Editing Stanley Kubrick (section)

=== Early feature work (1953–1955) ===
[[File:Fear and Desire (1952, original version).webm|thumb|thumbtime=7|''Fear and Desire'' (1953)]]
After raising $1000 showing his short films to friends and family, Kubrick found the finances to begin making his first feature film, ''[[Fear and Desire]]'' (1953), originally running with the title ''The Trap'', written by his friend [[Howard Sackler]]. Kubrick's uncle, Martin Perveler, a Los Angeles pharmacy owner, invested a further $9000 on condition that he be credited as executive producer of the film.{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=26}} Kubrick assembled several actors and a small crew totaling fourteen people (five actors, five crewmen, and four others to help transport the equipment) and flew to the [[San Gabriel Mountains]] in California for a five-week, low-budget shoot.{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=26}}   Later renamed ''The Shape of Fear'' before finally being named ''Fear and Desire'', it is a fictional [[allegory]] about a team of soldiers who survive a plane crash and are caught behind enemy lines in a war. During the course of the film, one of the soldiers becomes infatuated with an attractive girl in the woods and binds her to a tree. This scene and others are noted for their rapid close-ups on the faces of the cast. Kubrick had intended for ''Fear and Desire'' to be a [[silent film|silent picture]] in order to ensure low production costs; the added sounds, effects, and music ultimately brought production costs to around $53,000, exceeding the budget.{{sfn|Baxter|1997|p=50}} He was bailed out by producer [[Richard de Rochemont]] on the condition that he help in de Rochemont's production of a five-part television series about [[Abraham Lincoln]] on location in [[Hodgenville, Kentucky]].{{sfn|Duncan|2003|pp=26–7}}

''Fear and Desire'' was a commercial failure, but garnered several positive reviews upon release. Critics such as the reviewer from ''[[The New York Times]]'' believed that Kubrick's professionalism as a photographer shone through in the picture, and that he "artistically caught glimpses of the grotesque attitudes of death, the wolfishness of hungry men, as well as their bestiality, and in one scene, the wracking effect of lust on a pitifully juvenile soldier and the pinioned girl he is guarding". [[Columbia University]] scholar [[Mark Van Doren]] was highly impressed by the scenes with the girl bound to the tree, remarking that it would live on as a "beautiful, terrifying and weird" sequence which illustrated Kubrick's immense talent and guaranteed his future success.{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=27}} Kubrick himself later expressed embarrassment with ''Fear and Desire'', and attempted over the years to disown it, keeping prints of the film out of circulation.{{sfn|Baxter|1997|p=56}}{{efn|Kubrick called ''Fear and Desire'' a "bumbling, amateur film exercise&nbsp;... a completely inept oddity, boring and pretentious", and also referred to it as "a lousy feature, very self-conscious, easily discernible as an intellectual effort, but very roughly, and poorly, and ineffectively made".{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=27}}}} During the production of the film, Kubrick accidentally almost killed his cast with poisonous gasses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,867001,00.html |title="The New Pictures," ''Time'', June 4, 1956 |date=June 4, 1956 |accessdate=May 2, 2021 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126024212/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,867001,00.html |archivedate=November 26, 2010}}</ref>

Following ''Fear and Desire'', Kubrick began working on ideas for a new boxing film. Due to the commercial failure of his first feature, Kubrick avoided asking for further investments, but commenced a [[film noir]] script with Howard O. Sackler. Originally under the title ''Kiss Me, Kill Me'', and then ''The Nymph and the Maniac'', ''[[Killer's Kiss]]'' (1955) is a 67-minute film noir about a young heavyweight boxer's involvement with a woman being abused by her criminal boss. Like ''Fear and Desire'', it was privately funded by Kubrick's family and friends, with some $40,000 put forward from Bronx pharmacist Morris Bousse.{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=28}} Kubrick began shooting footage in [[Times Square]], and frequently explored during the filming process, experimenting with [[cinematography]] and considering the use of unconventional angles and imagery. He initially chose to record the sound on location, but encountered difficulties with shadows from the microphone booms, restricting camera movement. His decision to drop the sound in favor of imagery was a costly one; after 12–14 weeks shooting the picture, he spent some seven months and $35,000 working on the sound.{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=30}}
[[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s ''[[Blackmail (1929 film)|Blackmail]]'' (1929) directly influenced the film with the painting laughing at a character, and [[Martin Scorsese]] has, in turn, cited Kubrick's innovative shooting angles and atmospheric shots in ''Killer's Kiss'' as an influence on ''[[Raging Bull]]'' (1980).{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=32}} Actress [[Chris Chase|Irene Kane]], the star of ''Killer's Kiss'', observed: "Stanley's a fascinating character. He thinks movies should move, with a minimum of dialogue, and he's all for sex and sadism".{{sfn|Baxter|1997|p=63}} ''Killer's Kiss'' met with limited commercial success and made very little money in comparison with its production budget of $75,000.{{sfn|Duncan|2003|p=32}} Critics have praised the film's camerawork, but its acting and story are generally considered mediocre.{{sfnm|1a1=Baxter|1y=1997|1p=69|2a1=Duncan|2y=2003|2p=32}}{{efn|Kubrick himself thought of the film as an amateurish effort—a student film.{{Sfn|LoBrutto|1999|p=102}} Despite this, the film historian Alexander Walker considers the film to be "oddly compelling".{{sfn|Walker|1972|p=55}}}}