Editing Ulster Unionist Party (section)

==== 1920–1963 ====
Until almost the very end of its period of power in [[Northern Ireland]], the UUP was led by a combination of [[landed gentry]] ([[Basil Brooke, 1st Viscount Brookeborough|The 1st Viscount Brookeborough]], [[Hugh MacDowell Pollock]] and [[James Chichester-Clark]]), [[aristocracy]] ([[Terence O'Neill]]) and gentrified industrial magnates ([[James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon|The 1st Viscount Craigavon]] and [[J. M. Andrews]] – nephew of [[William Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie|The 1st Viscount Pirrie]]). Only its last [[Prime Minister of Northern Ireland|Prime Minister]], [[Brian Faulkner]], was from a middle-class background. During this era, all but 11 of the 149 UUP Stormont MPs were members of the Orange Order, as were all Prime Ministers.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sneps.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/1-Dominant-Ethnicity-demography-and-conflict_revision-Dec2010.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=11 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304093305/http://www.sneps.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/1-Dominant-Ethnicity-demography-and-conflict_revision-Dec2010.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Sir James Craig, who in 1927 was created [[Viscount Craigavon]], led the government of Northern Ireland from its inception until his death in November 1940 and is buried with his wife by the east wing of [[Parliament Buildings (Northern Ireland)|Parliament Buildings]] at [[Stormont Estate|Stormont]]. His successor, J. M. Andrews, was heavily criticised for appointing octogenarian veterans of Lord Craigavon's administration to [[Andrews ministry (Northern Ireland)|his cabinet]]. His government was also believed to be more interested in protecting the statue of Carson at the Stormont Estate than the citizens of Belfast during the [[Belfast Blitz]]. A backbench revolt in 1943 resulted in his resignation and replacement by [[Basil Brooke, 1st Viscount Brookeborough|Sir Basil Brooke]] (later [[Viscount Brookeborough]]), although Andrews was recognised as leader of the party until 1946.

Lord Brookeborough, despite having felt that Craigavon had held on to power for too long, was Prime Minister for one year longer. During this time he was on more than one occasion called to meetings of the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland to explain his actions, most notably following the 1947 Education Act which made the government responsible for the payment of [[National Insurance]] contributions of teachers in Catholic Church-controlled schools. [[Ian Paisley]] called for Brookeborough's resignation in 1953 when he refused to sack [[Brian Maginess]] and [[Clarence Graham]], who had given speeches supporting re-admitting Catholics to the UUP.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nuTC9ZiZZf0C&q=brian+maginess+catholic+membership+uup&pg=PA158|title=A Tragedy of Errors|isbn=9781846310645|last1=Bloomfield|first1=Ken|year=2007|publisher=Liverpool University Press }}</ref> He retired in 1963 and was replaced by [[Terence O'Neill]], who emerged ahead of other candidates, [[Jack Andrews]] and Faulkner.