Editing Nibble (section)

== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="Hall_1980">{{cite book |author-last=Hall |author-first=Douglas V. |title=Microprocessors and Digital Systems |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] |year=1980 |isbn=0-07-025571-7}}</ref>
<ref name="Warren_2013">{{Cite book |title=Hacker's Delight |title-link=Hacker's Delight |author-first=Henry S. |author-last=Warren Jr. |date=2013 |orig-year=2002 |edition=2 |publisher=[[Addison Wesley]] – [[Pearson Education, Inc.]] |isbn=978-0-321-84268-8 |id=0-321-84268-5}}</ref>
<ref name="esr">{{cite book |title=The New Hacker's Dictionary |author-first=Eric S. |author-last=Raymond |author-link=Eric S. Raymond |page=333 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g80P_4v4QbIC&pg=PA333 |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-262-68092-9}}</ref>
<ref name="Carr_1959">{{cite book |title=Introduction to the use of digital computers: Notes from the Summer Conference Held at the Computation Center of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C., August 17-28, 1959 |volume=1 |series=Frontier Research on Digital Computers |author-first=John W. |author-last=Carr |publisher=[[University of North Carolina]] at Chapel Hill, Computation Center |page=211 |quote=Each of these letters corresponds to one of the integers from zero to fifteen, therefore requiring 4 bits (one "tetrade") in binary representation.}}</ref>
<ref name="Speiser_1965">{{cite book |author-first=Ambrosius Paul |author-last=Speiser |author-link=Ambrosius Paul Speiser |location=[[ETH Zürich]], Zürich, Switzerland |title=Digitale Rechenanlagen – Grundlagen / Schaltungstechnik / Arbeitsweise / Betriebssicherheit |language=de |trans-title=Digital computers – Basics / Circuits / Operation / Reliability |edition=2 |date=1965 |orig-year=1961 |publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] / [[IBM]] |lccn=65-14624 |id=0978 |pages=6, 34, 165, 183, 208, 213, 215}}</ref>
<ref name="Puzman_2012">{{cite book |title=Public Data Networks: From Separate PDNs to the ISDN |author-first1=Josef |author-last1=Puzman |author-first2=Boris |author-last2=Kubin |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]] |date=2012 |isbn=978-1-4471-1737-7 |page=113 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZY7qBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA113}}</ref>
<ref name="Horak_2007_Websters">{{cite book |title=Webster's New World Telecom Dictionary |author-first=Ray |author-last=Horak |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |date=2007 |isbn=978-0-470-22571-4 |page=402 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L18YaEomzjMC&pg=PA402}}</ref>
<ref name="Brewster_1994">{{cite book |title=Data Communications and Networks, Vol. III |volume=31 |series=IEE telecommunications series |publisher=[[Institution of Electrical Engineers]] |author-first=Ronald L. |author-last=Brewster |date=1994 |isbn=978-0-85296-804-8 |page=155 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7O5EXtN94PIC&pg=PA155 |quote=A data symbol represents one quartet (4 bits) of binary data.}}</ref>
<ref name="Courbis_1989">{{cite book |title=Voyage au centre de la HP28c/s |author-first1=Paul |author-last1=Courbis |author-link1=Paul Courbis |author-first2=Sébastien |author-last2=Lalande |language=fr |publisher=Editions de la Règle à Calcul |location=Paris, France |edition=2 |date=2006-06-27 |orig-year=1989 |oclc=636072913 |url=http://www.courbis.fr/spip.php?article17 |access-date=2015-09-06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806084555/http://www.courbis.fr/Voyage-au-centre-de-la-HP28-c-s,17.html |archive-date=2016-08-06}} [http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_001_063.pdf<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20160328182710/http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_001_063.pdf -->] [http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_064_113.pdf<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20160328184715/http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_064_113.pdf -->] [http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_114_163.pdf<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20160328183941/http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_114_163.pdf -->] [http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_164_213.pdf<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20160328183929/http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_164_213.pdf -->] [http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_214_263.pdf<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20160328184013/http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_214_263.pdf -->] [http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_264_285.pdf<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20160328183343/http://www.courbis.fr/Data/Books/Pdfs_72/Voyage28/Voyage28_72x72_264_285.pdf -->]</ref>
<ref name="Intro_CPP_1997">{{cite book |title=Introduction to C++ |author-first=Steve |author-last=Heller |publisher=[[Morgan Kaufmann]] |date=1997 |isbn=978-0-12-339099-8 |page=27 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KbiDKrvExnsC&pg=PA27 |quote=Each hex digit (0–f) represents exactly 4 bits.}}</ref>
<ref name="Lechner_1982_Beneath_Apple_DOS">{{cite book |author-last2=Lechner |author-first2=Pieter M. |author-last1=Worth |author-first1=Don D. |title=Beneath Apple DOS |date=May 1982 |orig-year=1981 |edition=4th printing, 1st |publisher=[[Quality Software]] |location=Reseda, California, USA |url=https://archive.org/stream/Beneath_Apple_DOS_OCR#page/n24/mode/1up |access-date=2017-03-21 }} [http://asciiexpress.net/files/docs/Beneath%20Apple%20DOS%20OCR.pdf<!-- https://web.archive.org/web/20170320233805/http://asciiexpress.net/files/docs/Beneath%20Apple%20DOS%20OCR.pdf -->] [https://mirrors.apple2.org.za/Apple%20II%20Documentation%20Project/Books/Beneath%20Apple%20DOS.pdf] [http://fd.fabiensanglard.net/prince_of_persia/Beneath%20Apple%20DOS.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309202219/http://fd.fabiensanglard.net/prince_of_persia/Beneath%20Apple%20DOS.pdf |date=9 March 2016 }}</ref>
<ref name="Lechner_1985_Beneath_Apple_ProDOS">{{cite book |author-last2=Lechner |author-first2=Pieter M. |author-last1=Worth |author-first1=Don D. |title=Beneath Apple ProDOS – For Users of Apple II Plus, Apple IIe and Apple IIc Computers |date=March 1985 |orig-year=1984 |edition=2nd printing, 1st |publisher=[[Quality Software]] |location=Chatsworth, California, USA |isbn=0-912985-05-4 |lccn=84-61383 |url=http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/fichiers/beneathprodos.pdf |access-date=2017-03-21 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321014045/http://www.apple-iigs.info/doc/fichiers/beneathprodos.pdf |archive-date=2017-03-21}} [https://archive.org/details/A2_BENEATH_APPLE_PRODOS_1_1984]</ref>
<ref name="CP_1989_CopyII">{{cite book |title=Copy II Plus Version 9 – ProDOS/DOS Utilities – Data Recovery, File Management, Protected Software Backup |publisher=[[Central Point Software, Inc.]] |version=9.0 |date=1989-10-31 |orig-year=1982 |url=http://cps.applearchives.com/copy_ii_plus_9x_manual.pdf |access-date=2017-03-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170507224326/http://cps.applearchives.com/copy_ii_plus_9x_manual.pdf |archive-date=7 May 2017 }}</ref>
<ref name="Apple_1982_IWM">{{cite book |title=Integrated Woz Machine (IWM) Specification |edition=19 |publisher=DigiBarn Computer Museum |author=Apple Computer, Inc. |author-link=Apple Computer, Inc. |date=February 1982 |orig-year=1978 |url=http://www.brutaldeluxe.fr/documentation/iwm/apple2_IWM_Spec_Rev19_1982.pdf |access-date=2016-08-06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806095036/http://www.brutaldeluxe.fr/documentation/iwm/apple2_IWM_Spec_Rev19_1982.pdf |archive-date=2016-08-06}}</ref>
<ref name="Baccala_1997">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Binary arithmetic |encyclopedia=Connected: An Internet Encyclopedia |author-first=Brent |author-last=Baccala |edition=3rd |date=April 1997 |url=http://www.freesoft.org/CIE/Topics/19.htm |access-date=2015-07-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806094514/http://www.freesoft.org/CIE/Topics/19.htm |archive-date=2016-08-06}}</ref>
<ref name="Intel_1973_MCS-4">{{cite book |title=MCS-4 Assembly Language Programming Manual – The INTELLEC 4 Microcomputer System Programming Manual |chapter=Terms And Abbreviations |edition=Preliminary |publisher=[[Intel Corporation]] |date=December 1973 |location=Santa Clara, California, USA |id=MCS-030-1273-1 |pages=v, ((2–6)) |chapter-url=http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/components/intel/MCS4/MCS-4_Assembly_Language_Programming_Manual_Dec73.pdf |access-date=2020-03-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301235541/http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/components/intel/MCS4/MCS-4_Assembly_Language_Programming_Manual_Dec73.pdf |archive-date=2020-03-01 |quote=[...] [[Bit]] – The smallest unit of information which can be represented. (A bit may be in one of two states I 0 or 1). [...] [[Byte]] – A group of 8 contiguous bits occupying a single memory location. [...] [[Character (computing)|Character]] – A group of 4 contiguous bits of data. [...]}} (NB. This [[Intel 4004]] manual uses the term ''character'' referring to ''4-bit'' rather than 8-bit ''data'' entities. Intel switched to use the more common term ''nibble'' for 4-bit entities in their documentation for the succeeding processor [[Intel 4040|4040]] in 1974 already.)</ref>
<ref name="Intel_1974_MCS-40">{{cite book |title=MCS-40 User's Manual For Logic Designers |chapter=The Functions Of A Computer: Instruction Register And Decoder |publisher=[[Intel Corporation]] |editor-first=Howard A. |editor-last=Raphael |date=November 1974 |location=Santa Clara, California, USA |page=viii |chapter-url=http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/components/intel/MCS40/MCS-40_Users_Manual_Nov74.pdf |access-date=2020-03-03 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303024244/http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/components/intel/MCS40/MCS-40_Users_Manual_Nov74.pdf |archive-date=2020-03-03 |quote=[...] The characteristic eight [[bit]] field is sometimes referred to as a [[byte]], a four bit field can be referred to as a nibble. [...]}}</ref>
}}