Editing Sarah Winnemucca (section)

==Bannock War==
Parrish was replaced in the summer of 1876 by agent [[William V. Rinehart]]. The Paiute were sorry to see Parrish leave.{{sfn|Canfield|1988|p=106}} A proponent of extermination-style warfare, Rinehart emphasized keeping the Paiute under his thumb. He reversed many of the policies that Parrish had initiated, telling the Paiute the reservation land belonged to the government. He failed to pay their workers for agricultural labor in communal fields, and alienated many tribal leaders. Conditions at the [[Malheur Reservation]] quickly became intolerable.

In her 1883 book, Winnemucca recounted that Rinehart sold supplies intended for the Paiute people to local whites. Much of the good land on the reservation was illegally expropriated by white settlers. In 1878, virtually all of the Paiute and [[Bannock people]] left the reservation because of these abuses and their difficulties in living. The Bannock from southern Idaho had left the [[Fort Hall Reservation]] due to similar problems. They moved west, raiding isolated white settlements in southern [[Oregon]] and northern Nevada, triggering the [[Bannock War]] (1878). The degree to which Northern Paiute people participated with the Bannock is unclear. Winnemucca wrote that she and several other Paiute families were held hostage by the Bannock during the war.

During the Bannock War, Winnemucca worked as a translator for General [[Oliver O. Howard]] of the [[U.S. Army]], whom she had met during his visit to the reservation; she also acted as a scout and messenger.<ref>{{cite book|last=Howard|first=Major-General O. O.|title=Toc-Me-To-Ne, An Indian Princess|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uxQbAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA820-|year=1908|publisher=St. Nicholas magazine, Scribner & Company|pages=820–}}</ref> According to her account, the Bannock warriors and the Army soldiers liked each other so much that they rarely shot to kill. For whatever reason, casualties were relatively few. Winnemucca was highly regarded by the officers she worked for, and she included letters of recommendation from several of them in her 1883 book. Impressed by many of the officers, Winnemucca began to support the U.S. Army's position to have the military take over administration of the [[Indian reservations]], rather than political appointees.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}{{efn|After the 1870 [[Marias Massacre]] by U.S. Army forces in Montana, President Grant had promoted a peace policy, appointing [[Quakers|Quaker]] leaders as Indian agents to reservations and intending to eradicate problems of corruption that way.<ref>{{cite book |author=Utley, Robert M. |title=Frontier Regulars the United States Army and the Indian, 1866–1891|publisher=University of Nebraska Press |location=Lincoln, NE |pages=197–199, 213–214 |year=1973 |isbn=0-8032-9551-0|chapter=Grant's Peace Policy, 1869-74}}</ref>}}