Editing Transport in India (section)

== Bicycles ==
{{main|Cycling in India}}

Bicycles or cycles, have ownership rates ranging from around 30% to 75% at the state level.<ref name="bicycles" /> Along with walking, cycling accounts for 50% to 80% of the commuter trips for those in the informal sector in urban areas.<ref name="Tiwari"/> However, recent developments suggest that bicycle riding is quickly becoming popular in Indian cities. In smaller Indian cities, non-motorized transport, which includes cycling, accounts for close to 50% of the total trips by the working-class population. In larger cities like Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Delhi, non-motorized transport accounts for 35%-37% of the total trips.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Swarna Dutt & Azra |date=2021-08-07 |title=Ranchi shows how India's biggest cycling lessons lie in its smaller cities |url=https://scroll.in/article/1001318/ranchi-shows-how-indias-biggest-cycling-lessons-lie-in-its-smaller-cities |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US |archive-date=15 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240215103816/https://scroll.in/article/1001318/ranchi-shows-how-indias-biggest-cycling-lessons-lie-in-its-smaller-cities |url-status=live }}</ref> In recent years, government development authorities all over India have encouraged the setup and use of separate bicycle lanes alongside the roads to combat pollution and ease traffic congestion.<ref name="Bicycle">{{Cite web |url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2010/jan/200110-cycle-lanes-Delhi-Cycling-Club.htm |title=Now, paddle your way across Delhi |last=Singh |first=Amit |date=20 January 2010 |publisher=Mid-day.com |access-date=5 April 2010 |archive-date=17 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617081642/http://www.mid-day.com/news/2010/jan/200110-cycle-lanes-Delhi-Cycling-Club.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Human-rickshaws ===
[[File:Hand-pulled Rickshaw - Surya Sen Street - Kolkata 2014-01-01 1773.JPG|thumb|Human-pulled rickshaws still run in Kolkata]]
[[Pulled rickshaw|Human-pulled rickshaws]] are nowadays rarely available in various cities and villages in the country. Many local governments have proposed a ban on these rickshaws describing them as "inhuman". The [[Government of West Bengal]] proposed a ban on these rickshaws in 2005.<ref name="inhuman">{{Cite news |url=http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=52774 |title=Hand-pulled rickshaws to go off Kolkata roads |work=Online edition of The Indian Express, dated 2005-08-15 |access-date=23 April 2009 |archive-date=14 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014072754/http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=52774 |url-status=live }}</ref> Though a bill aiming to address this issue, termed as Calcutta Hackney Carriage Bill, was passed by the West Bengal Assembly in 2006, it has not yet been implemented.<ref name="tele81031">{{Cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081031/jsp/calcutta/story_10035108.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090517040428/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081031/jsp/calcutta/story_10035108.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 May 2009 |title=Rule review for rickshaw ban |date=31 October 2008 |work=Online edition of The Telegraph, dated 2008-10-31 |access-date=23 April 2009 |location=Calcutta, India }}</ref> The Government of West Bengal is working on an amendment to this bill to avoid the loopholes that were exposed when the Hand-pulled Rickshaw Owners' Association filed a petition against the bill.<ref name = tele81031 />

=== Cycle rickshaw ===
[[Cycle rickshaw]]s were introduced in India in the 1940s.<ref name="TED-Taj">{{Cite web |url=http://www1.american.edu/TED/taj.htm |title=The Taj Mahal: Pollution and Tourism |last=Farrell |first=Sean |publisher=Trade and Environment Database (TED)(American University) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926060455/http://www1.american.edu/TED/taj.htm |archive-date=26 September 2009 |access-date=29 November 2009}}</ref> They are bigger than a tricycle where two people sit on an elevated seat at the back and a person pedals from the front. In the late 2000s, they were banned in several cities for causing traffic congestion.<ref name="CRBanTOI">{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Rickshaw-ban-from-today/articleshow/2110773.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105185410/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-06-09/delhi/27984451_1_cycle-rickshaws-chandni-chowk-church-mission-road |url-status=live |archive-date=5 November 2011 |title=Rickshaw ban from today |date=9 June 2007 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=18 June 2009}}</ref><ref name="CRbanTT">{{Cite news |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060930/asp/guwahati/story_6811101.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927064532/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060930/asp/guwahati/story_6811101.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 September 2011 |title=Ban on slow vehicles in select areas likely |date=30 September 2006 |work=Online edition of The Telegraph, dated 2006-09-29 |access-date=18 June 2009 |location=Calcutta, India }}</ref><ref name="Chennaiban">{{Cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2002/10/16/stories/2002101609010300.htm |title=Ban on fish-carts extended |website=Online edition of The Hindu, dated 2002-10-15 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050306001710/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2002/10/16/stories/2002101609010300.htm |archive-date=6 March 2005 |access-date=18 June 2008}}</ref> The [[Delhi Police]] recently submitted an affidavit against plying of cycle rickshaws to ease traffic congestion in the city but it was dismissed by the [[Delhi High Court]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/12/09/stories/2009120957670400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214110421/http://www.hindu.com/2009/12/09/stories/2009120957670400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 December 2009 |title=New Delhi News : Police opinion on plying of cycle-rickshaws irks Court |date=9 December 2009 |access-date=5 April 2010 |work=[[The Hindu]] |location=Chennai, India}}</ref> In addition, environmentalists have supported the retention of cycle rickshaws as a non-polluting mode of transport.<ref name="CSEBulletin">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cseindia.org/campaign/apc/pdf/smog-2006-oct-3-rickshaw.pdf |title=Cycle rickshaws: Victims of car mania |publisher=[[Centre for Science and Environment]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717090721/http://www.cseindia.org/campaign/apc/pdf/smog-2006-oct-3-rickshaw.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2007 |access-date=18 June 2009}}</ref>

[[File:Public buses near Howrah Railway Station.jpg|thumb|Public buses near [[Howrah Station|Howrah Railway Station]] in [[Kolkata Book Fair|Kolkata]], West Bengal]]
[[File:Delhi–Meerut Expressway.jpg|thumb|[[Delhi–Meerut Expressway]] is India's widest expressway with 14 lanes.]]