Editing Samba (section)

=== Roots of Rio Carnival ===
During colonial Brazil, many public [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] events used to attract all social segments, including Black and enslaved peoples, who took advantage of the celebrations to make their own manifestations, such as the crowning revelry of the Congo kings and the cucumbis (Bantu revelry) in [[Rio de Janeiro]].{{sfn|Abreu|1994|pp=184–185}} Gradually, these exclusive celebrations of the black people were being disconnected from Catholicism ceremonies and changed to the [[Brazilian Carnival]].{{sfn|Lopes|2019|p=110}} From the cucumbis, the "Cariocas cordões" emerged, which presented elements of Brazilianness – like Black people in indigenous dress.{{sfn|Lopes|2019|p=110}} At the end of the 19th century, on the initiative of [[Hilário Jovino Ferreira|Hilário Jovino]], from Pernambuco, ranchos de reis (later known as carnival ranchos) emerged.{{sfn|Lopes|2019|pp=110–111}} One of the most important ranches in Rio's carnival was Ameno Resedá.{{sfn|Lopes|2019|p=111}} Created in 1907, the self-titled "rancho-escola" became a model for carnival performances in procession and for future samba schools born in the hills and suburbs of Rio.{{sfn|Lopes|2019|p=111}}