Editing Ultranationalism (section)

=== Represented parties with former ultranationalist tendencies or factions ===
Several political parties historically had ultranationalist tendencies.
* '''{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}''': [[Serb Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)|Serb Democratic Party]]<ref>{{Cite news|agency=Reuters|date=1997-07-21|title=Bosnia Serbs Oust Leader From Her Party|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/21/world/bosnia-serbs-oust-leader-from-her-party.html|access-date=2021-06-19|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Holbooke to seek removal of Bosnian Serb leader|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/holbooke-to-seek-removal-of-bosnian-serb-leader-1.67958|access-date=2021-06-19|newspaper=The Irish Times|language=en}}</ref>
* '''{{flag icon|Republic of China}} [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|China]]''': [[Kuomintang]]<ref name="Kuomintang">{{cite book|year=1950|title=Roof of the World, Tibet|first=Amauary|last=De Riencourt|page=176|publisher=Rinehart|quote=Chiang Kai-Shek shook off the Soviet supervision and transmuted the Kuomintang into an ultranationalist movement}}</ref>
* '''{{flag|Hungary}}''': [[Jobbik]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299651334|title=Ultranationalist discourses of exclusion: a comparison between the Hungarian Jobbik and the Greek Golden Dawn|date=April 2016|last=Kyriazi|first=Anna|publisher=University of Milan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/7cf399b561394a3193927603d0668b14|title=Migrants finding little sympathy in Hungary for their plight|date=9 September 2015|publisher=AP News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2014/05/24/315445164/ultra-nationalist-party-surges-in-hungary|title=Ultra-Nationalist Party Surges In Hungary|newspaper=NPR.org|date=24 May 2014|publisher=National Public Radio}}</ref>
* '''{{flag|Indonesia}}''': [[Golkar]]<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Comparing Indonesia's Party Systems of the 1950s and the Post-Suharto Era: From Centrifugal to Centripetal Inter-Party Competition |jstor=27751535 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27751535|last1=Mietzner |first1=Marcus |journal=Journal of Southeast Asian Studies |year=2008 |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=431–453 |doi=10.1017/S0022463408000337 |s2cid=143374343 }}</ref>
* '''{{flag|Lebanon}}''': [[Kataeb Party]]<ref>{{cite book|page=19|title=Hezbollah and Hamas|quote=It emphasized internal discipline, paramilitary organization and ultranationalist ideals|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|year=2012|first=Joshua|last=Gleis}}</ref>
*'''{{flag|Malaysia}}''': [[United Malays National Organisation]]<ref>{{cite book|year=1966|page=102|title=Studies on Asia|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|quote=the ultranationalist faction within UMNO|first=Robert|last=Sakai}}</ref>
* '''{{flag|North Macedonia}}''': [[VMRO-DPMNE]]<ref>Piacentini A., Make Macedonia Great Again! The New Face of Skopje and the Macedonians’ identity dilemma edited by Evinç Doğan in Reinventing Eastern Europe: Imaginaries, Identities and Transformations; Place and space series; Transnational Press London, 2019; {{ISBN|1910781878}}, p. 87.</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=New Europe|title=North Macedonia takes a small step forward and one backwards this week|url=https://www.neweurope.eu/article/north-macedonia-takes-a-small-step-forward-and-one-backwards-this-week/|date=13 February 2020|access-date=2 July 2023|archive-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102182038/https://www.neweurope.eu/article/north-macedonia-takes-a-small-step-forward-and-one-backwards-this-week/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=[[Friedrich Ebert Stiftung]]|title=The Radical Right in Macedonia|quote=VMRO-DPMNE succeeded in bringing many ultranationalist views into the mainstream|url=https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/id-moe/09568.pdf|date=December 2012}}</ref>
* '''{{flag|Serbia}}''': [[Serbian Renewal Movement]]<ref name="bochsler2">{{cite web|last1=Stojarová|first1=Věra|last2=Emerson|first2=Peter|title=Political parties in Serbia|url=https://www.bochsler.eu/publi/bochsler_serbiacountry.pdf|website=bochsler.eu|publisher=Bochsler, Center for Comparative and International Studies, University of Zurich|access-date=22 May 2022|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210104528/https://www.bochsler.eu/publi/bochsler_serbiacountry.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*'''{{flag|Syria}}''': [[Syrian Social Nationalist Party]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Escaping Ethnocentrism: The Radical Right in the Middle East and Africa|work=Centre for Analysis of the Radical Right|date=6 April 2018|url=https://www.radicalrightanalysis.com/2018/04/06/escaping-ethnocentrism-the-radical-right-in-the-middle-east-and-africa/|quote=Moreover, the rise of fascism in interwar Europe was an inspirational source for variety of ultranationalist movements and parties that emerged in the Middle East and Africa. Take the Syrian Social Nationalist Party (SSNP), founded in 1932 by Antun Sa’adih, who had a specific mission: to lead the Lebanese people to their destiny.|access-date=10 June 2023|archive-date=12 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712095551/https://www.radicalrightanalysis.com/2018/04/06/escaping-ethnocentrism-the-radical-right-in-the-middle-east-and-africa/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*'''{{flag|Zimbabwe}}''': [[ZANU–PF]]<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2056341,00.html |title=Power to the Mob |first=Simon |last=Robinson |date=1 May 2000 |magazine=Time |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Ndlovu-Gatsheni |first=Sabelo J. |year=2009 |title=Making Sense of Mugabeism in Local and Global Politics: 'So Blair, keep your England and let me keep my Zimbabwe' |journal=Third World Quarterly |volume=30 |number=6 |pages=1139–1158 |doi=10.1080/01436590903037424 |s2cid=143775424 }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Ndlovu-Gatsheni |first=Sabelo J. |author-mask={{long dash}} |contribution=Introduction: Mugabeism and Entanglements of History, Politics, and Power in the Making of Zimbabwe |title=Mugabeism? History, Politics, and Power in Zimbabwe |editor=Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni |year=2015 |pages=1–25 |location=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-1-137-54344-8 }}</ref>

Several political parties have historically been described as having ultranationalist factions.
* '''{{flag|Israel}}''': [[Yisrael Beiteinu]]<ref>{{cite news|work=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|title=Avigdor Lieberman: Moldova's Mr. Nice Guy|date=11 February 2009|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/In_Moldova_Liebermans_Known_As_A_Nice_Guy/1491561.html}}</ref>
*'''{{flag|Taiwan}}''': [[Democratic Progressive Party]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Mainland to set up special economic zone to favour closer cooperation with Taiwan |url=https://www.asianews.it/news-en/Mainland-to-set-up-special-economic-zone-to-favour-closer-cooperation-with-Taiwan-15160.html |accessdate=2023-02-10 |agency=AsiaNews |date=2009-05-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Xiaokun Song |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2dBdby_Ck24C&dq=DPP+taiwan+%22extreme+nationalist%22&pg=PA199 |title=Between Civic and Ethnic: The Transformation of Taiwanese Nationalist Ideologies (1895-2000) |date=2009 |publisher=VUBPRESS |pages=199 | isbn=978-90-5487-575-8 |quote=After the defeat in the 1996's presidential election, the ideological difference between the extreme nationalist and the moderate eventually led to the split of the DPP}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q-4bpRs1R7UC&dq=%22extreme+nationalist%22+DPP&pg=PA202 |author1=Matthew D. McCubbins |author2=Stephan Haggard |title=Presidents, Parliaments, and Policy |quote=The extreme nationalist stance of the radical wing of the DPP, which called for Taiwan's independence, also tended to alienate middle-class and business voters. |date=January 15, 2001 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |pages=202|isbn=978-0-521-77485-7 }}</ref>
*'''{{flag|Turkey}}''': [[Good Party]]<ref>{{cite news|work=Middle East Eye|url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/our-bodies-are-turkish-our-souls-islamic-rise-turkeys-ultra-nationalists|title='Our bodies are Turkish, our souls Islamic!' The rise of Turkey's ultra-nationalists|date=21 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=Deutsche Welle|title=Turkish nationalists form new party challenging Erdogan|date=25 October 2017|url=https://www.dw.com/en/turkish-nationalists-form-new-party-challenging-erdogan/a-41101708}}</ref>