Editing Thomas Hunt Morgan (section)

===Caltech===
[[File:Thomas Hunt Morgan sketch 1931.png|thumb|1931 drawing of Thomas Hunt Morgan]]
In 1928 Morgan joined the faculty of the [[California Institute of Technology]] where he remained until his retirement 14 years later in 1942.

Morgan moved to California to head the Division of Biology at the [[California Institute of Technology]] in 1928. In establishing the biology division, Morgan wanted to distinguish his program from those offered by Johns Hopkins and Columbia, with research focused on genetics and evolution; experimental embryology; physiology; biophysics, and biochemistry. He was also instrumental in the establishment of the [[Kerckhoff marine laboratory|Marine Laboratory]]  at [[Corona del Mar]]. He wanted to attract the best people to the Division at Caltech, so he took Bridges, Sturtevant, [[Jack Shultz]] and [[Albert Tyler (biologist)|Albert Tyler]] from Columbia and took on [[Theodosius Dobzhansky]] as an international research fellow. More scientists came to work in the Division including [[George Beadle]], [[Boris Ephrussi]], [[Edward L. Tatum]], [[Linus Pauling]], [[Frits Went]], [[Edward B. Lewis]], and Sidney W. Byance with his reputation, Morgan held numerous prestigious positions in American science organizations. From 1927 to 1931 Morgan served as the President of the National Academy of Sciences; in 1930 he was the President of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]]; and in 1932 he chaired the Sixth [[International Congress of Genetics]] in [[Ithaca, New York]]. In 1933 Morgan was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]; he had been nominated in 1919 and 1930 for the same work. As an acknowledgment of the group nature of his discovery, he gave his prize money to Bridges, Sturtevant, and his own children. Morgan declined to attend the awards ceremony in 1933, instead attending in 1934. The 1933 rediscovery of the giant [[polytene chromosome]]s in the salivary gland of ''Drosophila'' may have influenced his choice. Until that point, the lab's results had been inferred from phenotypic results, the visible polytene chromosome enabled them to confirm their results on a physical basis. Morgan's Nobel acceptance speech entitled "The Contribution of Genetics to Physiology and Medicine" downplayed the contribution genetics could make to medicine beyond [[genetic counseling]]. In 1939 he was awarded the [[Copley Medal]] by the Royal Society.{{cn|date=May 2024}}

He received two extensions of his contract at Caltech, but eventually retired in 1942, becoming a professor and chairman emeritus. George Beadle returned to Caltech to replace Morgan as chairman of the department in 1946. Although he had retired, Morgan kept offices across the road from the Division and continued laboratory work. In his retirement, he returned to the questions of sexual differentiation, regeneration, and embryology.