Editing Permaculture (section)

=== Design principles ===

Holmgren articulated twelve permaculture design principles in his ''Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability'':<ref name="H's 12 Ps">{{Cite web |title=Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability |url=https://store.holmgren.com.au/product/principles-and-pathways/ |access-date=21 October 2013 |publisher=Holmgren Design}}</ref>

* ''Observe and interact'': Take time to engage with nature to design solutions that suit a particular situation.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Catch and store energy'': Develop systems that collect resources at peak abundance for use in times of need.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Obtain a yield'': Emphasize projects that generate meaningful rewards.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Apply self-regulation and accept feedback'': Discourage inappropriate activity to ensure that systems function well.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Use and value renewable resources and services'': Make the best use of nature's abundance: reduce consumption and dependence on non-renewable resources.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Produce no waste'': Value and employ all available resources: waste nothing.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Design from patterns to details'': Observe patterns in nature and society and use them to inform designs, later adding details.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Integrate rather than segregate'': Proper designs allow relationships to develop between design elements, allowing them to work together to support each other.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Use small and slow solutions'': Small and slow systems are easier to maintain, make better use of local resources, and produce more sustainable outcomes.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Use and value diversity'': Diversity reduces system-level vulnerability to threats and fully exploits its environment.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Use edges and value the marginal'': The border between things is where the most interesting events take place. These are often the system's most valuable, diverse, and productive elements.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>
* ''Creatively use and respond to change'': A positive impact on inevitable change comes from careful observation, followed by well-timed intervention.<ref name="H's 12 Ps"/>