Editing Serengeti National Park (section)

==Geology==
[[File:Lava_lengai.jpg|thumb|Carbonatite lava at [[Ol Doinyo Lengai]] volcano]]
The [[basement complex]] consists of [[Archaen]] Nyanzian System [[Greenstone belt|greenstones]] (2.81–2.63 [[Giga annum|Ga]] in age), Archaean [[granite]]-[[gneiss]] [[pluton]]s (2.72–2.56 Ga in age), which were [[geologic uplift|uplifted]] 180 [[megaannum|Ma ago]], forming [[koppie]]s and elongated hills, the [[Neoproterozoic]] [[Mozambique Belt]] consisting of [[quartzite]] and granite, and the Neoproterozoic Ikorongo Group, consisting of [[sandstone]], [[shale]] and [[siltstone]] that form linear ridges. The southeast portion of the park contains [[Neogene]]-aged [[volcanic rock]] and [[Oldoinyo Lengai]] [[Holocene]]-aged [[volcanic ash]]. The Grumeti, Mara, Mbalageti, and Orangi rivers flow westward to [[Lake Victoria]], while the Oldupai River flows eastward into the Olbalbal Swamps.<ref name=Scoon>{{cite book |last1=Scoon |first1=R. |title=Geology of National Parks of Central/ Southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania: Geotourism of the Gregory Rift Valley, Active Volcanism and Regional Plateaus |date=2018 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9783319737843 |pages=69–79}}</ref>

In the eastern portion of the park lie the [[Serengeti volcanic grasslands]] which are a [[Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands|Tropical Grassland]] Ecozone. The grasslands grow on deposits of volcanic ash from the Kerimasi Volcano, which erupted 150,000 years ago, and also from the Ol Doinyo Lengai volcanic eruptions, which created layers of [[calcareous tuff]] and calcitic hard-pan soil ([[vertisol]]s) from rapid weathering of the [[natrocarbonatite]] [[lava]] produced by the [[volcano]]es.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Global Volcanism Program {{!}} Ol Doinyo Lengai|url=https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=222120|access-date=25 May 2021|website=Smithsonian Institution {{!}} Global Volcanism Program|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Hawaiian Volcano Observatory|url=https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/hvo_volcano_watch.html?vwid=652|access-date=25 June 2021|website=volcanoes.usgs.gov}}</ref><ref>Kindt, R., Lillesø, J.-P. B., van Breugel, P., Bingham, M., Sebsebe Demissew, Dudley, C., Friis, I., Gachathi, F., Kalema, J., Mbago, F., Minani, V., Moshi, H. N., Mulumba, J., Namaganda, M., Ndangalasi, H.J., Ruffo, C.K., Jamnadass, R. and Graudal, L. 2011. ''Potential natural vegetation of eastern Africa.'' Volume 5: Description and tree species composition for other potential natural vegetation types. Forest & Landscape Working Paper 65-2011</ref>