref><ref name=Silverburg>It is often stated that Pakistan recognized it as well, but that seems to be incorrect; see S. R. Silverburg, Pakistan and the West Bank: A research note, Middle Eastern Studies, 19:2 (1983) 261–263.</ref><ref>George Washington University. Law School (2005). The George Washington international law review. George Washington University. p. 390. Retrieved 21 December 2010. <q>Jordan's illegal occupation and Annexation of the West Bank</q></ref> [[Abdullah I of Jordan|King Abdullah of Jordan]] was crowned King of Jerusalem by the Coptic Bishop on 15 November 1948.<ref>Enrico Molinari,[https://books.google.com/books?id=hQaDrfuGw1YC&pg=PA92 ''The Holy Places of Jerusalem in Middle East Peace Agreements: The Conflict Between Global and State Identities,'']{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Sussex Academic Press, 2010 p.92.</ref> Palestinian Arabs in the West Bank, including [[East Jerusalem]], were granted Jordanian citizenship and half of the [[Parliament of Jordan|Jordanian Parliament]] seats, thus enjoying equal opportunities in all sectors of the state.<ref>[[Karen Armstrong|Armstrong, Karen]]. ''Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths''. New York: Ballantine Books, 1996. p. 387.</ref><ref name="jifa">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C9TkD3ugwEUC&pg=PA211LPG |title=Citizenship and the State in the Middle East: Approaches and Applications |access-date=18 October 2015 |author1=Nils August Butenschon |author2=Uri Davis |author3=Manuel Sarkis Hassassian |publisher=Syracuse University Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-8156-2829-3 |archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207212656/https://books.google.com/books?id=C9TkD3ugwEUC&pg=PA211lpg |url-status=live }}</ref>

Many refugees continued to live in camps and relied on [[UNRWA]] assistance for sustenance. Palestinian refugees constituted more than a third of the kingdom's population of 1.5&nbsp;million. The last Jordanian elections in which West Bank residents voted in were those of April 1967. Their parliamentary representatives continued in office until 1988, when West Bank seats were abolished. Palestinians enjoyed equal opportunities in all sectors of the state without discrimination.<ref name="jifa" /> Agriculture remained the primary activity of the territory. The West Bank, despite its smaller area, contained half of Jordan's agricultural land.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web |url=http://www.rviewer.com/main/articles/Chapter8.html |title=Assessing the Viability of a Palestinian State |author=Paul H. Smith |date=July 1993 |publisher=Defense Intelligence College |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021208052428/http://www.rviewer.com/main/articles/Chapter8.html |archive-date=8 December 2002}}</ref>

In 1966, 43% of the labor force of 55,000 worked in agriculture, and 2,300&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> were under cultivation. In 1965, 15,000 workers were employed in industry, producing 7% of the GNP. This number fell after the 1967 war and was not surpassed until 1983.<ref name="auto2"/> The [[tourism]] industry played an important role. 26 branches of 8 Arab banks were present. The [[Jordanian dinar]] became legal tender and remains so until today.{{citation needed|date=December 2012}} 80% of Jordan's fruit-growing land and 40% of its vegetables lay in the West Bank. With the onset of the occupation, the area could no longer produce export earnings.{{sfn|Cooley|1984|p=13}}

On the eve of occupation, the West Bank accounted for 40% of Jordanian GNP, between 34% and 40% of its agricultural output and almost half of its manpower, though only a third of Jordanian investment was allocated to it and mainly to the private housing construction sector.{{sfn|Mansour|2015|pp=73–74}} Even though its per-capita product was 10 times greater than that of the West Bank, the Israeli economy on the eve of occupation had experienced two years (1966–1967) of a sharp recession.{{sfn|Unctad|2016|p=5}}

Immediately after the occupation, from 1967 to 1974, the economy boomed. In 1967, the Palestinian economy had a gross domestic product of $1,349 per capita for a million people.{{sfn|Unctad|2016|p=5}} The West Bank's population was 585,500,{{efn|According to Mansour, the population stood at 803,600,{{sfn|Mansour|2015|p=71}}}} of whom 18% were refugees, and was growing annually by 2%. West Bank growth, compared to Gaza (3%), had lagged, due to the effect of mass emigration of West Bankers seeking employment in Jordan.{{sfn|Tuma|Darin-Drabkin|1978|pp=47,50}} As agriculture gave way to industrial development in Israel, in the West Bank the former still generated 37% of domestic product, and industry a mere 13%.{{sfn|Van Arkadie|1977|p=104}}

The growth rate of the West Bank economy in the period of the Jordanian rule of the West Bank, before Israeli occupation, had ticked along at an annual rate of 6–8%. This rate of growth was indispensable if the post-war West Bank were to achieve [[Self-sustainability|economic self-reliance]].