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==History== In 1860, there existed Campbell's Mill in Robeson County. That year the [[Wilmington Subdivision|Wilmington, Charlotte and Rutherford Railroad]] constructed an east–west line through the area, but no strong community developed and no train station was erected, probably due to the proximity of the larger communities of [[Moss Neck, North Carolina|Moss Neck]] and [[Pates, North Carolina|Pates]].{{sfn|Dial|Eliades|1996|pp=141–142}} In 1892, the [[Wilmington and Weldon Railroad]] proposed building a north–south line through Moss Neck, but at the opposition of a prominent citizen the line was moved a few miles west to Campbell's Mill. A train station was erected, and the [[Alico (company)|Atlantic Land and Improvement Company]] plotted one square mile of streets centered around it. Lots were sold to private holders and the community quickly became a center for commerce.{{sfn|Dial|Eliades|1996|p=142}} In 1895 the community's population stood at approximately 150 residents.{{sfn|Dial|Eliades|1996|p=145}} It was incorporated that year as the town of Pembroke, named for railway worker Pembroke Jones. In 1909 the Croatan Normal School was moved there.{{sfn|Dial|Eliades|1996|pp=142–143}} The earliest buildings in the community were made of wood, with awnings built to cover their entrances. The first brick building was erected in 1922. Around that time, Pates Supply Company, a general store, was established and became the largest business in Pembroke. A highway was established in 1923 along the east–west railroad, and the first street was paved in 1932.{{sfn|Dial|Eliades|1996|p=144}} Pembroke became a center for Lumbee commercial activity, though most kept to the rural areas of the county.{{sfn|Dial|Eliades|1996|p=146}} Due to their predominance in the community, the town lacked strict adherence to many [[Jim Crow]] norms common in the South in early 20th century.{{sfn|Lowery|2010|pp=1–2}} Under the town's incorporating act, its citizens elected a mayor and a board of commissioners every year. Politically, the town fell under the control of its white minority, though by 1917 the Lumbee community had grown rapidly and was challenging this state of affairs. A white delegation went to Raleigh and petitioned the [[North Carolina General Assembly]] to alter the act. Under the new system, the Governor of North Carolina appointed the mayor and the commissioners. Due to an informal agreement the town usually had two Lumbee commissioners and two white commissioners under a white mayor. In 1945 a group of Lumbees petitioned the governor to support democratic reform in the municipal government. Two years later, the town returned to an elected government and Pembroke chose its first Lumbee mayor.{{sfn|Dial|Eliades|1996|p=143}} The [[Old Main (University of North Carolina at Pembroke)|Old Main]] building at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke and [[Pembroke High School, Former]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref> [[File:Town of Pembroke Town Hall.jpg|thumb|right|Town hall]] Pembroke is the tribal seat of the [[Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina]], the largest state-recognized tribe east of the Mississippi River and the largest without a reservation. Their origin has been disputed historically, as they are multi-tribal. Some tribes migrated from neighboring counties and states. In the 1950s, those who identified as Native American chose the name Lumbee, after what was later renamed the Lumber River. Pembroke is home to the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, a master's level degree-granting university and one of the 17 schools that comprise the [[University of North Carolina system]]. It was incorporated within the [[University of North Carolina system]] in 1972 and officially became the University of North Carolina at Pembroke in 1996. Its enrollment is 7,667 as of fall 2022. With an 18:1 student-to-faculty ratio, the average class size is 20. It boasts the safest campus of the UNC schools in ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' and is among the nation's most diverse. Its motto is: "Where learning gets personal."
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