Editing Serbia and Montenegro (section)

=== Economic collapse during Yugoslav Wars ===
{{Main|Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|International sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia}}

Following the adoption of economic sanctions by the international community against FR Yugoslavia, its economy experienced a collapse. Sanctions on fuel meant that fuel stations across the country ran out of petrol,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/25/world/crisis-in-the-balkans-fuel-oil-flowing-to-yugoslavia-despite-nato-s-exertions.html |title=CRISIS IN THE BALKANS: FUEL; Oil Flowing to Yugoslavia Despite NATO's Exertions |first=Raymond |last=Bonner |date=25 May 1999 |work=The New York Times |access-date=29 July 2020 |archive-date=26 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726221326/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/05/25/world/crisis-in-the-balkans-fuel-oil-flowing-to-yugoslavia-despite-nato-s-exertions.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and foreign assets were seized. The average income of inhabitants of FR Yugoslavia was halved from $3,000 to $1,500.<ref name="auto2"/> An estimated 3 million Yugoslavs (Serbs and Montenegrins) lived below the poverty line,<ref name="auto2"/> suicide rates increased by 22%<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/30/world/embargo-leaves-serbia-thriving.html |title=Embargo Leaves Serbia Thriving |first=Roger |last=Cohen |date=30 May 1994 |work=The New York Times |access-date=29 July 2020 |archive-date=27 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727040324/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/30/world/embargo-leaves-serbia-thriving.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and hospitals lacked basic equipment. Along with this, supply links were cut, which meant that the Yugoslav economy could not grow, and imports or exports needed for industries could not be obtained, forcing them to close.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.vijesti.me/vijesti/dukanoviceva-strategija-za-pripajanje-srpske-88103 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112021508/http://www.vijesti.me/vijesti/dukanoviceva-strategija-za-pripajanje-srpske-881034 |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 January 2018 |title=Đukanovićeva strategija za pripajanje Srpske |work=Vijesti.me |date=12 January 2018}}</ref> The crippled state of the Yugoslav economy also affected its ability to wage war, and after 1992, Yugoslavia had an extremely limited military role within the Yugoslav Wars, due to Yugoslav Army (VJ) units being unable to operate without oil or munitions.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/31/world/un-votes-13-0-for-embargo-on-trade-with-yugoslavia-air-travel-and-oil-curbed.html |title=U.n. Votes 13-0 for Embargo on Trade with Yugoslavia; Air Travel and Oil Curbed |first=Paul |last=Lewis |date=31 May 1992 |work=The New York Times |access-date=29 July 2020 |archive-date=26 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726221329/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/31/world/un-votes-13-0-for-embargo-on-trade-with-yugoslavia-air-travel-and-oil-curbed.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/1995/19951122.sc6127.html |title=Security Council Decides on Phased Lifting of Arms Embargo Against Former Yugoslavia by Vote of 14 to None, With Russian Federation Abstaining |website=un.org |date=22 November 1995 |access-date=22 June 2021 |archive-date=31 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731054956/https://www.un.org/press/en/1995/19951122.sc6127.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

On top of this, starting in 1992 and until 1994, the Yugoslav dinar [[hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|experienced a major hyperinflation]], leading to inflation reaching 313 million percent,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/worlds-greatest-unreported-hyperinflation#:~:text=Starting%20in%20January%201992%2C%20what,but%20well%20below%20Hungary's%20record. |title=The World's Greatest Unreported Hyperinflation |work=Cato Institute |last=Hanke |first=Steve H. |date=7 May 2007 |access-date=22 June 2021 |archive-date=18 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518230354/https://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/worlds-greatest-unreported-hyperinflation#:~:text=Starting%20in%20January%201992%2C%20what,but%20well%20below%20Hungary's%20record. |url-status=live}}</ref> the second worst hyperinflation in history. Many parts of FR Yugoslavia, including all of Montenegro, adopted the [[Deutsche Mark]] and [[Euro]] currencies instead of the Yugoslav dinar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/2000/0302/p8s1.html |title=German currency leaves its mark across the Balkans |date=2 March 2000 |work=The Christian Science Monitor |last=Kim |first=Lucian |access-date=22 June 2021 |archive-date=5 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805014844/https://www.csmonitor.com/2000/0302/p8s1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> International sanctions crippled the Yugoslav economy, and prevented it from playing an active role in aiding Serb breakaway republics. Following the Dayton Agreement, the UN Security Council voted to lift most sanctions, but they were reissued following the outbreak of an Albanian insurgency in Kosovo. The lasting economic impact can be attributed to the eventual downfall of FR Yugoslavia and Slobodan Milošević's government, as well as a deeper desire in Montenegro to leave Yugoslavia.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/balkans/stories/montenegro062599.htm |title=Montenegro Easing Away From Serb Ally |newspaper=The Washington Post |last=Dobbs |first=Michael |date=25 June 1999 |access-date=22 June 2021 |archive-date=1 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201051350/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/balkans/stories/montenegro062599.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>