Editing Perth (section)

=== Swan River Colony ===
{{Main|Swan River Colony}}
Despite the [[Colony of New South Wales]] establishing a convict-supported settlement at [[King George's Sound]] (called ''Frederick Town'', renamed to ''[[Albany, Western Australia|Albany]]'' upon becoming part of Western Australia) on the south coast of the continent in 1826, responding to rumours of potential [[Kingdom of France (1814-1830)|French]] annexation, Perth marked the first comprehensive European settlement in the western portion of the continent in 1829. Officially designated as ''Western Australia'' in 1832, the colony retained the informal moniker "Swan River Colony" for many years, after the area's major watercourse.<ref name=srnsw>{{cite web |url=http://search.records.nsw.gov.au/agencies/2517 |title=King George's Sound Settlement |work=State Records |publisher=[[State Records Authority of New South Wales]] |access-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140624194804/http://search.records.nsw.gov.au/agencies/2517 |archive-date=24 June 2014 }}</ref>

[[File:The Foundation of Perth.jpg|thumb|left|''[[The Foundation of Perth 1829]]'' by [[George Pitt Morison]] is a historical reconstruction of the official ceremony by which Perth was founded, although not everyone depicted may have actually been present.]]
On 4 June 1829, newly arriving British colonists had their first view of the mainland.{{Contradictory inline |article=Western Australia Day |section=Background |reason=Was it 1 June or 4 June? |date=June 2024}} Captain James Stirling, aboard {{ship||Parmelia|barque|2}}, noted that the site was "as beautiful as anything of this kind I had ever witnessed".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://medium.com/@brookeschaefer/a-day-in-perth-australia-48486796e208|title=A Day in Perth, Australia|website=[[Medium (website)|Medium]]|first=Brooke|last=Schaefer|date=1 May 2015|access-date=2 January 2023|archive-date=1 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101174548/https://medium.com/@brookeschaefer/a-day-in-perth-australia-48486796e208}}</ref> On 12 August that year, Helen Dance, wife of the captain of the second ship, ''Sulphur'', felled a tree to commemorate the town's founding.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.johncareymla.com.au/about/about-perth/|title=About the Perth electorate|first=John|last=Carey|publisher=[[Western Australian Labor Party]]|authorlink=John Carey (Australian politician)|date=2023|access-date=2 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217043820/https://www.johncareymla.com.au/about/about-perth/|archive-date=17 December 2023}}</ref> From 1831 onward, confrontations between British settlers and the Noongar people escalated due to conflicting land-value systems and increased land use as the colony expanded. These confrontations resulted in multiple events, including the murder of settlers (such as [[Thomas Peel]]'s servant Hugh Nesbitt{{Sfn|ps=none|Goldsmith|1951|p=346}}), the execution without trial of Whadjuk elder [[Midgegooroo]],{{sfn|Fforde|2002|p=230}} the killing of his son [[Yagan]] in 1833,{{sfn|Fforde|2002|p=231}} and the [[Pinjarra massacre]] in 1834.<ref name="men22"/>{{rp|114}}<ref name="inherit3957">{{cite web |url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Admin/api/file/a32f1bff-4af9-564a-68ce-8409d0c9f3cc |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603073630/http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Admin/api/file/a32f1bff-4af9-564a-68ce-8409d0c9f3cc|archive-date=3 June 2023|title=Register of Heritage Places – Assessment Documentation, Pinjarra Massacre Site 1 |date=18 December 2007 |website=Heritage Council of Western Australia |access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref>

The strained relations between the Noongar people and the Europeans arose due to these events. Agricultural development on the land restricted the traditional [[hunter-gatherer]] practices of the native Whadjuk Noongar, compelling them to camp in designated areas, including swamps and lakes north of the European settlement. [[Hyde Park (Western Australia)|Third Swamp]], known to them as ''Boodjamooling'', remained a primary campsite for the remaining Noongar people in the Perth region, also accommodating travellers, itinerants, and homeless individuals. During the gold rush in the 1890s, miners on their way to the goldfields joined this community.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.vincent.wa.gov.au/2/145/1/history.pm |title = Town of Vincent&nbsp;– History |work= Adapted from 'History of the Town of Vincent', from Town of Vincent 2001 Annual Report, p.52 (possibly based on J. Gentili and others) |publisher= [[Town of Vincent]] |access-date = 26 February 2008|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080726013622/http://www.vincent.wa.gov.au/2/145/1/history.pm |archive-date= 26 July 2008}}</ref>