Editing Pulse (section)

===Volume===
The degree of expansion displayed by artery during diastolic and systolic state is called volume. It is also known as amplitude, expansion or size of pulse.

====Hypokinetic pulse====
A weak pulse signifies narrow [[pulse pressure]]. It may be due to low [[cardiac output]] (as seen in [[Shock (circulatory)|shock]], [[congestive cardiac failure]]), [[hypovolemia]], [[valvular heart disease]] (such as [[aortic stenosis|aortic outflow tract obstruction]], [[mitral stenosis]], [[aortic arch syndrome]]) etc.

====Hyperkinetic pulse====
A bounding pulse signifies high pulse pressure. It may be due to low [[peripheral resistance]] (as seen in [[fever]], [[anemia]], [[thyrotoxicosis]], {{Interlanguage link multi|hyperkinetic heart syndrome|de|3=hyperkinetisches Herzsyndrom}}, [[Arteriovenous fistula|A-V fistula]], [[Paget's disease of bone|Paget's disease]], [[beriberi]], [[liver cirrhosis]]), increased cardiac output, increased [[stroke volume]] (as seen in anxiety, exercise, [[complete heart block]], [[aortic regurgitation]]), decreased distensibility of arterial system (as seen in [[atherosclerosis]], [[hypertension]] and [[coarctation of aorta]]).

The strength of the pulse can also be reported:<ref name="urlwww.meddean.luc.edu">{{cite web |url=http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/Medicine/pulmonar/pd/step5b.htm |title=www.meddean.luc.edu |access-date=2009-05-20 |archive-date=2008-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907071727/http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/meded/medicine/pulmonar/pd/step5b.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="urlVascular Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine">{{cite web |url=http://www.kumc.edu/vsurg/eval.htm |title=Vascular Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine |access-date=2009-05-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090204080517/http://www.kumc.edu/vsurg/eval.htm |archive-date=2009-02-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 0 = Absent
* 1 = Barely palpable
* 2 = Easily palpable
* 3 = Full
* 4 = Aneurysmal or [[bounding pulse]]