Editing Poland Is Not Yet Lost (section)

== Music ==
{{Listen|type=music
| filename     = Mazurek Dąbrowskiego (official instrumental).oga
| title        = Orchestral instrumental recording}}
The melody of the Polish anthem is a lively and rhythmical [[mazurka]]. Mazurka as a musical form derives from the stylization of traditional melodies for the folk dances of [[Mazovia]], a region in central Poland. It is characterized by a [[triple meter]] and strong accents placed irregularly on the second or third beat. Considered one of Poland's national dances in pre-partition times, it owes its popularity in 19th-century [[Western Europe]]an [[ballroom]]s to the [[List of compositions by Frédéric Chopin#Mazurkas|mazurkas]] of [[Frédéric Chopin]].<ref>{{cite web|location=Los Angeles|publisher=Polish Music Center. [[USC Thornton School of Music]]|work=Polish Dance in Southern California|last=Trochimczyk|first=Maja|author-link=Maja Trochimczyk|title=Mazur (Mazurka)|year=2000|url=http://www.usc.edu/dept/polish_music/dance/mazur.html <!-- the previous url www.fiu.edu/~kneskij/mazurka/ is a dead link and archive doesn't have copyright year like replacement url -->|access-date=18 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130226044901/http://www.usc.edu/dept/polish_music/dance/mazur.html|archive-date=26 February 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The composer of "{{lang|pl|Mazurek Dąbrowskiego|italic=no}}" is not known. The melody is most probably Wybicki's adaptation of a folk tune that had already been popular during the second half of the 18th century. The composition used to be erroneously attributed to [[Michał Kleofas Ogiński]] who was known to have written a [[march (music)|march]] for Dąbrowski's legions. Several historians confused Ogiński's "{{lang|fr|Marche pour les Légions polonaises|italic=no}}" ('March for the Polish Legions') with Wybicki's mazurka, possibly due to the mazurka's chorus "March, march, Dąbrowski", until Ogiński's sheet music for the march was discovered in 1938 and proven to be a different piece of music than Poland's national anthem.<ref name=kuczyn/>

The first composer to use the anthem for an artistical music piece is always stated to be [[Karol Kurpiński]]. In 1821 he composed his piano/organ [[Fugue]] on "Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła" (it was published in 1821 in Warsaw; the first modern edition by Rostislaw Wygranienko was printed only in 2009).<ref>{{cite web|work=Culture.pl|location=Warsaw, PL|publisher=[[Adam Mickiewicz Institute]]|date=October 2006|last=Kosińska|first=Małgorzata|title=Karol Kurpiński|url=https://culture.pl/en/artist/karol-kurpinski|access-date=18 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017112520/http://www.culture.pl/web/english/resources-music-full-page/-/eo_event_asset_publisher/eAN5/content/karol-kurpinski|archive-date=17 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|location=Lublin, PL|publisher=Polihymnia|year=2009|language=pl|editor-last=Wygranienko|editor-first=Rostislaw
|last=Kurpiński|first=Karol|author-link=Karol Kurpiński
|title=Jeszcze Polska nie zginela. Fuga (1821) na fortepian lub organy
|trans-title=Keyboard Fugue (1821) on Polish National Anthem
|ismn= 979-0-9013342-6-7}}</ref> However, [[Karol Lipiński]] used it in an overture for his opera ''[[Kłótnia przez zakład]]'' composed and staged in [[Lviv]] {{circa|1812}}.<ref name="Puslowski2014">{{cite book|author=Xavier Jon Puslowski|title=Franz Liszt, His Circle, and His Elusive Oratorio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NLqCBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA42|date=9 September 2014|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-1-4422-3803-9|pages=42–43, 49}}</ref>

{{ill|Wojciech Sowiński|pl}} was the next who arranged "{{lang|pl|Mazurek Dąbrowskiego|italic=no}}" for the piano. The arrangement, accompanied by the lyrics in Polish and French, was published 1829 in Paris.<ref name=kuczyn/> German composers who were moved by the suffering of the [[November Uprising]] wove the mazurek into their works. Examples include Richard Wagner's [[Polonia (Wagner)|Polonia Overture]] and [[Albert Lortzing]]'s ''Der Pole und sein Kind''.

The current official musical score of the national anthem was arranged by [[Kazimierz Sikorski]] and published by the Polish [[Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (Poland)|Ministry of Culture and National Heritage]]. Sikorski's harmonization allows for each vocal version to be performed either ''[[a cappella]]'' or together with any of the instrumental versions. Some orchestra parts, marked in the score as ''[[ad libitum]]'', may be left out or replaced by other instruments of equivalent musical scale.<ref name="MFAoP" />

In 1908, [[Ignacy Jan Paderewski]], later to become the first Prime Minister of independent Poland, [[musical quotation|quoted]] the anthem in a disguised way in his [[Symphony in B minor (Paderewski)|Symphony in B minor "Polonia"]]. He scored it in [[duple meter]] rather than its standard triple meter.

The anthem was quoted by [[Edward Elgar]] in his symphonic prelude ''[[Polonia (Elgar)|Polonia]]'', composed in 1915.