Editing Telecommunications in Ghana (section)

==Telephones==
[[File:Ghana Mobile Phone Use.jpg|thumb|right|330px|{{center|Ghana mobile phone and [[Smartphone|smart phone]] use, July 2009.}}]]
{{See also |Telephone numbers in Ghana}}

The [[List of country calling codes|prefix code]] of Ghana for [[international call]]s is +233.<ref name=CIAWFB-Ghana-2014>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ghana/ "Communications: Ghana"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 28 January 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2014.</ref>

As of 2012 there were 285,000 fixed [[telephone line]]s in use, 120th in the world, and 25.6&nbsp;million [[Cellular network|mobile cellular]] lines, 42nd in the world.<ref name=CIAWFB-Ghana-2014/>

The telephone system has a fixed-line infrastructure concentrated in Accra and some wireless local loop installed, domestic trunks primarily use [[microwave radio relay]]. There are 4 [[Intelsat]] (Atlantic Ocean) satellite earth stations. [[Microwave radio relay]] links Ghana to its neighbours (2009).<ref name=CIAWFB-Ghana-2014/>

The [[SAT-3/WASC]], [[Main One (cable system)|Main One]], [[GLO-1 (cable system)|GLO-1]],<ref name=CIAWFB-Ghana-2014/> and [[ACE (cable system)|ACE]] [[List of international submarine communications cables|international optical fibre submarine cables]] provide links to countries along the west coast of Africa and on to Europe and Asia.<ref>[http://www.telecompaper.com/news/ghana-to-start-eastern-corridor-optical fibre-project—898764 Ghana to start eastern corridor fibre-optic project]. ''Telecompaper.com''. Retrieved 24 April 2013.</ref>

In 2010 two [[fixed phone|fixed line]] and six mobile phone companies were authorised to operate in Ghana of which 5 were operating, 13 satellite providers were authorised of which 8 were operating, 176 [[VSAT]] providers were authorised of which 57 were operating, and 99 public and private network operators were authorised of which 25 were operating. Authorized telecommunications companies include [[MTN Group|Mobile Telecommunications Networks]] (MTN), [[Vodafone Ghana]] which purchased Telecom Ghana, [[Tigo]] which replaced Mobitel (Millicom International Cellular), [[Bharti Airtel]] and Zain which acquired Western Telesystems Ltd (Westel), [[Globacom|Glo Mobile Ghana Limited]],<ref name = proexca /> and Expresso Telecom which acquired Kasapa Telecom.<ref>{{cite web|title=Expresso takes over Kasapa Telecom, pledges good services|url=http://www.ghananewsagency.org/economics/expresso-takes-over-kasapa-telecom-pledges-good-services-22498|publisher=Ghana News Agency |date=13 November 2010 |access-date=22 July 2013}}</ref> In 2017, Tigo Ghana and Airtel Ghana merged to form AirtelTigo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airtel, Tigo merger approved by NCA |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/airtel-tigo-merger-approved-by-nca.html}}</ref>

Competition among [[Mobile network operator|mobile-cellular providers]] has spurred growth, with a mobile phone teledensity in 2009 of more than 80 per 100 persons and rising.<ref name=CIAWFB-Ghana-2014/> The cost of mobile phones is increased by taxes of around 38%.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21711511-mobile-phones-are-transforming-africa-where-they-can-get-signal-mobile-phones|title=Mobile phones are transforming Africa|date=2016-12-10|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=2016-12-15}}</ref>

The Ghana's telecom market has undergone several changes in recent years, following the privatisation of the incumbent telco Ghana Telecom and its rebranding as Vodafone Ghana. Two of the key players merged to form AirtelTigo in 2017, though in mid-2020 the parent companies of the operator decided to exit the market. The sale and transfer of AirtelTigo to the state was completed in November 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2023 |title=Ghana Telecoms Market Report |url=https://www.budde.com.au/Research/Ghana-Telecoms-Mobile-and-Broadband-Statistics-and-Analyses}}</ref>

According to the Ghana Telecom Services Market Reports, the telecom services market size in Ghana was valued at $1.9 billion in 2022. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.1% during the forecast period, 2022–2027. Initiatives such as Rural Telephony and Digital Inclusion Projects and Smart City Project will be driving the telecom sector in the country. The reports shows the leading telecom Companies in Ghana; MTN Ghana, Vodafone Ghana, AirtelTigo Ghana and Glo Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana Telecom Services Market Size and Analysis by Service Revenue, Penetration, Subscription, ARPU's (Mobile and Fixed Services by Segments and Technology), Competitive Landscape and Forecast, 2022-2027 |url=https://www.globaldata.com/store/report/ghana-telecom-operators-market-analysis/ |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Market Research Reports & Consulting {{!}} GlobalData UK Ltd. |language=en-US}}</ref>

As the telecommunication giant in the county, MTN Ghana is on course to expand and improve its network by 2025 with $1 billion investment. This will go a long way to improve the telecommunication services in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MTN Ghana on course with $1 billion network investment - Ghana Telecoms Chamber |url=https://www.telecomschamber.com/news-media/industry-news/mtn-ghana-on-course-with-1-billion-network-investment |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=www.telecomschamber.com}}</ref>