Editing Postpartum depression (section)

==Onset and duration ==
Postpartum depression onset usually begins between two weeks to a month after delivery.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.umm.edu/pregnancy/000118.htm | title = Postpartum Depression | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120225024657/http://www.umm.edu/pregnancy/000118.htm | archive-date=2012-02-25 | work = Pregnancy Guide | vauthors = Chen PJ | publisher = Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. | access-date = 22 October 2008 }}</ref> A study done at an inner-city mental health clinic has shown that 50% of postpartum depressive episodes began before delivery.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yonkers KA, Ramin SM, Rush AJ, Navarrete CA, Carmody T, March D, Heartwell SF, Leveno KJ | title = Onset and persistence of postpartum depression in an inner-city maternal health clinic system | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 158 | issue = 11 | pages = 1856–1863 | date = November 2001 | pmid = 11691692 | doi = 10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1856 }}</ref> In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ([[DSM-5]]) PPD is not recognized as a distinct condition but rather a specific type of a major depressive episode. In the DSM-5, the specifier "with peripartum onset" can be applied to a major depressive episode if the onset occurred either during pregnancy or within the four weeks following delivery.<ref name=":3">{{Citation |title=Depressive Disorders |date=2022-03-18 |work=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |url=https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787.x04_Depressive_Disorders |access-date=2024-12-02 |series=DSM Library |publisher=American Psychiatric Association Publishing |doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787.x04_depressive_disorders |isbn=978-0-89042-575-6}}</ref> The prevalence of postpartum depression differs across different months after [[childbirth]]. Studies done on postpartum depression amongst women in the [[Middle East]] show that the prevalence in the first three months of postpartum was 31%, while the prevalence from the fourth to twelfth months of postpartum was 19%.<ref name="Alshikh_Ahmad_2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Alshikh Ahmad H, Alkhatib A, Luo J | title = Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression in the Middle East: a systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | volume = 21 | issue = 1 | page = 542 | date = August 2021 | pmid = 34362325 | pmc = 8343347 | doi = 10.1186/s12884-021-04016-9 | doi-access = free }}</ref> PPD may last several months or even a year.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cmha.ca/bins/content_page.asp?cid=3-86-87-88 | title = Canadian Mental Health Association > Post Partum Depression | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101021133909/http://cmha.ca/bins/content_page.asp?cid=3-86-87-88 | archive-date = 2010-10-21 | access-date = 13 June 2010 }}</ref>