Editing North Bergen, New Jersey (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Woodcliff Treatment Plant No Bergen jeh.jpg|thumb|275px|Woodcliff Treatment Plant at the foot of the Palisades. In the distance, off to the right, is the Stonehenge Building rising from the Palisades.]]
[[File:North Bergen steep street jeh.JPG|thumb|275px|On the western slope overlooking the Meadowlands]]
In 1850, the township was roughly rectangular. When the municipalities along the Hudson River (what are now Guttenberg, West New York, Union City and Weehawken) broke away, it left North Bergen roughly an inverted "L", or "axe-shaped".<ref name =Master1987>{{Citation |title = Township of North Bergen Master Plan |publisher = Township of North Bergen |year = 1987 |page = 3 |url = https://www.northbergen.org/_Content/pdf/1987-Master-Plan.pdf |access-date = August 24, 2022 |archive-date = October 22, 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221022215644/https://www.northbergen.org/_Content/pdf/1987-Master-Plan.pdf |url-status = live }}</ref> Its northern section stretches east–west and is south of the [[Bergen County, New Jersey|Bergen County]] communities of [[Cliffside Park, New Jersey|Cliffside Park]], [[Edgewater, New Jersey|Edgewater]], [[Fairview, Bergen County, New Jersey|Fairview]] and [[Ridgefield, New Jersey|Ridgefield]]. To the east, the [[North River (Hudson River)|Hudson River]] creates the shared border with the borough of [[Manhattan]] in [[New York City]]. It shares a border with [[Carlstadt, New Jersey|Carlstadt]] in the [[Hackensack River]]. Its north–south section lies between [[Secaucus, New Jersey|Secaucus]] to the west and to the east [[Guttenberg, New Jersey|Guttenberg]], [[West New York, New Jersey|West New York]] and [[Union City, New Jersey|Union City]], with which it meets [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]] at a single point at its southern end.<ref>[https://global.mapit.mysociety.org/area/1084909/touches.html Areas touching North Bergen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921120005/https://global.mapit.mysociety.org/area/1084909/touches.html |date=September 21, 2021 }}, MapIt. Accessed March 31, 2020.</ref><ref>[http://chnj.njpn.org/hudson-county/ Hudson County Map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430114258/http://chnj.njpn.org/hudson-county/ |date=April 30, 2020 }}, Coalition for a Healthy NJ. Accessed March 31, 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/gis/maps/polnoroads.pdf New Jersey Municipal Boundaries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031204213712/https://www.state.nj.us/transportation/gis/maps/polnoroads.pdf |date=December 4, 2003 }}, [[New Jersey Department of Transportation]]. Accessed November 15, 2019.</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the township had a total area of 5.57 square miles (14.43&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>), including 5.14 square miles (13.30&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) of land and 0.44 square miles (1.13&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) of water (7.83%).<ref name=CensusArea/><ref name=GR1 />

North Bergen has diverse geological features. Partially situated on the [[Hudson River]], the [[Hudson Palisades]] rise from the [[Hudson Waterfront|waterfront]], while the northern part of the town sits atop the plateau. The [[cuesta]], or slope, on its west side makes North Bergen the city with the second-most hills per square mile in the United States after [[San Francisco]],<ref>[https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2006/09/05/most-liquor-licenses-bumpiest-town-local-municipalities-hold-unusual-distinctions/ "Most liquor licenses? Bumpiest town? Local municipalities hold unusual distinctions"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208162821/https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2006/09/05/most-liquor-licenses-bumpiest-town-local-municipalities-hold-unusual-distinctions/ |date=December 8, 2021 }}, ''[[The Hudson Reporter]]'', September 5, 2006. Accessed November 13, 2019.</ref> some of which are extremely steep. A rock formation along the slope (located at {{coord|40|48|27|N|74|01|05|W|name=Rock formation in North Bergen}}) is made up of unusual [[serpentinite]] rock and made up of small rock cliffs. Because of this, it is one of the few undeveloped parts of North Bergen. Low-lying areas along the west side are part of the [[New Jersey Meadowlands]]. The unusual shape and diverse topography of North Bergen have created diverse historical and contemporary [[List of neighborhoods in North Bergen, New Jersey|neighborhoods]]:

* [[Bergenline Avenue]] runs to [[Nungessers]] at the [[Fairview, Bergen County, New Jersey|Fairview]] border near North Hudson Park. It has been described as the longest commercial avenue in the state, with over 300 retail stores and restaurants.<ref>Cullen, Deanna. [https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2011/03/06/is-end-near-for-biz-districts-and-3-5-sales-tax/ "Is end near for biz districts (and 3.5% sales tax)? WNY, UC face potential 'devastating' impact of gov's cuts"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321172557/https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2011/03/06/is-end-near-for-biz-districts-and-3-5-sales-tax/ |date=March 21, 2022 }}, ''[[The Hudson Reporter]]'', March 6, 2011. Accessed June 12, 2015. "Union City and West New York's UEZs contain a large concentration of retail and chain stores on Bergenline Avenue, which is the longest commercial avenue in the state and the main commercial strip for North Hudson."</ref><ref name="OtherCuban">Pérez-Stable, Marifeli. [http://www.thedialogue.org/page.cfm?pageID=32&pubID=2178 "That other Cuban community"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330142630/http://www.thedialogue.org/page.cfm?pageID=32&pubID=2178 |date=2015-03-30 }}, copy of article from ''[[The Miami Herald]]'', December 3, 2009. Accessed June 12, 2015.</ref><ref>Rosero, Jessica. [https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2006/02/26/smelliest-town-most-bumpy-hudson-county-municipalities-hold-unusual-distinctions/ "Smelliest town? Most bumpy? Hudson County municipalities hold unusual distinctions"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119001557/https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2006/02/26/smelliest-town-most-bumpy-hudson-county-municipalities-hold-unusual-distinctions/ |date=January 19, 2021 }}, ''[[The Hudson Reporter]]'', February 26, 2006. Accessed November 13, 2019. "Slicing through both towns is Bergenline Avenue, also known as the 'Miracle Mile,' said to the longest commercial avenue in the state and shared by neighboring Guttenberg and North Bergen."</ref>
* The [[Racetrack Section, North Bergen|Racetrack]] section, between Bergenline and [[County Route 501 (New Jersey)|Kennedy Boulevard]] on the plateau.<ref name=NYT2020>Lasky, Julie. [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/29/realestate/north-bergen-nj-reasonably-priced-and-minutes-from-manhattan.html "North Bergen, N.J.: Reasonably Priced and Minutes From Manhattan"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817190553/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/29/realestate/north-bergen-nj-reasonably-priced-and-minutes-from-manhattan.html |date=August 17, 2022 }}, ''[[The New York Times]]'', July 29, 2020.Accessed August 18, 2022. "In addition to the high- and low-rise condos and apartment buildings near the waterfront, there is the Racetrack district, between Bergenline Avenue and John F. Kennedy Boulevard, named for a notorious 19th-century gambling attraction that evolved into an amusement park.... Bergenwood lies between John F. Kennedy Boulevard and Tonnelle Avenue and has especially steep grades."</ref>
* [[Bergenwood, North Bergen|Bergenwood]], on the steep slopes of the west side of the [[Hudson Palisades|Palisades]].<ref name=NYT2020/>
* [[New Durham, North Bergen|New Durham]], site of colonial American [[Three Pigeons]] near the [[Bergen Turnpike]] and [[Tonnelle Avenue (HBLR station)|Tonnelle Avenue]].<ref>Guozzo Jr., Frank. [http://www.newdurham.org/ "Welcome to NDBC!"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727120711/http://www.newdurham.org/ |date=July 27, 2011 }}, New Durham Baptist Church, accessed May 10, 2011.</ref>
* Meadowview, behind the Municipal Building between the many cemeteries.
* [[Bulls Ferry]], on the Hudson waterfront, site of Roc Harbor,<ref>[[Anthony DePalma (author)|DePalma, Anthony]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/24/realestate/in-new-jersey-for-north-bergen-a-riverfront-village.html "In New Jersey; For North Bergen, A Riverfront 'Village'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323054822/http://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/24/realestate/in-new-jersey-for-north-bergen-a-riverfront-village.html |date=March 23, 2017 }}, ''[[The New York Times]]'', February 24, 1985</ref> [[Palisades Medical Center]] and the [[Hudson River Waterfront Walkway]]
* [[Babbitt, North Bergen|Babbitt]], in the [[New Jersey Meadowlands|Meadowlands district]], a part of which is a wetlands preserve known as the Eastern Brackish Marsh.
* [[Woodcliff, North Bergen|Woodcliff]] on [[The Palisades (Hudson River)|The Palisades]] around the North Hudson Park.<ref name =Master1987/>
* [[Transfer Station, Hudson County|Transfer Station]] near the [[tripoint]] with [[Union City, New Jersey|Union City]] and [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]] near [[Paterson Plank Road]], Kennedy Boulevard, and Secaucus Road in [[Secaucus, New Jersey|Secaucus]].<ref>Schwartz, Art. [https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2014/03/16/jersey-diner-served-gis-when-things-were-wild/ "Jersey diner served GIs when things were 'wild'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930135934/https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2014/03/16/jersey-diner-served-gis-when-things-were-wild/ |date=September 30, 2023 }}, ''[[The Hudson Reporter]]'', March 16, 2014. Accessed November 13, 2019.</ref>

Other historical [[Local government in New Jersey#Unincorporated communities|unincorporated communities]], localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include [[Schuetzen Park (New Jersey)|Homestead]],<ref>Staff. [http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1910/05/11/104933736.html?pageNumber=2 "$250,000 Fire Loss In Schuetzen Park; Main Pavilion of Famous Union Hill (N.J.) Pleasure Resort Is Totally Destroyed."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930135936/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1910/05/11/104933736.html?pageNumber=2 |date=September 30, 2023 }}, ''[[The New York Times]]'', May 11, 1910. Accessed September 18, 2016. "The sparks filtering down over the meadows landed on the housetops of the little village of Homestead, over which the hill-surmounting pavilion stood."</ref><ref>[http://mikethehistoryguy.blogspot.nl/2014_01_01_archive.html "The Forgotten Officer Down of West Hoboken"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921065257/http://mikethehistoryguy.blogspot.nl/2014_01_01_archive.html |date=September 21, 2016 }}, Never Enough History, January 29, 2014. Accessed September 18, 2016. "Rettich was also tried for the murder of a man in Homestead, NJ (which is now in North Bergen, it would be the area between Schuetzen Park and the Five Points) but was acquitted."</ref> [[Babbitt, North Bergen|Granton]], [[Racetrack Section, North Bergen|Hudson Heights]], [[New Durham, North Bergen|New Durham]], [[Shadyside, Edgewater|Shadyside]], [[Three Pigeons]]{{citation needed|date=September 2016}} and Tyler Park.<ref>[http://www.state.nj.us/infobank/localnames.txt Locality Search] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160709092825/http://www.state.nj.us/infobank/localnames.txt |date=July 9, 2016 }}, State of [[New Jersey]]. Accessed May 21, 2015.</ref>

The town has seven cemeteries, more than any other town in the county, including some, such as [[Weehawken Cemetery]] and [[Hoboken Cemetery]], that were at one time designated for other towns. This may be due to the layout of the county in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with North Bergen having more land than its more densely populated neighbors, which had to bury their dead outside of town. It may also date back to the Civil War era. Among these cemeteries are [[Flower Hill Cemetery, North Bergen|Flower Hill Cemetery]] and [[Grove Church Cemetery]].<ref name=UCReporter10.19.14>Passantino, Joseph. [https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2014/10/19/time-of-year-for-reflection-3/ "Time of year for reflection; Weehawken cemetery actually lies in North Bergen"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930135938/https://archive.hudsonreporter.com/2014/10/19/time-of-year-for-reflection-3/ |date=September 30, 2023 }}, ''[[The Hudson Reporter]]'', October 19, 2014. Accessed November 13, 2019. "Other North Bergen resting places are the Grove Reformed Church cemetery, Flower Hill Cemetery, Hoboken Cemetery, Machpelah Cemetery, Bergen Crest Mausoleum, and Garden State Crematory."</ref>