Editing Regional accents of English (section)

====Northern England====
The accents of [[English in northern England|Northern England]] have a range of regional variations.

[[Cumbrian dialect|Cumbria]] has regional variants in Western Cumbria ([[Workington]]), Southern Cumbria ([[Barrow-in-Furness]]), and [[Carlisle]].

[[Northumbrian dialect|Modern Northumbrian]] has local variants in Northern Northumberland ([[Berwick-upon-Tweed]]), Eastern Northumberland ([[Ashington]]) and [[Geordie|Newcastle]], [[Mackem|Sunderland]], and mid- and southern [[County Durham]]. A specialist dialect called [[Pitmatic]] is within this group, found across the region. It includes terms specific to coal mining.

[[Yorkshire dialect|Yorkshire]] is distinctive, having regional variants around [[Leeds]], [[Bradford]], [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], [[Middlesbrough]], [[Sheffield]], and [[York]]. Although many Yorkshire accents sound similar, accents in areas around Hull and Middlesbrough are markedly different. Due to this, the Middlesbrough accent is sometimes grouped, with modern Northumbrian accents being a midway between the two regions.

The Hull accent's rhythm is more like that of northern Lincolnshire than that of the rural East Riding, perhaps due to migration from Lincolnshire to the city during its industrial growth. One feature that it shares with the surrounding rural area is that an /aɪ/ sound in the middle of a word often becomes an /ɑː/, for example, "five" may sound like "fahve", and "time" like "tahme".

[[Lancashire dialect|Historic Lancashire]], with regional variants in [[Bolton]], [[Burnley]], [[Blackburn]], [[Manchester dialect|Manchester]], [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]], [[Blackpool]], [[Scouse|Liverpool]], and [[Wigan]]. Many of the Lancashire accents may sound similar to outsiders, with the exception of Manchester and Wigan, where an older dialect has been maintained.<ref>{{cite web|title = Speyk Wiganese: How the town of Wigan preserved its language through mining, pies and Facebook weather forecasts|website = inews.co.uk|url = https://inews.co.uk/news/uk/speyk-wiganese-how-the-town-of-wigan-preserved-its-language-through-mining-pies-and-facebook-weather-forecasts-399054|first = Jasmine |last=Andersson |date = 24 February 2020}}</ref>

The [[Liverpool]] accent, known as [[Scouse]], is an exception to the Lancashire regional variant of English. It has spread to some of the surrounding towns. Before the 1840s, Liverpool's accent was similar to others in Lancashire, though with some distinct features due to the city's proximity to [[Wales]]. The city's population of around 60,000 was swelled in the 1840s by the arrival of around 300,000 Irish refugees escaping the [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Famine]], as Liverpool was England's [[Port of Liverpool|main Atlantic port]] and a popular departure point for people leaving for a new life in the [[United States]]. While many of the Irish refugees moved away, a vast number remained in Liverpool and permanently influenced the local accent.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2005/01/11/voices_liverpoolaccent_feature.shtml  Paul Coslett, ''The origins of Scouse'', BBC Liverpool, 11 January 2005]. Retrieved 13 August 2018</ref>