Editing Violence (section)

=== Collective ===
[[File:The Bochnia massacre German-occupied Poland 1939.jpg|thumb|right|[[Massacre]] of [[Polish people|Polish]] civilians during [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|Nazi Germany's occupation of Poland]], December 1939]]

<blockquote>Collective violence is the instrumental use of violence by people who identify themselves as members of a group – whether this group is transitory or has a more permanent identity – against another group or set of individuals in order
to achieve political, economic or social objectives.<ref name=WHO2014/>{{rp|p=82}}</blockquote>

Unlike the other two broad categories, the subcategories of collective violence suggest possible motives for violence committed by larger groups of individuals or by states. Collective violence that is committed to advance a particular social agenda includes, for example, crimes of hate committed by organized groups, terrorist acts and mob violence. [[Political violence]] includes war and related violent conflicts, state violence and similar acts carried out by armed groups. There may be multiple [[determinants of violence against civilians]] in such situations.<ref name="Balcells">{{cite journal |last1=Balcells |first1=Laia |last2=Stanton |first2=Jessica A. |title=Violence Against Civilians During Armed Conflict: Moving Beyond the Macro- and Micro-Level Divide |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |date=11 May 2021 |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=45–69 |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-102229 |doi-access=free}}</ref>  [[Economic violence]] includes attacks motivated by economic gain—such as attacks carried out with the purpose of disrupting economic activity, denying access to essential services, or creating economic division and fragmentation. Clearly, acts committed by domestic and subnational groups can have multiple motives.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Country Reports on Terrorism 2019 |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/country-reports-on-terrorism-2019/ |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=United States Department of State |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Slow violence]] is a long-duration form of violence which is often invisible (at least to those not impacted by it), such as environmental degradation, pollution and climate change.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nixon |first=Rob |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/754842110 |title=Slow violence and the environmentalism of the poor |date=2011 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-06119-4 |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |oclc=754842110}}</ref>