Editing Toledo, Ohio (section)

==Geography==
[[File:20200805 22 Maumee River, Toledo, Ohio (50441936778).jpg|thumb|The [[Maumee River]] as it passes through Toledo]]
Toledo is located at {{Coord|41|39|10|N|83|32|16|W|type:city}} (41.6525, −83.5375).<ref name="GR1-a primary source">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |work=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 |archive-date=August 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824085937/https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The city has a total area of {{convert|84.12|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|3.43|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is covered by water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |work=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012}}</ref>

The city straddles the Maumee River at its mouth at the southern end of [[Maumee Bay]], the westernmost inlet of Lake Erie. The city is located north of what had been the [[Great Black Swamp]], giving rise to another nickname, Frog Town. Toledo sits within the borders of a sandy oak savanna called the [[Oak Openings Region]], an important ecological site that once comprised more than {{convert|300|sqmi|km2}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oakopen.org/history/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221231236/http://www.oakopen.org/history/ |title=History of the Oak Openings Region |archive-date=February 21, 2010 |work=Green Ribbon Initiative |access-date=August 3, 2014}}</ref>

Toledo is within {{convert|250|mi}} by road from seven metropolitan areas that have a population of more than two million people: [[Detroit]], [[Cleveland]], [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]], [[Cincinnati]], [[Pittsburgh]], [[Indianapolis]], and [[Chicago]]. In addition, it is within 300 miles of [[Toronto|Toronto, Ontario]].

=== Cityscape ===
{{See also|List of tallest buildings in Toledo, Ohio}}
[[File:Skyline of Toledo, Ohio.jpg|center|800px|thumb|{{center|Downtown Toledo's skyline from across the [[Maumee River]]}}]]

==== Neighborhoods and suburbs ====
{{Main|Neighborhoods in Toledo, Ohio}}
[[File:MeadowoodOldOrchard.jpg|thumb|[[Old Orchard (Toledo, Ohio)|Old Orchard]] neighborhood]]
The [[Old West End District (Toledo, Ohio)|Old West End]] is a historic neighborhood of [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]], Arts & Crafts, and other Edwardian-style houses made in the era. The historic district is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* Beverly
* Birmingham
* Darby (Eastern to South-Old South End)
* DeVeaux
* Crossgates
* Five Points
* [[Downtown Toledo|Downtown]]
* East Toledo
* Franklin Park
* Garfield
* Glendale-Heatherdowns (Byrne-Heatherdowns Village)
* [[Harvard Terrace: Toledo, Ohio|Harvard Terrace]]
* Junction Neighborhood
* [[Library Village (Toledo, Ohio)|Library Village]]
* Nasby
* North Towne
* [[Old Orchard (Toledo, Ohio)|Old Orchard]]
* [[Old West End District (Toledo, Ohio)|Old West End]]
* Old South End
* Old Town
* ONE Village (includes the Polish International Village, Vistula, & North River)
* ONYX (includes historic Kuschwantz and Lenk's Hill neighborhoods)
* [[Ottawa, Toledo, Ohio|Ottawa]]
* [[Point Place (Toledo Ohio)|Point Place]]
* Reynolds Corners
* Roosevelt
* Scott Park
* Secor Gardens (includes the University of Toledo)
* Southwyck
* Wernert's Corner
* Trilby
* University Hills
* Uptown
* [[Warehouse District (Toledo, Ohio)|Warehouse District]]
* Warren Sherman
* Westgate
* [[Westmoreland (Toledo, Ohio)|Westmoreland]]
{{div col end}}

On January 15, 1936, the first building to be completely covered in glass was constructed in Toledo. It was a building for the [[Owens-Illinois Glass Company]] and marked a milestone in [[architecture|architectural design]] representative of the [[International Style (architecture)|International style]] of architecture, which was at that time becoming increasingly popular in the US.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Bacon |first=Mardges |title=John McAndrew's modernist vision: from the Vassar College Art Library to the Museum of Modern Art in New York |date=2018 |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |isbn=978-1-61689-786-4 |location=New York |oclc=1059450963}}</ref>
[[File:Toledo Metro Area.PNG|thumb|[[Toledo metropolitan area]]]]
According to the [[US Census Bureau]], the [[Toledo metropolitan area]] covers four Ohio counties and one Michigan county, which combines with other micropolitan areas and counties for a combined statistical area. Some of what are now considered its suburbs in Ohio include: [[Bowling Green, Ohio|Bowling Green]], [[Holland, Ohio|Holland]], [[Lake Township, Wood County, Ohio|Lake Township]], [[Maumee, Ohio|Maumee]], [[Millbury, Ohio|Millbury]], [[Monclova Township, Lucas County, Ohio|Monclova Township]], [[Northwood, Ohio|Northwood]], [[Oregon, Ohio|Oregon]], [[Ottawa Hills, Ohio|Ottawa Hills]], [[Perrysburg, Ohio|Perrysburg]], [[Rossford, Ohio|Rossford]], [[Springfield Township, Lucas County, Ohio|Springfield Township]], [[Sylvania, Ohio|Sylvania]], [[Walbridge, Ohio|Walbridge]], [[Waterville, Ohio|Waterville]], [[Whitehouse, Ohio|Whitehouse]], and [[Washington Township, Lucas County, Ohio|Washington Township]]. [[Bedford Township, Monroe County, Michigan|Bedford Township, Michigan]] including the communities of [[Lambertville, Michigan]], [[Temperance, Michigan]], and [[Erie Township, Michigan]] are Toledo's Michigan suburbs, just above the city over the state line in Monroe County.

===Climate===
Toledo, as with much of the [[Great Lakes]] region, has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfa''), characterized by four distinct seasons. Lake Erie moderates the climate somewhat, especially in late spring and fall, when air and water temperature differences are maximal. However, this effect is lessened in the winter because Lake Erie (unlike the other Great Lakes) usually freezes over, coupled with prevailing winds that are often westerly, and in the summer, prevailing winds south and west over the lake bring heat and humidity to the city.

Summers are very warm and humid, with July averaging {{convert|75.4|°F|1}} and temperatures of {{convert|90|°F|0}} or more seen on 18.8 days.<ref name = "NOWData NWS Cleveland, OH (CLE) - TOLthr"/> Winters are cold and somewhat snowy, with a January mean temperature of {{convert|27.5|°F|1}}, and lows at or below {{convert|0|°F|0}} on 5.6 nights.<ref name = "NOWData NWS Cleveland, OH (CLE) - TOLthr"/> The spring months tend to be the wettest time of year, although precipitation is common year-round. November and December can get very cloudy, but January and February usually clear up after the lake freezes. July is the sunniest month overall.<ref name=NOAAsun/> About {{convert|37|in|cm|0}} of snow falls per year, much less than the [[Snow Belt]] cities, because of the prevailing wind direction. Temperature extremes have ranged from {{convert|-20|°F|0}} on January 21, 1984, to {{convert|105|°F|0}} on [[1936 North American heat wave|July 14, 1936]].
{{Weather box|location = Toledo, Ohio ([[Toledo Express Airport]]), 1991−2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1871−present{{efn|Official records for Toledo were kept at downtown from January 1871 to January 1943, [[Toledo Executive Airport|Toledo Municipal Airport]] from February 1943 to December 1945, [[Metcalf Field]] from January 1946 to January 11, 1955, and at Toledo Express Airport since January 12, 1955. For more information, see [http://threadex.rcc-acis.org ThreadEx].}}
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 71
|Feb record high F = 73
|Mar record high F = 85
|Apr record high F = 89
|May record high F = 98
|Jun record high F = 104
|Jul record high F = 105
|Aug record high F = 103
|Sep record high F = 100
|Oct record high F = 92
|Nov record high F = 80
|Dec record high F = 70
|year record high F = 105
|Jan avg record high F = 54.9
|Feb avg record high F = 57.8
|Mar avg record high F = 70.4
|Apr avg record high F = 80.3
|May avg record high F = 88.7
|Jun avg record high F = 94.4
|Jul avg record high F = 94.2
|Aug avg record high F = 92.4
|Sep avg record high F = 90.3
|Oct avg record high F = 82.2
|Nov avg record high F = 68.1
|Dec avg record high F = 57.8
|year avg record high F = 96.2
|Jan high F = 34.7
|Feb high F = 37.8
|Mar high F = 48.4
|Apr high F = 61.5
|May high F = 73.3
|Jun high F = 82.7
|Jul high F = 86.5
|Aug high F = 84.1
|Sep high F = 77.7
|Oct high F = 65.0
|Nov high F = 51.1
|Dec high F = 39.4
|year high F = 61.9
|Jan mean F = 27.5
|Feb mean F = 29.9
|Mar mean F = 39.2
|Apr mean F = 50.9
|May mean F = 62.1
|Jun mean F = 71.6
|Jul mean F = 75.4
|Aug mean F = 73.5
|Sep mean F = 66.4
|Oct mean F = 54.6
|Nov mean F = 42.8
|Dec mean F = 32.8
|year mean F = 52.2
|Jan low F = 20.3
|Feb low F = 22.1
|Mar low F = 29.9
|Apr low F = 40.3
|May low F = 50.9
|Jun low F = 60.5
|Jul low F = 64.2
|Aug low F = 62.8
|Sep low F = 55.1
|Oct low F = 44.3
|Nov low F = 34.5
|Dec low F = 26.1
|year low F = 42.6
|Jan avg record low F = -1.8
|Feb avg record low F = 2.1
|Mar avg record low F = 10.4
|Apr avg record low F = 24.2
|May avg record low F = 35.4
|Jun avg record low F = 45.1
|Jul avg record low F = 51.9
|Aug avg record low F = 50.4
|Sep avg record low F = 39.3
|Oct avg record low F = 28.7
|Nov avg record low F = 17.7
|Dec avg record low F = 5.9
|year avg record low F = -5.1
|Jan record low F = −20
|Feb record low F = −19
|Mar record low F = −10
|Apr record low F = 8
|May record low F = 25
|Jun record low F = 32
|Jul record low F = 40
|Aug record low F = 34
|Sep record low F = 26
|Oct record low F = 15
|Nov record low F = 2
|Dec record low F = −19
|year record low F = -20
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 2.37
|Feb precipitation inch = 2.28
|Mar precipitation inch = 2.61
|Apr precipitation inch = 3.45
|May precipitation inch = 3.82
|Jun precipitation inch = 3.45
|Jul precipitation inch = 3.27
|Aug precipitation inch = 3.15
|Sep precipitation inch = 2.93
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.59
|Nov precipitation inch = 2.65
|Dec precipitation inch = 2.44
|year precipitation inch = 35.01
|Jan snow inch = 12.3
|Feb snow inch = 10.2
|Mar snow inch = 5.3
|Apr snow inch = 1.3
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.1
|Nov snow inch = 1.7
|Dec snow inch = 6.5
|year snow inch = 37.4
| Jan snow depth inch  = 5
| Feb snow depth inch  = 5
| Mar snow depth inch  = 3
| Apr snow depth inch  = 0
| May snow depth inch  = 0
| Jun snow depth inch  = 0
| Jul snow depth inch  = 0
| Aug snow depth inch  = 0
| Sep snow depth inch  = 0
| Oct snow depth inch  = 0
| Nov snow depth inch  = 1
| Dec snow depth inch  = 3
| year snow depth inch =
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 13.5
|Feb precipitation days = 10.9
|Mar precipitation days = 11.5
|Apr precipitation days = 12.3
|May precipitation days = 12.9
|Jun precipitation days = 10.6
|Jul precipitation days = 9.6
|Aug precipitation days = 9.3
|Sep precipitation days = 9.1
|Oct precipitation days = 10.7
|Nov precipitation days = 10.5
|Dec precipitation days = 12.2
|year precipitation days = 133.1
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 9.2
|Feb snow days = 7.8
|Mar snow days = 4.3
|Apr snow days = 1.2
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.1
|Nov snow days = 2.0
|Dec snow days = 6.3
|year snow days = 30.9
|Jan sun = 126.0
|Feb sun = 142.2
|Mar sun = 183.7
|Apr sun = 213.7
|May sun = 265.9
|Jun sun = 288.2
|Jul sun = 299.3
|Aug sun = 263.7
|Sep sun = 220.3
|Oct sun = 180.4
|Nov sun = 106.5
|Dec sun = 90.2
|Jan humidity = 74.2
|Feb humidity = 72.9
|Mar humidity = 70.5
|Apr humidity = 66.2
|May humidity = 66.3
|Jun humidity = 69.0
|Jul humidity = 71.8
|Aug humidity = 75.6
|Sep humidity = 76.2
|Oct humidity = 72.5
|Nov humidity = 75.6
|Dec humidity = 78.6
|year humidity = 72.4
|Jan percentsun = 43
|Feb percentsun = 48
|Mar percentsun = 50
|Apr percentsun = 53
|May percentsun = 59
|Jun percentsun = 63
|Jul percentsun = 65
|Aug percentsun = 62
|Sep percentsun = 59
|Oct percentsun = 52
|Nov percentsun = 36
|Dec percentsun = 32
|year percentsun = 53
|Jan uv = 1
|Feb uv = 2
|Mar uv = 4
|Apr uv = 6
|May uv = 7
|Jun uv = 9
|Jul uv = 9
|Aug uv = 8
|Sep uv = 6
|Oct uv = 4
|Nov uv = 2
|Dec uv = 1
|source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] (relative humidity and sun 1961−1990)<ref name = "NOAA txt">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00094830&format=pdf |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |title=Station: Toledo Express AP, OH |work=U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020) |access-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-date=June 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220624103546/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00094830&format=pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name= "NOWData NWS Cleveland, OH (CLE) - TOLthr">{{cite web |url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=cle |title=NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=May 9, 2021 |archive-date=May 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525054020/http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=cle |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name= ThreadEx>{{cite web |url=http://threadex.rcc-acis.org/ |title=Thread Stations Extremes |access-date=February 27, 2011 |work=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |archive-date=March 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305195121/http://threadex.rcc-acis.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name = NOAAsun >{{cite web |url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72536.TXT |title=WMO Climate Normals for TOLEDO/EXPRESS, OH 1961–1990 |work=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date=March 10, 2014 |archive-date=July 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728193050/ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72536.TXT |url-status=live }}</ref>
|source 2 = Weather Atlas<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/ohio-usa/toledo-climate |title=Toledo, OH - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast |website=Weather Atlas |language=en |access-date=July 4, 2019 |archive-date=July 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704153157/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/ohio-usa/toledo-climate |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

===Algae blooms===
Harmful blooms of [[cyanobacteria]], or blue-green algae, were extremely bad in the 1960s that Lake Erie was mocked as a dead zone, said to have "No life".<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite web |last1=Wines |first1=Michael |title=Behind Toledo's Water Crisis, a Long-Troubled Lake Erie |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/05/us/lifting-ban-toledo-says-its-water-is-safe-to-drink-again.html |website=The New York Times |date=August 4, 2014 |access-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216195420/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/05/us/lifting-ban-toledo-says-its-water-is-safe-to-drink-again.html |url-status=live }}</ref> However, through clean water rules the lake was revived.<ref name="nytimes.com"/> Algal blooms have returned and have been negatively affecting Lake Erie since the late 1990s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lake Erie's toxic algae blooms: Why is the water turning green? |url=https://beta.nsf.gov/news/lake-eries-toxic-algae-blooms-why-water-turning |website=NSF - National Science Foundation |date=April 8, 2019 |language=en |access-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216195422/https://beta.nsf.gov/news/lake-eries-toxic-algae-blooms-why-water-turning |url-status=live }}</ref> Heightened levels of blue-green algae can affect both human and ecosystem health by causing fish to die, the water to be discolored and foul smelling, and oxygen deficient dead zones may even start to form.<ref>{{cite web |last1=US Department of Commerce |first1=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |title=Great Lakes: Harmful Algal Blooms |url=https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/hazards/hab/great-lakes.html#:~:text=Cyanobacteria%20blooms%20 |website=oceanservice.noaa.gov |language=EN-US |access-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216195423/https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/hazards/hab/great-lakes.html#:~:text=Cyanobacteria%20blooms%20 |url-status=live }}</ref> Sometimes the blooms are so thick that they slow boats.<ref name="greatlakes.org">{{cite web |last1=Castle |first1=Anna-Lisa |title=Five Years Later: Lessons From the Toledo Water Crisis |url=https://greatlakes.org/2019/08/five-years-later-lessons-from-the-toledo-water-crisis/#:~:text=On%20August%202nd%2C%202014%2C%20residents,bloom%20growing%20in%20Lake%20Erie |website=Alliance for the Great Lakes |date=August 1, 2019 |access-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216195422/https://greatlakes.org/2019/08/five-years-later-lessons-from-the-toledo-water-crisis/#:~:text=On%20August%202nd%2C%202014%2C%20residents,bloom%20growing%20in%20Lake%20Erie |url-status=live }}</ref> These large blooms are caused by agricultural runoff flowing into the lake.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Michalak |first1=Anna M. |last2=Anderson |first2=Eric J. |last3=Beletsky |first3=Dmitry |last4=Boland |first4=Steven |last5=Bosch |first5=Nathan S. |last6=Bridgeman |first6=Thomas B. |last7=Chaffin |first7=Justin D. |last8=Cho |first8=Kyunghwa |last9=Confesor |first9=Rem |last10=Daloğlu |first10=Irem |last11=DePinto |first11=Joseph V. |last12=Evans |first12=Mary Anne |last13=Fahnenstiel |first13=Gary L. |last14=He |first14=Lingli |last15=Ho |first15=Jeff C. |last16=Jenkins |first16=Liza |last17=Johengen |first17=Thomas H. |last18=Kuo |first18=Kevin C. |last19=LaPorte |first19=Elizabeth |last20=Liu |first20=Xiaojian |last21=McWilliams |first21=Michael R. |last22=Moore |first22=Michael R. |last23=Posselt |first23=Derek J. |last24=Richards |first24=R. Peter |last25=Scavia |first25=Donald |last26=Steiner |first26=Allison L. |last27=Verhamme |first27=Ed |last28=Wright |first28=David M. |last29=Zagorski |first29=Melissa A. |title=Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=April 16, 2013 |volume=110 |issue=16 |pages=6448–6452 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1216006110 |pmid=23576718 |pmc=3631662 |bibcode=2013PNAS..110.6448M |doi-access=free}}</ref> Agricultural runoff dumps phosphorus into the western basin of Lake Erie and acts as a fertilizer for the blue-green algae, and the warmer weather seen in July through October in Northern Ohio helps speed up the growing process.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.1216006110 |title=Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions |year=2013 |last1=Michalak |first1=Anna M. |last2=Anderson |first2=Eric J. |last3=Beletsky |first3=Dmitry |last4=Boland |first4=Steven |last5=Bosch |first5=Nathan S. |last6=Bridgeman |first6=Thomas B. |last7=Chaffin |first7=Justin D. |last8=Cho |first8=Kyunghwa |last9=Confesor |first9=Rem |last10=Daloğlu |first10=Irem |last11=Depinto |first11=Joseph V. |last12=Evans |first12=Mary Anne |last13=Fahnenstiel |first13=Gary L. |last14=He |first14=Lingli |last15=Ho |first15=Jeff C. |last16=Jenkins |first16=Liza |last17=Johengen |first17=Thomas H. |last18=Kuo |first18=Kevin C. |last19=Laporte |first19=Elizabeth |last20=Liu |first20=Xiaojian |last21=McWilliams |first21=Michael R. |last22=Moore |first22=Michael R. |last23=Posselt |first23=Derek J. |last24=Richards |first24=R. Peter |last25=Scavia |first25=Donald |last26=Steiner |first26=Allison L. |last27=Verhamme |first27=Ed |last28=Wright |first28=David M. |last29=Zagorski |first29=Melissa A. |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=110 |issue=16 |pages=6448–6452 |pmid=23576718 |pmc=3631662 |bibcode=2013PNAS..110.6448M |doi-access=free}}</ref> Because of Toledo's closeness to the lake, Toledo citizens are affected each year. Algal blooms can cause water bills to increase in this area $100 per year for a family of five.<ref name="greatlakesnow.org">{{cite web |last1=Blue |first1=Circle of |title=Lake Erie's Failed Algae Strategy Hurts Poor Communities the Most |url=https://www.greatlakesnow.org/2022/09/failed-algae-strategy-hurts-poor-communities/ |website=Great Lakes Now |date=September 20, 2022 |access-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-date=December 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221216195422/https://www.greatlakesnow.org/2022/09/failed-algae-strategy-hurts-poor-communities/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The effects of these blooms go beyond higher water bills as heightened blooms can even shut down parts of the economy such as tourism and fishing industries, and cause property values to drop, costing the local economy to lose tens of millions of dollars.<ref name="greatlakesnow.org"/>