Editing Railway platform (section)

==Safety==
Some metro stations have [[platform screen doors]] between the platforms and the tracks. They provide more safety, and they allow the heating or air conditioning in the station to be separated from the ventilation in the tunnel, thus being more efficient and effective. They have been installed in most stations of the [[Singapore]] [[Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)|MRT]] and the Hong Kong [[MTR]], and stations on the [[Jubilee Line Extension]] in London.

Platforms should be sloped upwards slightly towards the platform edge to prevent wheeled objects such as trolleys, prams and wheelchairs from rolling away and into the path of the train.{{citation needed|date=June 2012}} Many platforms have a cavity underneath an [[cantilever|overhanging edge]] so that people who may fall off the platform can seek shelter from incoming trains. 
[[File:Pasca S.40 PPKA PWT.jpg|thumb|[[Kereta Api Indonesia|Indonesian railway guard]] ( The one who wears a beret) on guard at the station platform ]]
For security against theft or to secure stowaways, some countries have special security officers stationed at stations, just like the police, but specifically for railways, For example, in [[Indonesia]] and [[Poland]], there are special [[Railway Security Guard|railway security]] officers. 

===High-speed rail===
[[File:Acela Kingston Station RI at 150 mph.webm|thumb|A train passing at {{convert|240|kph|mph|abbr=on}} with induced airflow and debris that affect the videographer on the platform]]
In [[high-speed rail]], passing trains are a significant safety problem as the safe distance from the platform edge increases with the speed of the passing train. A study done by the [[United States Department of Transportation]] in 1999 found that trains passing station platforms at speeds of {{convert|240|kph|mph}} can pose safety concerns to passengers on the platforms who are {{convert|2|m|ft}} away from the edge due to the aerodynamic effects created by pressure and induced airflow with speeds of {{convert|64|kph|mph}} to {{convert|95|kph|mph}} depending on the train body aerodynamic designs. Additionally, the airflow can cause debris to be blown out to the waiting passengers. If the passengers stand closer at {{convert|1|m|ft}}, the risk increases with airflow that can reach speeds of {{convert|79|kph|mph}} to {{convert|116|kph|mph}}.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lee|first1=Harvey Shui-Hong|title=Assessment of Potential Aerodynamic Effects on Personnel and Equipment in Proximity to High-Speed Train Operations|date=December 1999|publisher=United States Department of Transportation|url=https://ntl.bts.gov/lib/13000/13000/13047/ord9911.pdf|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>

[[File:Hamburg berlin track platform barriers.jpg|thumb|Platform barriers on the [[Berlin–Hamburg Railway|Berlin-Hamburg high speed line]]]]
In United Kingdom, a guideline for platform safety specifies that for the platforms with train passing speeds between {{convert|160|kph|mph}} and {{convert|200|kph|mph}}, there should be a yellow-line buffer zone of {{convert|1.5|m|ft}} and other warning signs. If trains can pass at speeds higher than {{convert|200|kph|mph}}, the platforms should be inaccessible to passengers unless there are waiting rooms or screened areas to provide protection.<ref>{{cite book|title=Guidance on Interface between Station Platforms, Track and Trains|date=March 2014|publisher=Rail Safety and Standards Board Limited|edition=2|url=https://www.rssb.co.uk/rgs/standards/GIGN7616%20Iss%202.pdf|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref> The [[European Union]] has a regulation for platforms that are close to tracks with train passing speeds of {{convert|250|kph|mph}} or more should not be accessible to passengers unless there is a lower speed limit for trains that intend to stop at the station or there are barriers to limit access.<ref>{{cite book|title=2002/732/EC: Commission Decision of 30 May 2002 concerning the technical specification for interoperability relating to the infrastructure subsystem of the trans-European high-speed rail system referred to in Article 6(1) of Council Directive 96/48/EC|date=9 December 2002|publisher=The European Union|pages=143–279|edition=Official Journal L 245|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32002D0732|access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://theindiantrain.blogspot.com/2021/11/platform-locator.html|title=Train Platform Locator|publisher=Indian Train|access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref>

===Markings===
[[File:Mind the gap.jpg|thumb|right|A common marking at curved platforms on the [[London Underground]].]]
Platforms usually have some form of warnings or measures to keep passengers away from the tracks. The simplest measure is markings near the edge of the platform to demarcate the distance back that passengers should remain. Often a special tiled surface is used as well as a painted line, to help blind people using a walking aid, and help in preventing wheelchairs from rolling too near the platform edge.

In the US, [[Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990]] regulations require a detectable warning strip {{convert|24|in|cm}} wide, consisting of truncated dome bumps in a visually-contrasting color, for the full length of the platform.<ref>[http://www.ada.gov/regs2010/2010ADAStandards/2010ADAStandards.pdf 2010 ADA Standards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161118030224/https://www.ada.gov/regs2010/2010ADAStandards/2010ADAStandards.pdf |date=2016-11-18 }}, US Department of Justice, Sections 710.5, 810</ref>

=== Curvature ===
{{See also|Platform gap|Platform gap filler}}
Ideally platforms should be straight or slightly [[convex curve|convex]], so that the guard (if any) can see the whole train when preparing to close the doors. Platforms that have great curvature have blind spots that create a safety hazard. Mirrors or [[Closed-circuit television|closed-circuit camera]]s may be used in these cases to view the whole platform. Also passenger carriages are straight, so doors will not always open directly onto a curved platform &ndash; often a [[platform gap]] is present. Usually such platforms will have warning signs, possibly auditory, such as [[London Underground]]'s famous phrase "[[Mind the gap]]".

There may be moveable [[Platform gap filler|gap filler]] sections within the platform, extending once the train has stopped and retracting after the doors have closed. The [[New York City Subway]] employs these at [[14th Street–Union Square (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)|14th Street–Union Square]] on the [[IRT Lexington Avenue Line]] and at [[Times Square (IRT 42nd Street Shuttle)|Times Square]] on the [[42nd Street Shuttle]], and formerly at the [[South Ferry loops (New York City Subway)|South Ferry]] outer loop station on the [[IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line]].