Editing Viktor Frankl (section)

===Logotherapy and existential analysis===
Frankl developed logotherapy and [[Existential therapy|existential analysis]], which are based on philosophical and psychological concepts, particularly the desire to find a meaning in life and [[free will]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.viktorfrankl.org/logotherapy.html|title=What is Logotherapy/Existential Analysis|access-date=24 April 2020|archive-date=13 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513201732/https://viktorfrankl.org/logotherapy.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Frankl identified three main ways of realizing meaning in life: by making a difference in the world, by having particular experiences, or by adopting particular attitudes.

The primary techniques offered by logotherapy and existential analysis are:<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Frankl|first=Viktor|title=The Doctor and the Soul. From Psychotherapy to Logotherapy|publisher=Vintage Books|year=2019|isbn=978-0525567042|location=New York}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Frankl|first=Viktor|title=The Will to Meaning: Foundations and Applications of Logotherapy.|publisher=Penguin/Plume|year=2014|isbn=978-0142181263|location=New York}}</ref><ref name=":2" />
* [[Paradoxical intention]]: clients learn to overcome obsessions or anxieties by self-distancing and humorous exaggeration.
* [[Dereflection]]: drawing the client's attention away from their symptoms, as hyper-reflection can lead to inaction.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Frankl|first=Viktor E.|date=1975|title=Paradoxical intention and dereflection.|journal=Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice|volume=12|issue=3|pages=226–237|doi=10.1037/h0086434}}</ref>
* [[Socratic dialogue]] and attitude modification: asking questions designed to help a client find and pursue self-defined meaning in life.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ameli, M., & Dattilio, F. M.|date=2013|title=Enhancing cognitive behavior therapy with logotherapy: Techniques for clinical practice.|journal=Psychotherapy|volume=50|issue=3|pages=387–391|doi=10.1037/a0033394|pmid=24000857}}</ref>

His acknowledgement of meaning as a central motivational force and factor in mental health is his lasting contribution to the field of psychology. It provided the foundational principles for the emerging field of [[positive psychology]].<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294286062_Viktor_Frankl's_Meaning-Seeking_Model_and_Positive_Psychology Viktor Frankl’s Meaning-Seeking Model and Positive Psychology] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719224356/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294286062_Viktor_Frankl%27s_Meaning-Seeking_Model_and_Positive_Psychology |date=19 July 2021 }} Chapter from book 'Meaning in Positive and Existential Psychology' (pp. 149–184)</ref>  Frankl's work has also been endorsed in the [[Chabad philosophy]] of [[Hasidic Judaism]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Biderman |first=Jacob |title=The Rebbe and Viktor Frankl |url=https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/1201321/jewish/The-Rebbe-and-Viktor-Frankl.htm}}</ref>