Editing Philip III of Macedon (section)

==Tomb==
[[File:Phillip Museum.jpg|240px|thumb|right|[[Larnax|Golden Larnax]] (Chrysi Larnaka) (with the Sun of Vergina on the lid) that contains the remains (bones) from the burial of King Philip II of Macedonia and the royal golden wreath. Formerly located at the [[Thessaloniki Archaeological Museum]], since 1997) displayed in the underground museum of [[Vergina]], inside the Great Tumulus.<ref name = GuideBook>Stella Drougou, [[Chrysoula Saatsoglou-Paliadeli]]. ''Verghina'', Hellenic Minister of Culture, Athens, 2005 (p. 45, p. 59) {{ISBN|960-214-385-1}}</ref>]]

In 1977, excavations near [[Vergina]] in northern Greece led to the unearthing of three Macedonian tombs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Royal Macedonian Tombs at Vergina|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1490/the-royal-macedonian-tombs-at-vergina/|access-date=2022-01-06|website=World History Encyclopedia|language=en}}</ref> Tomb II is a two-chambered royal tomb richly decorated with grave goods such as silver vessels, bronze weaponry and bath equipment, and a gold-and-ivory shield. The outer chamber of the tomb contained a golden box with the bones of a woman in her twenties, and the inner chamber contained a gold box with a golden crown and the bones of a man in his forties.<ref name=":0"/>

Professor [[Manolis Andronikos]], the chief archaeologist at the site, along with a number of other archaeologists, decided that Tomb II contained the remains of Philip II and his final wife [[Cleopatra Eurydice of Macedon|Cleopatra Eurydice]] due to the rich decoration of the tomb, the age of the skeletal remains, the damage on the male skeleton's right eye socket, and his thigh bone that had suffered trauma.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> Philip lost his right eye in battle and had been wounded in one leg. However, as the right eye socket was almost entirely missing, the damage could not be specified, and the wound was to the wrong leg.<ref name=":0"/> Athenian pottery found in the tomb dates between the last quarter of the fourth century to the early third century BC, while Philip II died in 336 BC. Architectural evidence regarding the vaulted roof and its similarity to [[Lycia|Lycian]] tombs points to a later date, after Alexander the Great's [[Wars of Alexander the Great|invasion of Asia]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Neer|first=Richard T.|title=Greek Art and Archaeology c. 2500-c.150 BCE Second Edition|publisher=Thames & Hudson|year=2018|isbn=978-0-500-05209-9|pages=358–359|language=English}}</ref>

Due to forensic studies in 2015, it is now believed that Philip II was buried in Tomb I.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2015-07-21|title=Was This Really the Tomb of Alexander the Great's Father?|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/150720-philip-macedon-alexander-the-great-dad-greece-archaeology|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227122754/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/150720-philip-macedon-alexander-the-great-dad-greece-archaeology|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 27, 2021|access-date=2022-01-06|website=History|language=en}}</ref> As such, others have proposed Tomb II to contain the remains of Philip Arrhidaeus and his wife Eurydice, due to the time of their death in 317 BC and that Arrhidaeus was known to have received honors at burial.<ref name=":0"/>

In Tomb II, [[Greave|greaves]] that many archaeologists had argued belong to Philip II could also belong to Eurydice or Alexander the Great, according to Antonios Bartsiokas.<ref name=":1" /> Bartsiokas, one of the lead authors in the 2015 study identifying Philip as the occupant of Tomb I, explained that Eurydice was a warrior who fought in many battles and could have required greaves.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bartsiokas|first1=Antonis|last2=Arsuaga|first2=Juan-Luis|last3=Santos|first3=Elena|last4=Algaba|first4=Milagros|last5=Gómez-Olivencia|first5=Asier|date=2015-07-16|title=The lameness of King Philip II and Royal Tomb I at Vergina, Macedonia|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=112|issue=32|pages=9844–9848|language=en|doi=10.1073/pnas.1510906112|issn=0027-8424|pmid=26195763|pmc=4538655|bibcode=2015PNAS..112.9844B|doi-access=free}}</ref> It is also possible that some of Alexander the Great's armor could have been buried at the tomb, as Arrhideaus wore Alexander's garments when he ascended to the throne in 323 BC, although he did not fight in battles himself. A hand-hammered iron helmet found in Tomb II matches Plutarch's description of Alexander's helmet.<ref name=":1" />