Editing Vacuole (section)

=== Contractile ===
A [[contractile vacuole]] is a specialized osmoregulatory organelle that is present in many free-living protists.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Essid|first1=Miriam|last2=Gopaldass|first2=Navin|last3=Yoshida|first3=Kunito|last4=Merrifield|first4=Christien|last5=Soldati|first5=Thierry|date=April 2012|editor-last=Brennwald|editor-first=Patrick|title=Rab8a regulates the exocyst-mediated kiss-and-run discharge of the Dictyostelium contractile vacuole|journal=Molecular Biology of the Cell|language=en|volume=23|issue=7|pages=1267–1282|doi=10.1091/mbc.e11-06-0576|issn=1059-1524|pmc=3315810|pmid=22323285}}</ref> The contractile vacuole is part of the contractile vacuole complex which includes radial arms and a spongiome. The contractile vacuole complex works periodically contracts to remove excess water and ions from the cell to balance water flow into the cell.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Plattner|first=Helmut|date=2015-04-03|title=The contractile vacuole complex of protists – New cues to function and biogenesis|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/1040841X.2013.821650|journal=Critical Reviews in Microbiology|language=en|volume=41|issue=2|pages=218–227|doi=10.3109/1040841X.2013.821650|pmid=23919298|s2cid=11384111|issn=1040-841X}}</ref> When the contractile vacuole is slowly taking water in, the contractile vacuole enlarges, this is called diastole and when it reaches its threshold, the central vacuole contracts then contracts (systole) periodically to release water.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pappas|first1=George D.|last2=Brandt|first2=Philip W.|date=1958|title=The Fine Structure of the Contractile Vacuole in Ameba|url= |journal=The Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology|volume=4|issue=4|pages=485–488|doi=10.1083/jcb.4.4.485|jstor=1603216|pmid=13563556|pmc=2224495|issn=0095-9901}}</ref>