Editing Rio de Janeiro (section)

=== Imperial period ===
{{multiple image
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| image1            = Nicola Antonio Facchinetti - Enseada do Botafogo.JPG
| caption1          = Botafogo Bay in 1869
| image2            = Rio de janeiro 1889 01.jpg
| caption2          = Botafogo Bay in 1889
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When [[Pedro I of Brazil|Prince Pedro]] proclaimed the [[Brazilian Declaration of Independence|independence of Brazil]] in 1822, he decided to keep Rio de Janeiro as the capital of his [[Empire of Brazil|new empire]] while the place was enriched with sugar cane agriculture in the Campos region and, especially, with the new coffee cultivation in the [[Paraíba Valley]].<ref name="HCRJ" /> In order to separate the province from the capital of the Empire, the city was converted in Neutral Municipality in 1834, passing the [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|province of Rio de Janeiro]] to have [[Niterói]] as capital.<ref name="HCRJ" />

As a political center of the country, Rio concentrated the political-partisan life of the Empire. It was the main stage of the abolitionist and republican movements in the last half of the 19th century.<ref name="HCRJ" /> At that time the number of slaves was drastically reduced and the city was developed, with modern drains, animal trams, train stations crossing the city, gas and electric lighting, telephone and telegraph wiring, water and river plumbing.<ref name="HCRJ" /> Rio continued as the capital of Brazil after 1889, when the monarchy was [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|replaced]] by a republic.

On 6 February 1889 the Bangu Textile Factory was founded, with the name of Industrial Progress Company of Brazil (Companhia Progresso Industrial do Brasil). The factory was officially opened on 8 March 1893, in a complex with varying architectural styles like [[Italianate architecture|Italianate]], [[Gothic Revival architecture|Neo-Gothic]] and a tower in [[Mansard roof|Mansard Roof]] style. After the opening in 1893, workers from [[Great Britain]] arrived in Bangu to work in the textile factory. The old farms became worker villages with red-bricks houses, and a neo-gothic church was created, which still exists as the Saint Sebastian and Saint Cecilia Parish Church. Street cinemas and cultural buildings also appeared. In May 1894, [[Thomas Donohoe]], a British worker from [[Busby, East Renfrewshire|Busby]], Scotland, arrived in Bangu.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Who is the true father of football in Brazil? |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/24537173 |access-date=25 November 2015 |archive-date=1 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101115817/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/24537173 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Donohoe was amazed to discover that there was absolutely no knowledge of football among Brazilians. So he wrote to his wife, Elizabeth, asking her to bring a football when she joined him. And shortly after her arrival, in September 1894, the first football match in Brazil took place in the field beside the textile factory. It was a five-a-side match between British workers, and took place six months before the first game organized by [[Charles William Miller|Charles Miller]] in São Paulo. However, the Bangu Football Club was not formally created until 1904.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangu Athletic Club History [Portuguese] |url=http://www.bangu-ac.com.br/historia.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101115818/http://www.bangu-ac.com.br/historia.htm |archive-date=1 January 2016}}</ref>