Editing Owain Gwynedd (section)

== Heirs and successors ==
[[File:Coat of arms of Owain Gwynedd.svg|thumb|150px|right|There is no evidence Owain used a coat of arms during his life, but later antiquarians [[Attributed arms|retroactively attributed]] to Owain Gwynedd the [[blazon]]: ''Vert, three eagles displayed in fess Or''.]]

Gwynedd was married, firstly to Gwladus daughter of Llywarch ap Trahaearn and then his cousin Cristin verch Goronwy.<ref name=GwyneddDWB/><ref>{{cite DWB|id=s-TRAH-APC-1081|title=TRAHAEARN ap CARADOG (died 1081), king of Gwynedd}}</ref> Owain had originally designated [[Rhun ab Owain Gwynedd]] as his successor. Rhun was Owain's favourite son,<ref name=Dictionary/> and his premature death in 1146 plunged his father into a [[Bipolar disorder|deep melancholy]], from which he was only roused by the news that his forces had captured Mold Castle. Owain then designated [[Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd]] as his successor, but after his death, Hywel was first driven to seek refuge in [[Ireland]] by Cristin's sons, Dafydd and Rhodri, then Hywel was killed at the battle of [[Pentraeth]] when he returned with an Irish army. Dafydd and Rhodri split Gwynedd between them, but a generation passed before Gwynedd was restored to its former glory under Owain's grandson [[Llywelyn ab Iorwerth]] (Llywelyn the Great).

According to legend, one of Owain's sons was Prince [[Madoc]] of Wales (Madog), who is popularly supposed to have fled across the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] and colonised [[North America|America]]; this tradition is part of the [[Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories]].

Altogether, the prolific Owain Gwynedd is said to have had the following children from two wives and at least four mistresses:
* [[Rhun ab Owain Gwynedd]] (illegitimate in Catholic custom, but legitimate successor in Welsh law);
* [[Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd]] (illegitimate in Catholic custom, but legitimate successor in Welsh law);
* [[Iorwerth Drwyndwn|Iorwerth mab Owain Gwynedd]] (the "flat nosed" from first wife Gwladys ferch Llywarch);
* [[Maelgwn ab Owain Gwynedd]] (from first wife Gwladys ferch Llywarch) Lord of [[Anglesey|Môn]] (1169–1173);
* Gwenllian ferch Owain Gwynedd;
* [[Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd]] (from second wife Cristin ferch Goronwy);
* [[Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd]], Lord of [[Anglesey|Môn]] (1175–1193) (from second wife Cristin ferch Goronwy);
* Angharad ferch Owain Gwynedd;
* Margaret ferch Owain Gwynedd;
* [[Iefan ab Owain Gwynedd]];
* [[Cynan ab Owain Gwynedd]], Lord of [[Meirionnydd]] (illegitimate);
* Rhirid ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* [[Madoc|Madoc ab Owain Gwynedd]] (illegitimate) (speculative/legendary);
* Cynwrig ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* Gwenllian II ferch Owain Gwynedd (also shared the same name with a sister);
* Einion ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* Iago ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* Ffilip ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* Cadell ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* Rotpert ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* Idwal ab Owain Gwynedd (illegitimate);
* Other daughters.