Editing Rimini (section)

=== Modern history ===
The troops of [[Joachim Murat]], [[Kingdom of Naples (Napoleonic)|King of Naples]], marched through Rimini on 30 March 1815.<ref name="Ponte-2015">{{Cite web |last= |date=6 May 2015 |title=Il proclama di Rimini |trans-title=The Rimini Proclamation |url=https://www.ilponte.com/il-proclama-di-rimini/ |access-date=18 January 2024 |website=Il Ponte |language=it-IT}}</ref> In a last attempt to gain allies before his defeat in the [[Neapolitan War]],<ref name="Sacco-2020">{{Cite web |last=Sacco |first=Antonio |date=30 May 2020 |title=Unificare l'Italia, il sogno di Murat |trans-title=Unifying Italy, Murat's dream |url=https://napoli.corriere.it/notizie/cronaca/20_maggio_30/unificare-l-italia-sogno-murat-5de17248-a286-11ea-a5d1-29996a211afa.shtml |access-date=18 January 2024 |website=[[Corriere della Sera]] |language=it-IT}}</ref> Murat published the [[Rimini Proclamation]], one of the earliest calls for [[Unification of Italy|Italian unification]].<ref name="Ponte-2015" /><ref name="Sacco-2020" /> In 1845, a band of adventurers commanded by Ribbotti entered the city and proclaimed a constitution which was soon abolished. In 1860, Rimini and Romagna were incorporated into the [[Kingdom of Italy]].

The city was transformed after the 1843 founding of the first bathing establishment and the Kursaal, a building constructed to host sumptuous social events, became the symbol of Rimini's status as a tourist resort. In just a few years, the seafront underwent considerable development work, making Rimini 'the city of small villas'.

During [[World War I]], Rimini and its surrounding infrastructure was one of the primary targets of the [[Austro-Hungarian]] Navy. After Italy's declaration of war on 15 May 1915, the Austro-Hungarian fleet left its harbours the same day and started its assault on the Adriatic coast between [[Venice]] and [[Barletta]].{{Cn|date=March 2024}} The [[1916 Rimini earthquakes]], on 17 May and 16 August, led to the demolition of 615 buildings in the city, with many historic churches severely damaged.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Masini |first=Manlio |date=10 August 2021 |title=Il terremoto dell'agosto 1916: paura, sofferenza e solidarietà |trans-title=The earthquake of August 1916: fear, suffering and solidarity |url=https://www.corriereromagna.it/archivio/il-terremoto-dellagosto-1916-paura-sofferenza-e-solidarieta-BWCR256896 |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=[[Corriere Romagna]] |language=it-IT}}</ref> 4,174 people were displaced between Rimini and [[Riccione]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=7 December 2023 |title=8 dicembre 1916 - Legge speciale per Rimini distrutta dal terremoto |trans-title=8 December 1916 – Special law for Rimini destroyed by the earthquake |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/8-dicembre-1916-legge-speciale-per-rimini-distrutta-dal-terremoto/ |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bucci |first=Sara |date=17 May 2016 |title=Cent'anni fa il terremoto che distrusse Rimini |trans-title=One hundred years ago, the earthquake that destroyed Rimini |url=https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/attualita-c4/cent-anni-fa-terremoto-distrusse-rimini-a58454 |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=[[San Marino RTV]] |language=it-SM}}</ref> On 19 October 1922, Riccione was separated from Rimini to form a separate {{Lang|it|comune}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Conti |first=Enea |date=10 July 2022 |title=Riccione, la "festa infinita" per i cento anni del Comune |trans-title=Riccione: The "endless celebration" for the hundred years of the municipality |url=https://corrieredibologna.corriere.it/bologna/cultura-spettacoli/22_ottobre_07/riccione-festa-infinita-cento-anni-dell-indipendenza-75d27dd0-465c-11ed-be44-64ac267318cb.shtml |access-date=14 December 2023 |website=Corriere di Bologna |language=it-IT}}</ref>
[[File:Arco_d'Augusto_Rimini_1944.jpg|thumb|A tank in front of the [[Arch of Augustus (Rimini)|Arch of Augustus]], 1944]]
In [[World War II]], Rimini suffered sustained [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] [[Airstrike|aerial bombardment]] from November 1943 until its liberation on 21 September 1944.<ref name="Gambetti-2023a">{{Cite web |last=Gambetti |first=Nicola |date=20 June 2023 |title=Monumenti sopravvissuti: l'Arco d'Augusto |trans-title=Surviving monuments: The Arch of Augustus |url=https://riminisparita.it/monumenti-sopravvissuti-larco-daugusto/ |access-date=16 January 2024 |website=Rimini Sparita |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name="Susini-2016">{{Cite journal |last=Susini |first=Daniele |date=6 July 2016 |title=Guerra sul confine orientale della linea gotica: il caso Rimini |trans-title=War on the eastern border of the Gothic line: The Rimini case |url=https://www.novecento.org/dossier/la-linea-gotica-fra-ricerca-e-didattica/guerra-sul-confine-orientale-della-linea-gotica-il-caso-rimini/ |language=it-IT |volume=6 |doi=10.12977/nov129 |issn=2283-6837 |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Novecento.org|doi-access=free }}</ref> 82% of Rimini's buildings were destroyed, the highest figure among Italian cities with over 50,000 inhabitants.<ref name="Gambetti-2023a" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=La Linea Gotica |trans-title=The Gothic Line |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/la-linea-gotica.html |access-date=17 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it-IT}}</ref> Around 55,000 refugees fled to the north, to the hinterland, and to San Marino,<ref name="Susini-2016" /><ref name="Citta-2024">{{Cite web |title=La Linea Gotica |trans-title=The Gothic Line |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/la-linea-gotica.html |access-date=17 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it-IT}}</ref> where they sheltered in the country's [[Rimini–San Marino railway|railway tunnels]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=12 June 2023 |title=12 giugno 1932 - Viene inaugurata la ferrovia Rimini - San Marino |trans-title=12 June 1932: The Rimini–San Marino railway was opened |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/12-giugno-1932-viene-inaugurata-la-ferrovia-rimini-san-marino/ |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Giuliani-Balestrino |first=Maria Clotilde |date=2005 |title=La superstrada Rimini-San Marino |trans-title=The Rimini-San Marino railway |url=https://studiericerche.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Giuliani-Balestrino-1-4.pdf |journal=Studi e Ricerche di Geografia |language=it-IT |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=1–4}}</ref> As the Allied frontline approached the city, [[Naval gunfire support|naval bombardment]] followed,<ref name="Susini-2016" /> and remaining citizens hid in makeshift shelters or in caves by the Covignano hill.<ref name="Susini-2016" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2022 |title=21 settembre 1944 - Rimini liberata |trans-title=21 September 1944 – Rimini liberated |url=https://archivio.chiamamicitta.it/21-settembre-1944-rimini-liberata/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Chiamamicitta |language=it-IT}}</ref> [[Italian resistance movement|Partisan resistance]] was also notable in Rimini, with official reports of 400 young people involved in resistance cells. On 16 August 1944, three partisans were hanged in Rimini's central square, which would later be renamed in their honour.<ref name="Citta-2024" /> The [[Battle of Rimini (1944)|Battle of Rimini]] was a major engagement in the [[Gothic Line]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Montemaggi |first=Andrea |title=Gli alleati conquistano Rimini |trans-title=The Allies conquer Rimini |url=https://www.rotaryrimini.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Ariminum-Settembre-Ottobre-2014.pdf |journal=Ariminum |series=September–October 2014 |language=it-IT |publisher=[[Rotary International|Rotary Club Rimini]] |pages=6–7}}</ref> [[Oliver Leese]], the British [[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|Eighth Army]]'s commander, called the advance to liberate Rimini "one of the hardest battles of the Eighth Army ... comparable to [[Battle of El Alamein|El Alamein]], [[Battle of the Mareth Line|Mareth]], and the [[Gustav Line]] ([[Battle of Monte Cassino|Monte Cassino]])".<ref>{{Cite book |last=McKelvey Cleaver |first=Thomas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNN1CwAAQBAJ |title=The Bridgebusters: The True Story of the Catch-22 Bomb Wing |date=10 May 2016 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-1-62157-543-6 |pages=156 |language=en}}</ref> Within 37 days of the battle, over 10,000 soldiers had died between the Allied and [[Axis powers|Axis]] forces.<ref>{{Cite web |title=I Cimiteri di Guerra tra Romagna e Marche |trans-title=The War Cemeteries between Romagna and the Marche |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/un-itinerario/i-cimiteri-di-guerra.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it}}</ref> For its role in liberating Rimini, the [[3rd Greek Mountain Brigade]] was awarded the honorific title "Rimini Brigade".<ref>{{Cite web |title=I Cimiteri di Guerra tra Romagna e Marche |trans-title=The War Cemeteries between Romagna and the Marche |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/un-itinerario/i-cimiteri-di-guerra.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it}}</ref> 1,939 Allied soldiers,<ref name="Terre di Coriano-2024">{{Cite web |title=Cimitero di guerra inglese |trans-title=English War Cemetery |url=https://terredicoriano.it/scoprire/cimitero-di-guerra-inglese/ |access-date=8 March 2024 |website=Terre di Coriano |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name="War Graves-2024">{{Cite web |title=Coriano Ridge War Cemetery |url=https://www.cwgc.org/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2004100/coriano-ridge-war-cemetery/ |access-date=8 March 2024 |website=[[Commonwealth War Graves]]}}</ref> of which 1,413 are British,<ref name="Terre di Coriano-2024" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zaghini |first=Paolo |date=19 May 2020 |title=I cimiteri di guerra in Romagna: Le vicende del Coriano Ridge War Cemetery |trans-title=The war cemeteries in Romagna: The case of the Coriano Ridge War Cemetery |url=https://e-review.it/zaghini-cimiteri-di-guerra-in-romagna |journal=E-Review: Rivista degli Istituti Storici dell'Emilia-Romagna in Rete |volume=7 |language=it-IT |doi=10.12977/ereview285 |issn=2282-4979|doi-access=free }}</ref> were buried in the [[Coriano Ridge War Cemetery]] in [[Coriano]].<ref name="Terre di Coriano-2024" /><ref name="War Graves-2024" /> 114 Greek soldiers were buried in a cemetery in Riccione's Fontanelle area,<ref>{{Cite web |title=I Cimiteri di Guerra tra Romagna e Marche |trans-title=The War Cemeteries between Romagna and the Marche |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/un-itinerario/i-cimiteri-di-guerra.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cicchetti |first=Stefano |date=21 September 2021 |title=Chi erano i Greci che liberarono Rimini |trans-title=Who were the Greeks who liberated Rimini? |url=https://archivio.chiamamicitta.it/chi-erano-i-greci-che-liberarono-rimini/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Chiamamicitta |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2018 |title=Riccione. Seconda guerra mondiale, commemorazione dei militari greci morti per liberare il Riminese |trans-title=Riccione, Second World War: Commemoration of the Greek soldiers who died to liberate the Rimini area |url=https://lapiazzarimini.it/2018/riccione-seconda-guerra-mondiale-commemorazione-dei-militari-greci-morti-per-liberare-il-riminese/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Piazza |language=it-IT}}</ref> and an Indian cemetery with 618 burials is located on the [[San Marino Highway]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=I Cimiteri di Guerra tra Romagna e Marche |trans-title=The War Cemeteries between Romagna and the Marche |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/un-itinerario/i-cimiteri-di-guerra.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it}}</ref>

Following Rimini's liberation, reconstruction work began, culminating in huge development of the tourist industry in the city.