Editing Ripon (section)

===Civil War and Restoration===
[[File:Thorpe Prebend House.jpg|thumb|left|The house where Stuart King [[James VI and I|James I]] stayed in 1617]]
Ripon replaced its old textiles industry with one for the manufacture of [[spur]]s during the 16th century.{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=45}} They were so widely known that they gave rise to the [[proverb]] "as true steel as Ripon Rowels".<ref>{{cite web|url =http://www.oldtowns.co.uk/Yorkshire/ripon.htm|title =Ripon|publisher =Old Towns of England|access-date =1 February 2009|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070927011849/http://www.oldtowns.co.uk/Yorkshire/ripon.htm|archive-date =27 September 2007|url-status =live}}</ref> At the time, spurs did not just serve as functional [[Equestrianism|riding]] accessories, they were also fashionable; an expensive pair was made for King [[James VI and I|James I]] when he stayed at Ripon in 1617.{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=43}} It was James who granted Ripon a [[Royal Charter]] in 1604 and created the first Mayor of Ripon.<ref name="timeline">{{cite web|url =http://www.visitripon.org/history/ripon_timeline.html|title =Ripon Timeline|publisher =VisitRipon.org|access-date =1 February 2009|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20090101091605/http://www.visitripon.org/history/ripon_timeline.html|archive-date =1 January 2009|url-status =live}}</ref> After the [[Bishops' Wars]] in Scotland, a [[Treaty of Ripon|treaty]] was signed at Ripon in 1640 to stop the conflict between [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] and the Scottish [[Covenanter]]s.{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=75}} Although Ripon was not in the main line of fighting which was to the east, it remained loyal and [[cavalier|royalist]] during the [[English Civil War]].{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=75}} There was an incident in 1643, when [[roundheads|parliamentarian]] forces under [[Thomas Mauleverer]] entered Ripon and damaged the Minster, but [[John Mallory]] and the royalist forces soon settled the matter after a skirmish in the Market Place.{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=75}} The royalists were eventually defeated in the Civil War and Charles I spent two nights as a prisoner in Ripon.{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=75}} [[Oliver Cromwell]] visited the city twice on his way to battle, once on the way to the [[Battle of Preston (1648)|Preston]] and also on the way to the [[Battle of Worcester]].{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=75}}

[[File:Studley Royal, Ripon.jpg|thumb|right|[[Studley Royal Park]]]]
[[File:Freemantle Terrace - geograph.org.uk - 644033.jpg|thumb|Freemantle Terrace]]
By the time of the [[English Restoration]], several strains of [[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|non-conformist]] Christian practices had appeared, although they were not common in Ripon, the majority of people being [[Anglicans]] with a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] minority.{{sfn|Thomson|1978|pp=75–76}} After the [[Glorious Revolution|Revolution of 1688]], which overthrew [[James II of England|James II]], there were [[Jacobite risings]] in the [[British Isles]]; some Riponmen were jailed in February 1746 upon "suspicion of corresponding with Prince [[Charles Edward Stuart]]".{{sfn|Thomson|1978|p=76}} The founder of [[Methodism]], [[John Wesley]], preached in Ripon and a small community of followers was established.{{sfn|Thomson|1978|pp=76–77}} During the [[Georgian era]] Ripon, unlike several other cities, was not significantly affected by the [[Industrial Revolution]] despite the existence of various [[guild]]s. Although more widely known for his activities outside of Ripon, [[John Aislabie]], during his time as Member of Parliament for Ripon, created the [[Studley Royal Park]] with its [[water garden]] and erected the [[Ripon Obelisk]] (designed by [[Nicholas Hawksmoor]]).<ref name="engineering_timeline">{{cite web|url=http://www.engineering-timelines.com/scripts/engineeringItem.asp?id=165|title=Engineering timelines|publisher=engineering-timelines.com|access-date=24 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307231609/http://www.engineering-timelines.com/scripts/engineeringItem.asp?id=165|archive-date=7 March 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="timeline"/> [[Newby Hall]] was also created during this period by [[Christopher Wren]].<ref name="timeline" />