Editing Transportation in Canada (section)

==Air transport==
{{Further|Category:Airports in Canada|Category:Lists of airports in Canada}}
[[Aviation|Air transportation]] made up 9% of the transport sector's GDP generation in 2005. Canada's largest [[airline|air carrier]] and its [[flag carrier]] is [[Air Canada]], which had 34&nbsp;million customers in 2006 and, as of April 2010, operates 363 [[aircraft]] (including [[Air Canada Jazz]]).<ref name="TCFleet">[http://wwwapps2.tc.gc.ca/Saf-Sec-Sur/2/ccarcs/aspscripts/en/quicksearch.asp Transport Canada listing of aircraft owned by Air Canada and Air Canada Jazz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718042755/http://wwwapps2.tc.gc.ca/Saf-Sec-Sur/2/ccarcs/aspscripts/en/quicksearch.asp |date=July 18, 2011 }} (enter Air Canada (226 aircraft), Jazz Air LP (137 aircraft), Canadian Helicopters or Westjet in the box titled "Owner Name")</ref> [[CHC Helicopter]], the largest commercial [[helicopter]] operator in the world, is second with 142 aircraft<ref name="TCFleet"/> and [[WestJet]], a [[low-cost carrier]] formed in 1996, is third with 100 aircraft.<ref name="TCFleet"/> Canada's airline industry saw significant change following the signing of the US-Canada [[open skies]] agreement in 1995, when the marketplace became less regulated and more competitive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.ca/english/preview/87-003-XIE/P0039987-003-XIE.pdf |title=Travelog - Volume 18, Number 3|access-date=March 27, 2008 |publisher=Statistics Canada |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080409105657/http://www.statcan.ca/english/preview/87-003-XIE/P0039987-003-XIE.pdf |archive-date = April 9, 2008}}</ref>

According to a 2016 report, Canada's air transportation was the most expensive for consumers globally;<ref>{{Cite web |title=International flights from Canada are the most expensive in the world: report {{!}} Globalnews.ca |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/2931748/international-flights-from-canada-are-the-most-expensive-in-the-world-report/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref> however, this was prior to the emergence of [[Low-cost carrier|ultra-low-cost carriers]] such as [[Flair Airlines]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Flair Airlines is now Canada’s lone low-cost carrier. Can it rise to the moment? {{!}} Globalnews.ca |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/10387928/flair-airlines-lynx-air-low-cost-airlines/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref>

The [[Canadian Transportation Agency]] employs transportation enforcement officers to maintain aircraft safety standards, and conduct periodic aircraft inspections, of all air carriers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cta-otc.gc.ca/air-aerien/enforce/index_e.html |title=Enforcement |access-date=October 1, 2007 |author=Canadian Transportation Agency |publisher=Canadian Transportation Agency |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922160215/http://www.cta-otc.gc.ca/air-aerien/enforce/index_e.html |archive-date=September 22, 2007}}</ref> The [[Canadian Air Transport Security Authority]] is charged with the responsibility for the security of air traffic within Canada. In 1994 the [[National Airports Policy (Canada)|National Airports Policy]] was enacted<ref>{{cite web| title = National Airports Policy| url = http://www.tc.gc.ca/programs/Airports/policy/menu.htm| access-date = January 18, 2008| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071121072354/http://www.tc.gc.ca/programs/Airports/policy/menu.htm| archive-date = November 21, 2007| url-status = dead}}</ref>

===Principal airports===
{{Further|National Airports System|List of the busiest airports in Canada|List of airports in Canada}}

Of over 1,800 registered Canadian [[Aerodrome#Australian/Canadian usage|aerodrome]]s, certified [[airport]]s, [[heliport]]s, and [[floatplane]] bases,<ref>{{CFS}}</ref> 26 are specially designated under Canada's [[National Airports System]]<ref name="NAS">{{cite web|url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/programs/airports/status/menu.htm |title=Airport Divestiture Status Report |publisher=Tc.gc.ca |date=January 12, 2011 |access-date=February 19, 2011}}</ref> (NAS): these include all airports that handle 200,000 or more passengers each year, as well as the principal airport serving each federal, provincial, and territorial capital. However, since the introduction of the policy only one, [[Iqaluit Airport]], has been added and no airports have been removed despite dropping below 200,000 passengers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/programs/airports-policy-nationallist-303.htm |title=Airports in the national airports category (Appendix A) |publisher=Tc.gc.ca |date=December 16, 2010 |access-date=February 19, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607171304/http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/programs/airports-policy-nationallist-303.htm |archive-date=June 7, 2011}}</ref> The [[Government of Canada]], with the exception of the three territorial capitals, retains ownership of these airports and leases them to local authorities. The next tier consists of 64 regional/local airports formerly owned by the federal government, most of which have now been transferred to other owners (most often to municipalities).<ref name="NAS"/>

Below is a table of [[List of the busiest airports in Canada|Canada's ten biggest airports]] by passenger traffic in 2019.

[[Image:Toronto-pearson aerial.JPG|thumb|Toronto Pearson, Canada's busiest airport]]
[[File:Vancouver_International_Airport_Aerial.JPG|thumb|Vancouver International Airport]]
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Rank||Airport||Location||style="width:100px"|Total passengers||Annual change
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 1 || [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]] || [[Toronto]] ||align="right"|50,499,431<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistics|url=https://tpprodcdnep.azureedge.net/-/media/project/pearson/content/corporate/partnering/pdfs/traffic-summary-dec-2019.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220052828/https://tpprodcdnep.azureedge.net/-/media/project/pearson/content/corporate/partnering/pdfs/traffic-summary-dec-2019.pdf |archive-date=February 20, 2020 |url-status=live|access-date=February 20, 2020|date=February 18, 2020}}</ref> ||align="right"|2.0%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 2 || [[Vancouver International Airport]]|| [[Vancouver]] ||align="right"|26,395,820<ref>{{cite web|title=YVR Passengers (Enplaned + Deplaned) 1992 - Present|url=https://www.yvr.ca/-/media/yvr/documents/facts-sheets/2019/12-december/december-passengers.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203223623/https://www.yvr.ca/-/media/yvr/documents/facts-sheets/2019/12-december/december-passengers.pdf |archive-date=February 3, 2020 |url-status=live|publisher=yvr.ca|access-date=February 3, 2020}}</ref> ||align="right"|1.8%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 3 || [[Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport]] || [[Montreal]] ||align="right"|20,305,106<ref>{{cite web|title=2019 Passenger Traffic|url=https://www.admtl.com/sites/default/files/2019/ADM_Statsdet_2019_EN.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606014836/https://www.admtl.com/sites/default/files/2019/ADM_Statsdet_2019_EN.pdf |archive-date=June 6, 2019 |url-status=live|publisher=Aeroports de Montréal|access-date=February 17, 2020}}</ref> ||align="right"|4.5%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 4 || [[Calgary International Airport]] || [[Calgary]] ||align="right"|17,957,780<ref>{{cite web|title=Calgary Airport passenger statistics|url=https://www.yyc.com/en-us/media/factsfigures/passengerstatistics.aspx|publisher= Calgary International Airport|access-date=January 31, 2020 }}</ref> ||align="right"|3.5%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 5 || [[Edmonton International Airport]]|| [[Edmonton]] ||align="right"|8,151,532<ref>{{cite web|title=Edmonton International Airport Passenger Statistics|url=http://corporate.flyeia.com/business-at-the-airport/air-service-development/passenger-statistics|publisher=flyeia.com |access-date=January 31, 2020}}</ref>  ||align="right"| 1.2%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 6 || [[Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport]] || [[Ottawa]] ||align="right"|5,106,487<ref>{{cite web|title=YOW Passenger Volume |url=https://yow.ca/en/corporate/airport-authority/passenger-volume |publisher=Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport Authority |access-date=January 31, 2020}}</ref>  ||align="right"|0.1%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 7 || [[Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport]]  || [[Winnipeg]] ||align="right"|4,484,249<ref>{{cite web|title=Winnipeg Airports Authority - Passengers (Enplaned + Deplaned)|url=https://www.waa.ca/uploads/ck/files/Historical%20Passenger%20Statistics.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200212222458/https://www.waa.ca/uploads/ck/files/Historical%20Passenger%20Statistics.pdf |archive-date=February 12, 2020 |url-status=live|publisher=waa.ca|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref>  ||align="right"|0.0%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 8 ||  [[Halifax Stanfield International Airport]]|| [[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]]  ||align="right"| 4,188,443<ref>{{cite web |title=Halifax Stanfield Proudly Serves More Than Four Million Passengers for Third Consecutive Year|url=https://halifaxstanfield.ca/2020/02/halifax-stanfield-proudly-serves-four-million-passengers-third-consecutive-year/|website=Halifax Stanfield International Airport |publisher=Halifax International Airport Authority |access-date=February 4, 2020 |date=February 4, 2020}}</ref>||align="right"|3.0%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 9 || [[Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport]] (Toronto Island) || [[Toronto]] ||align="right"| - ||align="right"| −
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 10 || [[Kelowna International Airport]] || [[Kelowna]] ||align="right"| 2,032,144<ref>{{cite web|title=YLW Facts & statistics|url=https://ylw.kelowna.ca/business/facts-statistics |publisher=ylw.kelowna.ca |access-date=January 31, 2020}}</ref>||align="right"| 1.3%
|-
|}