Editing Rules of chess (section)

====Basic moves====
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{{Chess diagram small
| tright
| Moves of the king
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |oo|oo|oo|
|  |  |  |  |oo|kl|oo|
|  |  |  |  |oo|oo|oo|
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
}}
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| tright
| Moves of a rook
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |
|oo|oo|oo|rl|oo|oo|oo|oo
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |

}}
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{{Chess diagram small
| tright
| Moves of a bishop
|oo|  |  |  |  |  |oo|
|  |oo|  |  |  |oo|  |
|  |  |oo|  |oo|  |  |
|  |  |  |bl|  |  |  |
|  |  |oo|  |oo|  |  |
|  |oo|  |  |  |oo|  |
|oo|  |  |  |  |  |oo|
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |oo

}}
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| tright
| Moves of the queen
|  |  |  |oo|  |  |  |oo
|oo|  |  |oo|  |  |oo|
|  |oo|  |oo|  |oo|  |
|  |  |oo|oo|oo|  |  |
|oo|oo|oo|ql|oo|oo|oo|oo
|  |  |oo|oo|oo|  |  |
|  |oo|  |oo|  |oo|  |
|oo|  |  |oo|  |  |oo|

}}
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 {{Chess diagram small
| tright
| Moves of a knight
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |oo|  |oo|  |  |
|  |oo|  |  |  |oo|  |
|  |  |  |nl|  |  |  |
|  |oo|  |  |  |oo|  |
|  |  |oo|  |oo|  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

}}
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| tright
| Moves of a pawn
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |rd|oo|rd|  |  |  |
|  |  |pl|  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |oo|  |  |
|  |  |  |  |oo|  |  |
|  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| The pawns can move to the squares in front of them (white dots). The pawn on c6 can also take either black rook.}}
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Each type of chess piece has its own method of movement. A piece moves to a vacant square except when {{chessgloss|capturing}} an opponent's piece.{{sfn|FIDE|2023|loc=articles 3.1 and 3.1.1}}

Except for any move of the knight and [[#Castling|castling]], pieces cannot jump over other pieces. A piece is ''captured'' (or ''taken'') when an attacking enemy piece replaces it on its square. The captured piece is thereby permanently removed from the game.{{efn|When [[promotion (chess)|promoting]] a pawn, a piece previously captured and removed from the board is often used as the "new" promoted piece. The new piece is nevertheless regarded as distinct from the original captured piece; the physical piece is used simply for convenience. Moreover, the player's choice for promotion is not restricted to pieces that were previously captured.{{sfn|FIDE|2023|loc=articles 3.7.3.3 and 3.7.3.4}}}} The king can be put in [[check (chess)|check]] but cannot be captured (see below).
* The [[King (chess)|king]] moves exactly one square adjacent to it. A special move with the king known as ''[[#Castling|castling]]'' is allowed only once per player, per game (see below).
* A [[Rook (chess)|rook]] moves any number of vacant squares horizontally or vertically. It also is moved when castling.
* A [[Bishop (chess)|bishop]] moves any number of vacant squares diagonally. (Thus a bishop can move to only light or dark squares, not both.)
* The [[Queen (chess)|queen]] moves any number of vacant squares horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.
* A [[Knight (chess)|knight]] moves to one of the nearest squares not on the same {{chessgloss|rank}}, {{chessgloss|file}}, or {{chessgloss|diagonal}}. (This can be thought of as moving two squares horizontally then one square vertically, or moving one square horizontally then two squares vertically—i.e. in an "L" pattern.) The knight is not blocked by other pieces; it jumps to the new location.
* [[Pawn (chess)|Pawns]] have the most complex rules of movement:
:* A pawn moves straight forward one square, if that square is vacant. If it has not yet moved, a pawn also has the option of moving {{em|two}} squares straight forward, provided both squares are vacant. Pawns cannot move backwards.
:* A pawn, unlike other pieces, captures differently from how it moves. A pawn can capture an enemy piece on either of the two squares diagonally in front of the pawn. It cannot move to those squares when vacant except when capturing ''en passant''.
: The pawn is also involved in the two special moves [[#En passant|''en passant'']] and [[#Promotion|promotion]].<ref>{{Harvcol|Schiller|2003|pp=17–19}}</ref>
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