Editing Solfège (section)

===Movable do solfège===
In ''Movable do''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2 October 2012|title=Movable "Do" vs Fixed "Do"|url=https://www.teaching-children-music.com/2012/10/movable-do-vs-fixed-do/|access-date=18 September 2020|website=Teaching Children Music|language=en-US}}</ref> or ''tonic sol-fa'', each syllable corresponds to a [[scale degree]]; for example, if the music changes into a higher key, each syllable moves to a correspondingly higher note. This is analogous to the Guidonian practice of giving each degree of the hexachord a solfège name, and is mostly used in Germanic countries, [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] countries, and the United States.

One particularly important variant of movable do, but differing in some respects from the system described below, was invented in the nineteenth century by [[Sarah Ann Glover]], and is known as [[tonic sol-fa]].

In Italy, in 1972, [[Roberto Goitre]] wrote the famous method "Cantar leggendo", which has come to be used for choruses and for music for young children.

The pedagogical advantage of the movable-Do system is its ability to assist in the theoretical understanding of music; because a tonic is established and then sung in comparison to, the student infers melodic and chordal implications through their singing. 

====Major====
Movable do is frequently employed in Australia, China, Japan (with 5th being so, and 7th being si), Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States, Hong Kong, and English-speaking Canada. The movable do system is a fundamental element of the [[Kodály method]] used primarily in [[Hungary]], but with a dedicated following worldwide. In the movable do system, each solfège syllable corresponds not to a pitch, but to a scale degree: The first degree of a major scale is always sung as "do", the second as "re", etc. (For minor keys, see below.) In movable do, a given tune is therefore always sol-faed on the same syllables, no matter what key it is in.

The solfège syllables used for movable do differ slightly from those used for fixed do, because the English variant of the basic syllables ("ti" instead of "si") is usually used, and [[Chromatic scale|chromatically]] altered syllables are usually included as well.

{| style="margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|-
! Major scale degree
! Mova. do solfège syllable
! # of half steps from Do
! {{abbr|Trad. pron.|Traditional pronunciation}}
|- style="background:#fff;"
|'''1'''
|'''Do'''
|0
|{{IPA|/doʊ/}}
|- style="background:#fff;"
|Raised 1
|Di
|1
|{{IPA|/diː/}}
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey;"
|Lowered 2
|Ra
|1
|{{IPA|/ɹɑː/}}
|-
|'''2'''
|'''Re'''
|2
|{{IPA|/ɹeɪ/}}
|-
|Raised 2
|Ri
|3
|{{IPA|/ɹiː/}}
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey; background:#fff;"
|Lowered 3
|Me (& Ma)
|3
|{{IPA|/meɪ/}} ({{IPA|/mɑː/}})
|- style="background:#fff;"
|'''3'''
|'''Mi'''
|4
|{{IPA|/miː/}}
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey;"
|'''4'''
|'''Fa'''
|5
|{{IPA|/fɑː/}}
|-
|Raised 4
|Fi
|6
|{{IPA|/fiː/}}
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey; background:#fff;"
|Lowered 5
|Se
|6
|{{IPA|/seɪ/}}
|- style="background:#fff;"
|'''5'''
|'''Sol'''
|7
|{{IPA|/soʊ/}}
|- style="background:#fff;"
|Raised 5
|Si
|8
|{{IPA|/siː/}}
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey;"
|Lowered 6
|Le (& Lo)
|8
|{{IPA|/leɪ/}} ({{IPA|/loʊ/}})
|-
|'''6'''
|'''La'''
|9
|{{IPA|/lɑː/}}
|-
|Raised 6
|Li
|10
|{{IPA|/liː/}}
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey; background:#fff;"
|Lowered 7
|Te (& Ta)
|10
|{{IPA|/teɪ/}} ({{IPA|/tɑː/}})
|- style="background:#fff;"
|'''7'''
|'''Ti'''
|11
|{{IPA|/tiː/}}
|}

If, at a certain point, the key of a piece modulates, then it is necessary to change the solfège syllables at that point. For example, if a piece begins in C major, then C is initially sung on "do", D on "re", etc. If, however, the piece then modulates to F major, then F is sung on "do", G on "re", etc., and C is then sung on "sol".

====Minor====
Passages in a minor key may be sol-faed in one of two ways in movable do: either starting on do (using "me", "le", and "te" for the lowered third, sixth, and seventh degrees, and "la" and "ti" for the raised sixth and seventh degrees), which is referred to as "do-based minor", or starting on la (using "fi" and "si" for the raised sixth and seventh degrees). The latter (referred to as "la-based minor") is sometimes preferred in choral singing, especially with children.

The choice of which system is used for minor makes a difference as to how you handle modulations. In the first case ("do-based minor"), when the key moves for example from C major to C minor the syllable do keeps pointing to the same note, namely C, (there's no "mutation" of do's note), but when the key shifts from C major to A minor (or A major), the scale is transposed from do = C to do = A. In the second case ("la-based minor"), when the key moves from C major to A minor the syllable do continues to point to the same note, again C, but when the key moves from C major to C minor the scale is transposed from do = C to do = E-flat.

{| style="margin:auto;" class="wikitable"
|-
!Natural minor scale degree
!Movable do solfège syllable (La-based minor)
!Movable do solfège syllable (Do-based minor)
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey; background:#fff;"
|Lowered 1
|Le (& Lo)
|( Ti )
|- style="background:#fff;"
|'''1'''
|'''La'''
|'''Do'''
|- style="background:#fff;"
|Raised 1
|Li
|Di
|- style="border-top: 2px solid darkgrey;"
|Lowered 2
|Te (& Ta)
|Ra
|-
|'''2'''
|'''Ti'''
|'''Re'''
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey; background:#fff;"
|'''3'''
|'''Do'''
|'''Me (& Ma)'''
|- style="background:#fff;"
|Raised 3
|Di
|Mi
|- style="border-top: 2px solid darkgrey;"
|Lowered 4
|Ra
|( Mi )
|-
|'''4'''
|'''Re'''
|'''Fa'''
|-
|Raised 4
|Ri
|Fi
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey; background:#fff;"
|Lowered 5
|Me (& Ma)
|Se
|- style="background:#fff;"
|'''5'''
|'''Mi'''
|'''Sol'''
|- style="border-top: 2px solid darkgrey;"
|'''6'''
|'''Fa'''
|'''Le (& Lo)'''
|-
|Raised 6
|Fi
|La
|- style="border-top:2px solid darkgrey; background:#fff;"
|Lowered 7
|Se
|( La )
|- style="background:#fff;"
|'''7'''
|'''Sol'''
|'''Te (& Ta)'''
|- style="background:#fff;"
|Raised 7
|Si
|Ti
|}