Editing North Pole (section)

=== Ice station ===
In May 1937 the world's first [[Drifting ice station|North Pole ice station]], [[North Pole-1]], was established by Soviet scientists 20 kilometres (13&nbsp;mi) from the North Pole after the ever first landing of four heavy and one light aircraft onto the ice at the North Pole. The expedition members — oceanographer [[Pyotr Shirshov]], meteorologist [[Yevgeny Konstantinovich Fyodorov|Yevgeny Fyodorov]], radio operator [[Ernst Krenkel]], and the leader [[Ivan Papanin]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=66677|title=North Pole Drifting Stations (1930s–1980s)|access-date=8 January 2012|publisher=[[Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution]]|date=17 August 2011|archive-date=2 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502171337/http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=66677|url-status=live}}</ref> — conducted scientific research at the station for the next nine months. By 19 February 1938, when the group was picked up by the ice breakers ''[[Icebreaker Taymyr|Taimyr]]'' and ''Murman'', their station had drifted 2850&nbsp;km to the eastern coast of Greenland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.science20.com/chatter_box/arctic_heroes_2_north_pole_1|title=Arctic Heroes #2 – North Pole 1|access-date=8 January 2012|last=Lockerby|first=Patrick|date=15 July 2010|archive-date=31 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031003519/http://www.science20.com/chatter_box/arctic_heroes_2_north_pole_1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/russiansinthearc006180mbp|title=The Russians in the Arctic|access-date=8 January 2012|last=Armstrong|first=Terence|year=2011|isbn=978-1-245-58209-4|publisher=Nabu Press}}</ref>