Editing Ordo Templi Orientis (section)

===After Crowley's death===
After Crowley's death, Germer attempted to keep O.T.O. running, with questionable success. Crowley had granted a charter to run an O.T.O. Camp in England to [[Gerald Gardner]], and Germer acknowledged Gardner as O.T.O.'s main representative in Europe. The two men met in 1948 in New York to discuss plans, but Gardner's continuing ill health led to Germer replacing him with Frederic Mellinger in 1951. Also in 1951, Germer granted a charter to run an O.T.O. Camp in England to [[Kenneth Grant (occultist)|Kenneth Grant]], who had briefly served as Crowley's secretary during the 1940s. Grant was to be expelled and his charter revoked in 1955 however, and from that time onwards O.T.O.'s representative in the UK was a IX° member, Noel Fitzgerald.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Orpheus |first=Rodney |year=2009 |title=Gerald Gardner & Ordo Templi Orientis |pages=14–18 |work=Pentacle Magazine |issue=30 |issn=1753-898X}}</ref>

Germer died in 1962 without naming a successor. It was not until 1969 that [[Grady McMurtry]] invoked his letter of emergency authorization from Crowley and became the Frater Superior of O.T.O. McMurtry did not claim the title of Outer Head of the Order, stating in 1974 that "There is at present no Outer Head of the Order for Aleister Crowley's Ordo Templi Orientis. The Outer Head of the Order is an international office (see p. 201, The Blue Equinox) and Aleister Crowley's Ordo Templi Orientis is not at this time established organizationally to fulfill the requirements of its Constitution in this respect."<ref>{{cite web |last=Koenig |first=Peter |url=http://www.parareligion.ch/minutes/minutes.htm |title=All we want is a 'Caliph' |website=The Ordo Templi Orientis Phenomenon |access-date=February 13, 2008}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=May 2024}} He began performing initiations in 1970. O.T.O. was incorporated under the laws of the State of California on March 26, 1979. The corporation attained federal tax exemption as a religious entity under IRS Code 501(c)3 in 1982. Grady McMurtry died in 1985.

McMurtry requested that members of the Sovereign Sanctuary of the Gnosis (i.e. the members of the Ninth Degree) elect the next Caliph, which they did in 1985. [[William Breeze]] was elected,<ref name="transcript">{{cite web |last=Koenig |first=Peter |url=http://www.parareligion.ch/minutes/trans.htm |title=Minutes of the Special Ninth Degree Caliphate Election |website=The Ordo Templi Orientis Phenomenon |access-date=February 13, 2008}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=May 2024}} taking the name ''Hymenaeus Beta''. In the Fall 1995 issue of ''The Magical Link'', he is designated "Hymenaeus Beta X°"; in the Fall 1997 issue of ''The Magical Link'', he is designated "Hymenaeus Beta XI°"; by May 2005, he is designated "O.H.O. Hymenaeus Beta XII°" on the O.T.O. website.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oto-usa.org/news.html |website=US Grand Lodge, OTO |title=OTO News |date=May 2, 2005 |access-date=February 13, 2008}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=May 2024}}

In 1996, Sabazius X° was appointed as National Grand Master General (G.M.G.) for the U.S. Grand Lodge. In 2005, Frater Hyperion X° was appointed the National G.M.G. of the newly formed UK Grand Lodge. Frater Shiva X° was appointed the G.M.G. of the Australia Grand Lodge in 2006. In 2014, Frater Abrasax X° was appointed the National G.M.G. of the newly formed  Grand Lodge of Croatia, and Frater Phanes X° was appointed the National G.M.G. of the newly formed Grand Lodge of Italy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oto.org/news0514.html |website=International Headquarters, OTO |title=IHQ News |date=May 17, 2014 |access-date=August 8, 2017}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=May 2024}} On October 14, 2014, these five National Grand Masters elected Hymenaeus Beta as "de jure" Outer Head of the Order.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-10-10 |title=Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.) News |url=http://oto.org/news1014.html |access-date=2017-11-09 |website=Ordo Templi Orientis International Headquarters}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=May 2024}}