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===Chronology=== The accepted chronology of Ukrainian divides the language into Old Ukrainian, Middle Ukrainian, and Modern Ukrainian.<ref>{{Cite Q|Q106315708|page=277}}</ref> Shevelov explains that much of this is based on the character of contemporary written sources, ultimately reflecting socio-historical developments, and he further subdivides the Middle period into three phases:<ref>{{Cite Q|Q105081119|isbn=3-533-02786-4|pages=40–41}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Q|Q105081178|page=54–55}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Q|Q87193076|chapter=Ukrainian language|url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CU%5CK%5CUkrainianlanguage.htm|first=George|last=Shevelov|author-link=George Shevelov}}</ref> * Proto-Ukrainian (abbreviated PU, Ukrainian: {{Lang|uk-Latn|protoukrajinsʼkyj period}}, until the mid-11th century), with no extant written sources by speakers in Ukraine. Corresponding to aspects of [[Old East Slavic]]. * Old Ukrainian (OU, {{Lang|uk-Latn|davnʼoukrajinsʼkyj period}} or {{Lang|uk-Latn|davnʼoukrajinsʼka mova}}, mid-11th to 14th c., conventional end date 1387), elements of phonology are deduced from written texts mainly in Church Slavic. Part of broader Old East Slavic. * Middle Ukrainian ({{Lang|uk-Latn|serednʼoukrajinsʼkyj period}} or {{Lang|uk-Latn|staroukrajinsʼka mova}}, 15th to 18th c.), historically called [[Ruthenian language|Ruthenian]]. ** Early Middle Ukrainian (EMU, {{Lang|uk-Latn|rannʼoserednʼoukrajinsʼkyj period}}, 15th to mid-16th c., 1387–1575), analysis focuses on distinguishing Ukrainian and Belarusian texts. ** Middle Ukrainian (MU, {{Lang|uk-Latn|serednʼoukrajinsʼkyj period}}, mid-16th to early 18th c., 1575–1720), represented by several vernacular language varieties as well as a version of Church Slavonic. ** Late Middle Ukrainian (LMU, {{Lang|uk-Latn|piznoserednʼoukrajinsʼkyj period}}, rest of the 18th c., 1720–1818), found in many mixed Ukrainian–Russian and Russian–Ukrainian texts. * Modern Ukrainian (MoU, from the very end of the 18th c., {{Lang|uk-Latn|sučasnyj period}} or {{Lang|uk-Latn|sučasna ukrajinsʼka mova}}, from 1818), the vernacular recognized first in literature, and subsequently all other written genres. Ukraine marks the Day of Ukrainian Writing and Language on 9 November, the [[Eastern Orthodox]] [[feast day]] of [[Nestor the Chronicler]].{{cn|date=June 2024}}
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