Editing The Raven (section)

== Publication history ==
[[File:The raven poe 1845.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|''The Raven and Other Poems'', [[Wiley and Putnam]], New York, 1845]]

Poe first brought "The Raven" to his friend and former employer [[George Rex Graham]] of ''[[Graham's Magazine]]'' in Philadelphia. Graham declined the poem, which may not have been in its final version, though he gave Poe $15 ({{Inflation|US|15|1845|fmt=eq}}) as charity.<ref>Hoffman, 79</ref> Poe then sold the poem to ''[[American Review: A Whig Journal|The American Review]]'', which paid him $9 ({{Inflation|US|9|1845|fmt=eq}}) for it,<ref>Ostrom, 5</ref> and printed "The Raven" in its February 1845 issue under the pseudonym "Quarles", a reference to the English poet [[Francis Quarles]].<ref>Silverman, 530</ref> The poem's first publication with Poe's name was in the ''Evening Mirror'' on January 29, 1845, as an "advance copy".<ref name=Sova208/> [[Nathaniel Parker Willis]], editor of the ''Mirror'', introduced it as "unsurpassed in English poetry for subtle conception, masterly ingenuity of versification, and consistent, sustaining of imaginative lift&nbsp;... It will stick to the memory of everybody who reads it."<ref name=Silverman237/> Following this publication the poem appeared in periodicals across the United States, including the ''[[New York Tribune]]'' (February 4, 1845), ''[[Broadway Journal]]'' (vol. 1, February 8, 1845), ''[[Southern Literary Messenger]]'' (vol. 11, March 1845), ''Literary Emporium'' (vol. 2, December 1845), ''Saturday Courier'', 16 (July 25, 1846), and the ''[[Richmond Examiner]]'' (September 25, 1849).<ref>{{cite web
  | title = The Poems of Edgar Allan Poe
  | publisher = Edgar Allan Poe Society of Baltimore
  | date = April 27, 2007
| url = http://www.eapoe.org/works/poems/index.htm
  | access-date =September 20, 2007 }}</ref>

The immediate success of "The Raven" prompted [[Wiley and Putnam]] to publish a collection of Poe's prose called ''Tales'' in June 1845; it was his first book in five years.<ref>Meyers, 177</ref> They also published a collection of his poetry called ''The Raven and Other Poems'' on November 19 which included a dedication to Barrett as "the Noblest of her Sex".<ref name=PoeLog591>Thomas & Jackson, 591</ref> The small volume, his first book of poetry in 14 years,<ref name=Peeples136>Peeples, 136</ref> was 100 pages and sold for 31 cents.<ref>Silverman, 299</ref> In addition to the title poem, it included "The Valley of Unrest", "Bridal Ballad", "[[The City in the Sea]]", "[[Eulalie]]", "[[The Conqueror Worm]]", "[[The Haunted Palace (poem)|The Haunted Palace]]" and 11 others.<ref>Sova, 209</ref> In the preface, Poe referred to them as "trifles" which had been altered without his permission as they made "the rounds of the press".<ref name=PoeLog591/>

=== Illustrators ===
[[File:Raven Manet B2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|An illustration by [[Édouard Manet]], from [[Stéphane Mallarmé|Mallarmé]]'s translation, depicting the first two lines of the poem]]

Later publications of "The Raven" included artwork by well-known illustrators. Notably, in 1858 "The Raven" appeared in a British Poe anthology with illustrations by [[John Tenniel]], the ''[[Alice in Wonderland]]'' illustrator (''The Poetical Works of Edgar Allan Poe: With Original Memoir'', London: Sampson Low). "The Raven" was published independently with lavish [[woodcut]]s by [[Gustave Doré]] in 1884 (New York: Harper & Brothers). Doré died before its publication.<ref>Scholnick, Robert J. "In Defense of Beauty: Stedman and the Recognition of Poe in America, 1880–1910", collected in ''Poe and His Times: The Artist and His Milieu'', edited by Benjamin Franklin Fisher IV. Baltimore: The Edgar Allan Poe Society, 1990. p. 262. {{ISBN|0-9616449-2-3}}</ref> In 1875, a French edition with English and French text, ''Le Corbeau'', was published with [[lithographs]] by [[Édouard Manet]] and translation by the [[Symbolism (movement)|symbolist]] poet [[Stéphane Mallarmé]].<ref>{{cite web
  | title = Digital Gallery for Édouard Manet illustrations&nbsp;– Le corbeau
  | work = New York Public Library Digital Collections
  | url = https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/search/index?utf8=%E2%9C%93&keywords=%C3%89douard+Manet+Le+corbeau
  | access-date =November 4, 2024 }}</ref> Many 20th-century artists and contemporary illustrators created artworks and illustrations based on "The Raven", including [[Edmund Dulac]], [[István Orosz]],<ref>{{multiref|{{cite web
 |first       = István
 |last        = Orosz
 |title       = The poet in the mirror
 |publisher   = Gallery Diabolus
 |url         = http://www.gallery-diabolus.com/gallery/upload/utisz/Poe%20d.jpg
 |access-date  = September 20, 2007
 |url-status   = usurped
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927070214/http://www.gallery-diabolus.com/gallery/upload/utisz/Poe%20d.jpg
 |archive-date = September 27, 2007
 |df          = mdy-all|ref=none
}}—Anamorphic illustration for "The Raven"|
[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927070159/http://www.gallery-diabolus.com/gallery/upload/utisz/Poe%20hengerrel%20d.jpg The same illustration with a chrome-plated brass cylinder]}}</ref> and Ryan Price.<ref>{{cite web
 |first       = Ryan
 |last        = Price
 |title       = Illustrations by Ryan Price
 |publisher   = Ingram Gallery
 |url         = http://www.ingramgallery.com/price_raven.htm
 |access-date  = September 20, 2007
|url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928004432/http://www.ingramgallery.com/price_raven.htm
 |archive-date = September 28, 2007
|df          = mdy-all
}}</ref>