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Richard III of England
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===Exile and return=== During the latter part of Edward IV's reign, Richard demonstrated his loyalty to the king,{{sfnp|Hicks|2009|p=75}} in contrast to their brother George who had allied himself with the Earl of Warwick when the latter rebelled towards the end of the 1460s.{{sfnp|Hicks|2004|ps=. "After 1466 Clarence was not the ally for which Edward IV had presumably hoped. He embroiled himself in a dangerous feud in the north midlands and associated himself politically with Warwick, who graduated from direction of Edward's affairs in the early 1460s to outright opposition."}} Following Warwick's 1470 rebellion, before which he had made peace with Margaret of Anjou and promised the restoration of Henry VI to the English throne, Richard, the Baron Hastings and [[Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers]], escaped capture at [[Doncaster]] by Warwick's brother, [[John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu]].{{sfnp|Ross|1974|p=152}} On 2 October they sailed from [[King's Lynn]] in two ships; Edward landed at [[Marsdiep]] and Richard at [[Zeeland]].{{sfnp|Ross|1981|p=19}} It was said that, having left England in such haste as to possess almost nothing, Edward was forced to pay their passage with his fur cloak; certainly, Richard borrowed three pounds from Zeeland's town bailiff.{{sfnp|Lulofs|1974}} They were [[attainted]] by Warwick's only Parliament on 26 November.{{sfnp|Ross|1974|p=155}} They resided in [[Bruges]] with [[Louis de Gruuthuse|Louis de Gruthuse]], who had been the Burgundian Ambassador to Edward's court,{{sfnp|Ross|1974|p=153}} but it was not until [[Louis XI of France]] declared war on Burgundy that Charles, Duke of Burgundy, assisted their return,{{sfnp|Ross|1974|p=159}} providing, along with the [[Hanseatic League|Hanseatic merchants]], 20,000 [[Pound sterling|pounds]], 36 ships and 1,200 men. They left [[Vlissingen|Flushing]] for England on 11 March 1471.{{sfnp|Ross|1974|p=160}} Warwick's arrest of local sympathisers prevented them from landing in Yorkist East Anglia and on 14 March, after being separated in a storm, their ships ran ashore at [[Holderness]].{{sfnp|Ross|1974|p=161}} The town of [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]] refused Edward entry. He gained entry to York by using the same claim as [[Henry of Bolingbroke]] had before deposing Richard II in 1399; that is, that he was merely reclaiming the Dukedom of York rather than the crown.{{sfnp|Ross|1974|p=163}}{{sfnp|Ross|1981|p=20}} It was in Edward's attempt to regain his throne that Richard began to demonstrate his skill as a military commander.{{sfnp|Hicks|2009|p=98}}
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