Editing Oak Ridge National Laboratory (section)

===Biology===
Biological research covers [[ecology]], [[forestry]],<ref name="NSF NEON 2019">{{cite web | title=Oak Ridge NEON — Open Data to Understand our Ecosystems | website=NSF NEON | date=2019| url=https://www.neonscience.org/field-sites/ornl | access-date=October 16, 2023}}</ref> [[genomics]], [[computational biology]], [[structural biology]] and [[bioinformatics]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ornl.gov/ornlhome/biological_systems.shtml |title=Biological systems |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 22, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118062451/http://www.ornl.gov/ornlhome/biological_systems.shtml |archive-date=January 18, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The BioEnergy Program aims to improve the efficiency of all stages of the [[biofuel]] process to improve the [[energy security]] of the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/role.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112155740/http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/role.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 12, 2010 |title=BioEnergy Program – Our Role |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 22, 2013 }}</ref> The program aims to make genetic improvements to the potential biomass used,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/research_biofeedstocks.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112155746/http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/research_biofeedstocks.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 12, 2010 |title=BioEnergy Program – Biofeedstocks |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 22, 2013 }}</ref> formulate methods for refineries that can accept a diverse range of fuels, and to improve the efficiency of energy delivery both to power plants and end users.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/research_biorefineries.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112155801/http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/research_biorefineries.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 12, 2010 |title=BioEnergy Program – Refineries |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 22, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/research_product.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112155738/http://www.ornl.gov/sci/bioenergy/research_product.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 12, 2010 |title=BioEnergy Program – Product Delivery |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 22, 2013 }}</ref>

The Center for Molecular Biophysics conducts research into the behaviour of biological molecules in various conditions. The center hosts projects that examine [[cell walls]] for biofuel production,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cmb.ornl.gov/research/bioenergy |title=Biophysical origins of biomass recalcitrance to hydrolysis |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 23, 2013}}</ref> use neutron scattering to analyse [[protein folding]], and simulate the effect of catalysis on a conventional and [[Quantum mechanics|quantum scale]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cmb.ornl.gov/research/enzyme-catalysis/mera-merb |title=Enzymatic Mechanisms of MerA and MerB |last=Parks |first=Jerry M. |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 23, 2013 |archive-date=February 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216071710/http://cmb.ornl.gov/research/enzyme-catalysis/mera-merb |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cmb.ornl.gov/research/enzyme-catalysis/cels |title=Catalytic Mechanism of Cellobiohydrolase, CelS, on Cellulose Degradation |last=Saharay |first=Moumita |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory |access-date=January 23, 2013 |archive-date=February 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216081324/http://cmb.ornl.gov/research/enzyme-catalysis/cels |url-status=dead }}</ref> ORNL is home to a field site for the [[National Ecological Observatory Network]] (NEON), which has a field office nearby. The Department of Energy works closely with the [[Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency]] out of ORNL to monitor forest ecology for the surrounding Appalachians & Cumberland Plateau Domain of NEON.<ref name="NSF NEON 2019" />