Editing Royal Ulster Constabulary (section)

===Reform===
The high level of civil unrest led to an exhaustive inquiry into the disturbances in Northern Ireland carried out by [[Leslie Scarman, Baron Scarman|Lord Scarman]], which produced a report in 1972.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11108227 |title=Scarman Report on violence and civil disturbances in Northern Ireland in 1969 |date=4 April 1972 |website=discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk |publisher=The National Archives |access-date=16 September 2017 |archive-date=16 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916053249/http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C11108227 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[James Callaghan]], [[Home Secretary]] in 1969, called on Brigadier [[John Hunt, Baron Hunt|John Hunt]] (Lord Hunt) to assess, advise and report on the policing situation. He was assisted in this task by Sir [[Robert Mark]], who later became [[Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis|Commissioner]] of the [[Metropolitan Police Service]], and Sir James Robertson, then-[[Chief Constable]] of [[City of Glasgow Police|Glasgow]]. The [[Hunt Report]] was published on 3 October 1969, and most of its recommendations were subsequently accepted and implemented. The aim was to completely reorganise the RUC, both modernizing the force and bringing it into line with the other police forces in the UK. This meant the introduction of the [[UK police ranks|British rank and promotion structure]],<ref name=cain-hunt-rpt-rec11>{{cite web|author1=Baron Hunt|author-link=John Hunt, Baron Hunt|title=Report of The Advisory Committee on Police in Northern Ireland|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/hunt.htm|publisher=[[Her Majesty's Stationery Office]]|access-date=25 February 2015|location=Belfast|date=October 1969|via=[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]] @ cain.ulst.ac.uk|quote=(11) The rank structure should be reviewed (paragraph 97).|archive-date=20 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220052147/http://www.cain.ulst.ac.uk/hmso/hunt.htm|url-status=live}} (Extract-chapters 1.General Considerations about our Mission) & 10.Conclusions and Recommendations, ''only'')</ref> the creation of 12 [[Police Division]]s and 39 Sub-Divisions, the disbandment of the Ulster Special Constabulary,<ref name=bbc-otd-10oct>{{cite news|title=1969: Ulster's B Specials to be disbanded|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/10/newsid_3146000/3146929.stm|access-date=12 March 2014|work=On This Day-10 October|publisher=BBC|archive-date=13 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113183328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/10/newsid_3146000/3146929.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> and the creation of a [[Police Authority]] designed to be representative of all segments of the community.<ref name=hmso-hunt-rpt-rec02>[[Hunt Report]]–Summary of Recommendations: (2) "There should be a Police Authority for Northern Ireland, whose membership should reflect the proportions of different groups in the community (paragraphs 87,88)."</ref>

Callaghan, later elected Prime Minister, asked Sir [[Arthur Young (police officer)|Arthur Young]], Commissioner of the [[City of London Police]], to be seconded for a year. Young's appointment began the long process of turning the RUC into a British police service. The RUC Reserve was formed as an [[auxiliary police]] force, and all military-style duties were handed over to the newly formed [[Ulster Defence Regiment]], which was under military command and replaced the B Specials. Callaghan selected Young, a career policeman, because no other British policeman could match his direct experience of policing acutely unstable societies and of reforming [[gendarmerie]]s. from 1943 to 1945, he was Director of Public Safety and Director of Security in the military government of Allied-occupied Italy. Later, he had been seconded to the [[Federation of Malaya]] at the height of the [[Malayan Emergency]] (1952–53) and to the crown colony of [[Kenya]] during the [[Mau Mau rebellion]] (1954).<ref>[http://www.psni.police.uk/index/pg_police_museum/pg_academic_research/pg_sir_arthur_young.htm Sir Arthur Young biodata], psni.police.uk; accessed 21 February 2014. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308000853/http://www.psni.police.uk/index/pg_police_museum/pg_academic_research/pg_sir_arthur_young.htm |date=8 March 2008 }}</ref>