Editing Newark, New Jersey (section)

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
|1810= 8008 | 1810n= *
|1820= 6507 | 1820n= *
|1830= 10953
|1840= 17290 | 1840n= *
|1850= 38894
|1860= 71941
|1870= 105059
|1880= 136508
|1890= 181830
|1900= 246070
|1910= 347469 | 1910n= *
|1920= 414524
|1930= 442337 | 1930n= *
|1940= 429760
|1950= 438776
|1960= 405220
|1970= 381930
|1980= 329248
|1990= 275221
|2000= 273546
|2010= 277140
|2020= 311549
| estimate=317303
| estyear=2024
| estref=<ref name=Census2020/><ref name=ANNRNK/><ref name=PopEst>[https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2024/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2024-POP-34.xlsx Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New Jersey: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2024], [[United States Census Bureau]], released May 2025. Accessed May 16, 2025.</ref>
|footnote=Population sources:<small> 1810–1920<ref>[https://dspace.njstatelib.org/xmlui/handle/10929/25218?show=full ''Compendium of censuses 1726–1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226125132/https://dspace.njstatelib.org/xmlui/handle/10929/25218?show=full |date=February 26, 2021 }}, [[New Jersey Department of State]], 1906. Accessed August 6, 2013.</ref><br />1810–1910<ref>Wack, Henry Wellington. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bos-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA56 ''Official guide and manual of the 250th anniversary celebration of the founding of Newark, New Jersey, 1666–1916: The city of Newark, chief industrial center of New Jersey : historical, statistical and general review, together with numerous articles relating to the city and its celebration''], Newark Sales and Advertising Co., 1916. Accessed June 25, 2012.</ref> 1840<ref>[[Francis Bowen|Bowen, Francis]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=DnUFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA231 ''American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge for the Year 1843''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715184554/https://books.google.com/books?id=DnUFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA231 |date=July 15, 2023 }}, p. 231, David H. Williams, 1842. Accessed August 6, 2013. Population for 1840 is listed as 17,303, which is 13 higher than the number shown in other sources.</ref> 1850–1870<ref>Raum, John O. [https://archive.org/details/historyofnewjers02raum/page/245 ''The History of New Jersey: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, Volume 1''], p. 245, J. E. Potter and company, 1877. Accessed August 6, 2013. "Newark is now the largest city in the state and is extensively engaged in manufacturing. The population in 1850 was 38,894; in 1860 71,941; and in 1870, 105,059. The city is divided into fourteen wards."</ref><br />1850<ref>[[J. D. B. De Bow|Debow, James Dunwoody Brownson]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=25TicJOdU0AC&pg=PA138 ''The Seventh Census of the United States: 1850''], p. 138. R. Armstrong, 1853. Accessed August 6, 2013.</ref> 1870<ref>Staff. [https://archive.org/details/acompendiumnint00offigoog/page/n272 <!-- pg=259 --> ''A compendium of the ninth census, 1870''], p. 259. [[United States Census Bureau]], 1872. Accessed August 6, 2013.</ref> 1880–1890<ref>Porter, Robert Percival. [https://books.google.com/books?id=8gUkQkJdLpsC&pg=PA98 ''Preliminary Results as Contained in the Eleventh Census Bulletins: Volume III – 51 to 75''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001194344/https://books.google.com/books?id=8gUkQkJdLpsC&pg=PA98#v=onepage&q&f=false |date=October 1, 2023 }}, p. 98. [[United States Census Bureau]], 1890. Accessed August 6, 2013.</ref><br />1890–1910<ref>[https://archive.org/details/cu31924070698356/page/n343 <!-- pg=336 --> ''Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890''], [[United States Census Bureau]], p. 336. Accessed June 25, 2012.</ref> 1840–1930<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=kifRAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA711 ''Fifteenth Census of the United States: 1930 – Population Volume I''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030213735/https://books.google.com/books?id=kifRAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA711#v=onepage&q&f=false |date=October 30, 2023 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]], p. 711. Accessed February 14, 2012.</ref><br />1940–2000<ref>[https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2kpub/njsdcp3.pdf#page=27 Table 6: New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1940 - 2000] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005222054/https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2kpub/njsdcp3.pdf#page=27 |date=October 5, 2022 }}, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network, August 2001. Accessed May 1, 2023.</ref> 2000<ref name=Census2000>[http://censtats.census.gov/data/NJ/1603451000.pdf Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Newark city, New Jersey] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515010441/http://censtats.census.gov/data/NJ/1603451000.pdf|date=May 15, 2012 }} [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed August 21, 2013.</ref><ref name=Census2000SF1>[http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF1/DP1/0600000US3401351000 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 – Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Newark city, Essex County, New Jersey] {{Webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20200212092633/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF1/DP1/0600000US3401351000|date=February 12, 2020 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed August 21, 2013.</ref><br>2010<ref name=Census2010>[http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0600000US3401351000 DP-1 – Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Newark city, Essex County, New Jersey] {{Webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20200212101658/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0600000US3401351000|date=February 12, 2020 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 14, 2012.</ref><ref name=LWD2010>[http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/dp/dp1_ess/newark1.pdf Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Newark city] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506173006/http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/dp/dp1_ess/newark1.pdf|date=May 6, 2012 }} [[New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development]]. Accessed February 14, 2012.</ref><ref name="Census2010XLS" /><ref name=Census2010Press>[https://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn15.html "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers New Jersey's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208012643/http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/2010_census/cb11-cn15.html |date=February 8, 2011 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]], February 3, 2011. Accessed June 13, 2016.</ref> 2020<ref name=Census2020>[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/newarkcitynewjersey QuickFacts Newark city, New Jersey] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20200213124942/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF3/P007/0600000US3401351000 |date=February 13, 2020 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed December 11, 2022.</ref><ref name=LWD2020>[https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2020/2020%20pl94%20Tables/2020_Mun/MCD%200_All.pdf Total Population: Census 2010 - Census 2020 New Jersey Municipalities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213084623/https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2020/2020%20pl94%20Tables/2020_Mun/MCD%200_All.pdf |date=February 13, 2023 }}, [[New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development]]. Accessed December 1, 2022.</ref><br />* = Territory change in previous decade.<ref name="Story" /></small>
}}
Newark had a population of 311,549 in 2020.<ref name=Census2020/> The [[Population Estimates Program]] calculated a population of 305,344 for 2022, making Newark the [[List of United States cities by population|66th-most populous municipality]] in the nation.<ref name=ANNRNK/> The city was ranked 67th in population in 2010 and 63rd in 2000.<ref name=LargestCities>Gaquin, Deirdre A.; Ryan, Mary Meghan. [https://books.google.com/books?id=_fpgKElHf3UC&pg=PR17 ''Places, Towns, and Townships 2012''], p. xvii. [[Bernan Press]], 2012. {{ISBN|9781598885330}}. Accessed August 6, 2013.</ref><ref>[https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2012/tables/12s0027.pdf Table 27. Incorporated Places With 175,000 or More Inhabitants in 2010—Population: 1970 to 2010] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923235237/http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2012/tables/12s0027.pdf |date=September 23, 2015 }} [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed August 15, 2012.</ref><ref name="Census2010XLS">[http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/2010data/nj_tab1.xls The Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships in 2010 in New Jersey: 2000 and 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113013436/http://lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/census/2010/2010data/nj_tab1.xls |date=January 13, 2016 }} [[New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development]]. Accessed May 12, 2017.</ref>

From 2000 to 2010, the increase of 3,594 inhabitants (+1.3%) from the 273,546 counted in the [[2000 United States census|2000 U.S. census]] marked the second census in 70 years in which the city's population had grown from the previous enumeration.<ref name="Census2010" /><ref name="LWD2010" /><ref>[https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2010/2010data/table7cm.xls Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602092646/https://www.nj.gov/labor/labormarketinformation/assets/PDFs/census/2010/2010data/table7cm.xls |date=June 2, 2022 }} [[New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development]], February 2011. Accessed May 1, 2023.</ref><ref>[http://www.ci.newark.nj.us/userimages/downloads/public_Newark%202010-15%20HUD%20Consolidated%20Plan%20FINAL%20DRAFT.pdf#page=147 2010–2015 HUD Consolidated Plan & 2010–2011 Annual Action Plan] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515155743/http://www.ci.newark.nj.us/userimages/downloads/public_Newark%202010-15%20HUD%20Consolidated%20Plan%20FINAL%20DRAFT.pdf |date=May 15, 2012 }} City of Newark, New Jersey. Accessed November 21, 2012. "The City of Newark has been the most populous city in New Jersey for many years, with a peak population of 442,337 reported in the 1930 Census. Since that peak, however, the City's population has declined as residents migrated to suburban areas."</ref> This trend continued in 2020, where Newark had an increase of 34,409 (12.4%) from the 277,140 counted in the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]], the largest percentage increase in 100 years.

After reaching a peak of 442,337 residents counted in the [[1930 United States census|1930 census]], and a post-war population of 438,776 in 1950, the city's population saw a decline of nearly 40% as residents moved to surrounding suburbs. [[White flight]] from Newark to the suburbs started in the 1940s and accelerated in the 1960s, due in part to the construction of the [[Interstate Highway System]].<ref>Dolan, Thomas. [http://www.newarkmetro.rutgers.edu/reports/display.php?id=17&page=2 "Newark and Its Gateway Complex – Part 2: Old Newark, New Newark"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413030722/http://www.newarkmetro.rutgers.edu/reports/display.php?id=17&page=2 |date=April 13, 2008 }} The Newark Metro. Accessed April 7, 2015. "Even prior to the riots, Newark was on a steady decline as residents began to leave the city. 'White flight' from Newark to the suburbs, which started in the '40s and accelerated in the '60s, meant that an increasing number of people who worked in the city no longer lived there."</ref> The [[1967 Newark riots|1967 riots]] resulted in a significant population loss of the city's middle class, many of them [[American Jews|Jewish]], which continued from the 1970s through to the 1990s.<ref>Burr, Ty. [http://articles.boston.com/2009-10-22/ae/29263138_1_alumni-association-gang-members-principal-stone "Heart of Stone: Seeing the good one man can do"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515183414/http://articles.boston.com/2009-10-22/ae/29263138_1_alumni-association-gang-members-principal-stone |date=May 15, 2012 }} ''[[The Boston Globe]]'', October 22, 2009. Accessed February 15, 2012. "The twin forces of light at Weequahic are principal Ron Stone and the school's alumni association, the latter made up almost entirely of white middle-class Jews. Until the Newark riots and ensuing white flight crippled the neighborhood in the late 1960s, Weequahic was one of the country's finest schools..."</ref> On net, the city lost about 130,000 residents between 1960 and 1990.

At the 2010 census, there were 91,414 households, and 62,239 families in Newark. There were 108,907 housing units at an average density of {{convert|4,552.5|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.<ref name=":0" /> In 2000, there were 273,546 people, 91,382 households, and 61,956 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|11,495.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 100,141 housing units at an average density of 4,208.1 per square mile (1,624.6//km<sup>2</sup>).<ref name="GR2" />

The U.S. Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 [[inflation adjustment|inflation-adjusted]] dollars) [[median household income]] was $35,659 (with a margin of error of +/- $1,009) and the median family income was $41,684 (+/- $1,116). Males had a median income of $34,350 (+/- $1,015) versus $32,865 (+/- $973) for females. The [[per capita income]] for the township was $17,367 (+/- $364). About 22% of families and 25% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 34.9% of those under age 18 and 22.4% of those age 65 or over.<ref>[https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Newark city, Essex County, New Jersey]{{dead link|date=November 2020|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed March 3, 2012.</ref>

The median income for a household in 2000 was $26,913, and the median income for a family was $30,781. Males had a median income of $29,748 versus $25,734 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,009. 28.4% of the population and 25.5% of families were below the poverty line. 36.6% of those under the age of 18 and 24.1% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. The city's unemployment rate was 8.5%.<ref name="Census2000" /><ref name="Census2000SF1" />
[[File:Ethnic Origins in Newark, NJ.png|thumb|Ethnic origins in Newark]]

=== Race and ethnicity ===
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Historical racial composition !! 2020<ref name="Census2020" /> !! 2010<ref>[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/newarkcitynewjersey HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE from the 2020 Census – Sample Data for Newark city, New Jersey] {{Webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20200213124942/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF3/P007/0600000US3401351000 |date=February 13, 2020 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed July 20, 2016.</ref>!! 2000<ref name=Census1790to1990/> !! 1990<ref name=Census1790to1990/> !! 1950<ref name=Census1790to1990/> !! 1900<ref name=Census1790to1990/>
|-
| [[White American|White]] ||22.7% ||26.3% ||26.3% || 28.6% || 82.8% || 97.2%
|-
| └ [[Non-Hispanic White]] || 9.9%|| 11.6%|| 14.3%|| 16.7% || n/a || n/a
|-
| [[African American|Black or African American]] ||48.2% ||52.4% ||53.4% || 58.5% || 17.1% || 2.7%
|-
| [[American Indian and Alaska Native|Native]] ||0.4% ||n/a ||n/a || n/a || n/a || n/a
|-
| [[Asian American|Asian]] ||1.9% ||1.6% ||1.1% || 1.2% || 0.1% || 0.1%
|-
| [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Some other race]] ||n/a ||15.2% ||13.9% || 11.5% || n/a || n/a
|-
| [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Two or more races]] ||8.5% ||3.8% ||5.0% || n/a || n/a || n/a
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race) || 36.8% || 33.8% || 29.4% || 26.0% || n/a || n/a
|}

===2020===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Newark, New Jersey – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 1990<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Jersey: 1990 |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-1/cp-1-32-1.pdf |access-date=June 19, 2024 |archive-date=June 5, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605082907/https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cp-1/cp-1-32-1.pdf? |url-status=live }}</ref>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Newark city, New Jersey|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=160XX00US3451000&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 26, 2024}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Newark city, New Jersey|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3451000&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 26, 2024}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Newark city, New Jersey|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3451000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 26, 2024|archive-date=January 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128021034/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US3451000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|url-status=live}}</ref>
!% 1990
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|45,344
|38,950
|32,122
|style='background: #ffffe6; |24,916
|16.48%
|14.24%
|11.59%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |8.00%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|153,703
|142,083
|138,074
|style='background: #ffffe6; |147,905
|55.85%
|51.94%
|49.82%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |47.47%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|502
|529
|713
|style='background: #ffffe6; |572
|0.18%
|0.19%
|0.26%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.18%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|2,826
|3,138
|4,318
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4,871
|1.03%
|1.15%
|1.56%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1.56%
|-
|[[Native Hawaiian]] or [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|N/A
|69
|68
|style='background: #ffffe6; |63
|N/A
|0.03%
|0.02%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.02%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Other race]] alone (NH)
|1,085
|2,034
|3,899
|style='background: #ffffe6; |7,379
|0.39%
|0.74%
|1.41%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.37%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed race or Multiracial]] (NH)
|N/A
|6,121
|4,200
|style='background: #ffffe6; |12,469
|N/A
|2.24%
|1.52%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.00%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|71,761
|80,622
|93,746
|style='background: #ffffe6; |113,374
|26.07%
|29.47%
|33.83%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |36.39%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''275,221'''
|'''273,546'''
|'''277,140'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''311,549'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}

From the 1950s to 1967, Newark's non-Hispanic white population shrank from 363,000 to 158,000; its black population grew from 70,000 to 220,000.<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/pov/streetfight/special_overview.php "Newark: A Brief History: From Puritan stronghold to industrial mecca to 'Renaissance City,' Newark, New Jersey, one of the poorest cities in the US, has undergone a series of radical transformations."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117051752/http://www.pbs.org/pov/streetfight/special_overview.php |date=November 17, 2015 }}, [[PBS]]. Accessed April 7, 2015.</ref> The percentage of non-Hispanic whites declined from 82.8% in 1950 to 11.6% by 2010.<ref name=Census1790to1990>Gibson, Campbell; and Jung, Kay. [https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2005/demo/POP-twps0076.pdf#page=82 ''Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128120739/https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2005/demo/POP-twps0076.pdf#page=82 |date=January 28, 2021 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]], February 2005. Accessed December 27, 2023.</ref><ref name="census1">[http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/34/3451000.html State & County QuickFacts for Newark (city), New Jersey] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050313174258/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/34/3451000.html |date=March 13, 2005 }} [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed April 7, 2015.</ref><ref name=Arena/> The percentage of Latinos and Hispanics in Newark grew between 1980 and 2010, from 18.6% to 33.8% while that of Blacks and African Americans decreased from 58.2% to 52.4%.<ref>Gillespie, Andra; Perry, Ravi K. (editor). [https://books.google.com/books?id=hHvvH6bd7-YC&pg=PA33 "Chapter 3 – Beyond Booker: Assessing the Prospects of Black and Latino Mayoral Contenders in Newark, New Jersey"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628080818/https://books.google.com/books?id=hHvvH6bd7-YC&pg=PA33#v=onepage&q&f=false |date=June 28, 2024 }} in ''21st Century Urban Race Politics: Representing Minorities as Universal Interests'', p. 33. Emerald Group Publishing, 2013. {{ISBN|9781781901847}}. Accessed April 7, 2015.</ref><ref>Gillespie, Andra. [https://books.google.com/books?id=fnsyedSOpuIC ''The New Black Politician: Cory Booker, Newark, and Post-Racial America''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628081320/https://books.google.com/books?id=fnsyedSOpuIC |date=June 28, 2024 }}, [[New York University Press]], 2012. {{ISBN|978-0814732441}}. Accessed June 13, 2016.</ref><ref>Giambusso, David. [http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2013/09/with_council_president_vote_ras_baraka_could_win_latino_support.html "With Newark council president vote, Ras Baraka could win Latino support"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216004214/http://www.nj.com/essex/index.ssf/2013/09/with_council_president_vote_ras_baraka_could_win_latino_support.html |date=December 16, 2013 }}, ''[[The Star-Ledger]]'', September 22, 2013. Accessed June 13, 2016.</ref><ref>Wharton, Jonathon L. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRZEAgAAQBAJ ''A Post-Racial Change Is Gonna Come Newark, Cory Booker, and the Transformation of Urban America''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628081347/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRZEAgAAQBAJ |date=June 28, 2024 }}, [[Springer Publishing]], 2013. {{ISBN|9781137277725}}. Accessed June 13, 2016.</ref>

At the [[American Community Survey]]'s 2018 estimates, [[non-Hispanic whites]] made up 8.9% of the population. [[African Americans|Black or African Americans]] were 47.0% of the population, [[Asian Americans]] were 2.1%, some other race 1.6%, and [[multiracial Americans]] 1.1%. [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanics or Latinos]] of any race made up 39.2% of the city's population in 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Newark%20city,%20New%20Jersey&g=1600000US3451000&hidePreview=false&tid=ACSDP1Y2018.DP05&vintage=2018&layer=VT_2018_160_00_PY_D1&cid=DP05_0001E|title=2018 ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates|website=data.census.gov|access-date=March 28, 2020|archive-date=August 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804104935/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Newark%20city%2C%20New%20Jersey&g=1600000US3451000&hidePreview=false&tid=ACSDP1Y2018.DP05&vintage=2018&layer=VT_2018_160_00_PY_D1&cid=DP05_0001E|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2010, 35.74% of the population was white, 58.86% African American, 3.99% Native American or Alaska Native, 2.19% Asian, .01% Pacific Islander, 10.4% from other races, and 10.95% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race made up 33.39% of the population at the 2010 U.S. census.<ref name=":0" />

The racial makeup of the city in 2000 was 53.46% (146,250) black or African American, 26.52% (72,537) white, 1.19% (3,263) Asian, 0.37% (1,005) Native American, 0.05% (135) Pacific Islander, 14.05% (38,430) from other races, and 4.36% (11,926) from two or more races. 29.47% (80,622) of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.<ref name="Census2000" /><ref name="Census2000SF1" /> 49.2% of the city's 80,622 residents who identified themselves as Hispanic or Latino were from [[Puerto Rico]], while 9.4% were from [[Ecuador]] and 7.8% from the [[Dominican Republic]].<ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF1/QTP9/1600000US3451000 QT-P9 – Hispanic or Latino by Type: 2000 from the Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Newark city, New Jersey] {{Webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20200212095243/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF1/QTP9/1600000US3451000 |date=February 12, 2020 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed August 21, 2013.</ref> There is a significant Portuguese-speaking community concentrated in the [[Ironbound]] district. 2000 census data showed that Newark had 15,801 residents of Portuguese ancestry (5.8% of the population), while an additional 5,805 (2.1% of the total) were of Brazilian ancestry.<ref>[http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF3/QTP13/1600000US3451000 QT-P13 – Ancestry: 2000 from the Census 2000 Summary File 3 (SF 3) – Sample Data for Newark city, New Jersey] {{Webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20200212112207/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/00_SF3/QTP13/1600000US3451000 |date=February 12, 2020 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed August 21, 2013.</ref>

In advance of the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]], city officials made a push to encourage residents to respond and participate in the enumeration, citing calculations by city officials that as many as 30,000 people were not reflected in estimates by the [[United States Census Bureau|Census Bureau]], which resulted in the loss of government aid and political representation.<ref>Cohn, D'Vera. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/2000-03/25/053r-032500-idx.html "In Newark, a High-Stakes Push to Improve the Census; Overlooked Residents Cost City Dearly in '90s"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510160205/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/2000-03/25/053r-032500-idx.html |date=May 10, 2017 }}, ''[[The Washington Post]]'', March 25, 2000. Accessed June 14, 2016. "Census estimates show that Newark's population has leveled off at 267,000 after dropping for decades. Newark officials, including Campana, the city's assistant business manager and chief census technocrat, insist there are more than 300,000 people here."</ref> It is believed that heavily immigrant areas of Newark were significantly undercounted in the 2010 census, especially in the East Ward. Many households refused to participate in the census, with immigrants often reluctant to submit census forms because they believed that the information could be used to justify their deportation.<ref>Mascarenhas, Rohan. [http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/04/census_bureau_makes_final_push.html "Census Bureau makes final push for N.J. residents to submit forms"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113103407/http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/04/census_bureau_makes_final_push.html |date=November 13, 2011 }}, ''[[The Star-Ledger]]'', April 15, 2010. Accessed September 13, 2011.</ref>

At one time, there was an [[Italian Americans|Italian American]] community in the [[Seventh Avenue, Newark|Seventh Avenue]] neighborhood.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://orderisda.org/culture/la-nostra-voce/the-vanishing-of-the-first-ward-newarks-original-little-italy/|title= The Vanishing of the First Ward, Newark's Original Little Italy|date= September 7, 2020|access-date= September 24, 2023|archive-date= June 27, 2023|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230627123806/https://orderisda.org/culture/la-nostra-voce/the-vanishing-of-the-first-ward-newarks-original-little-italy/|url-status= live}}</ref>

=== Religion ===
[[File:Lucy RCC Newark jeh.jpg|thumb|[[St. Lucy's Church (Newark, New Jersey)|St. Lucy's Church]] in the [[(Seventh Avenue, Newark)|Old First Ward]] is home to the National Shrine of [[Gerard Majella|St. Gerard]] where followers continue to seek the Catholic saint's intercession on fertility and safe delivery in childbirth.]]
[[File:Mt Olive AME Church Newark jeh.jpg|thumb|upright=1|Mt. Olive African Methodist Episcopal Church|left]]
[[File:Ahavas Sholom Newark Front.JPG|thumb|upright=1|Congregation Ahavas Sholom, a Newark [[synagogue]]]]
Roughly 60% of Newarkers identified with a religion as of 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bestplaces.net/religion/city/new_jersey/newark|title=Newark, New Jersey Religion|website=www.bestplaces.net|access-date=March 28, 2020|archive-date=March 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328225611/https://www.bestplaces.net/religion/city/new_jersey/newark|url-status=live}}</ref> The largest [[Christianity|Christian]] group in Newark is the [[Catholic Church]] (34.3%), followed by [[Baptists]] (5.2%). The city's Catholic population are divided into [[Latin Church|Latin]] and [[Eastern Catholic Churches|Eastern Catholics]]. The Latin Church-based [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark|Archdiocese of Newark]], serving [[Bergen County, New Jersey|Bergen]], [[Essex County, New Jersey|Essex]], [[Hudson County, New Jersey|Hudson]] and [[Union County, New Jersey|Union]] counties, is headquartered in the city. Its [[episcopal see|episcopal seat]] is the [[Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart (Newark)|Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart]]. Eastern Catholics in the area are served by the [[Syriac Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Deliverance of Newark]], an [[eparchy]] of the [[Syriac Catholic Church]], and by the [[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Philadelphia|Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy]] of [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]. Baptist churches in Newark are affiliated with the [[American Baptist Churches USA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abc-usa.org/find-a-church/|title=Find A Church – ABCUSA|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=August 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806062430/http://www.abc-usa.org/find-a-church/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Progressive National Baptist Convention]], the [[National Baptist Convention of America International, Inc.|National Baptist Convention of America]], and [[National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.|National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc]].

Following, 2.4% identified with [[Methodism]] and the [[United Methodist Church]] and [[African Methodist Episcopal Church|African Methodist Episcopal]] and [[African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church|AME Zion]] churches.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.umc.org/en/find-a-church/search|title=Search – Find A Church|website=The United Methodist Church|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=April 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413050031/https://www.umc.org/en/find-a-church/search|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ame-church.com/directory/find-a-church/|title=Find a Church|last=Church|first=A. M. E.|website=AME Church|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=April 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415105527/https://www.ame-church.com/directory/find-a-church/|url-status=live}}</ref> 1.6% of Christian Newarkers are [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] and 1.3% identified as [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]]. The Presbyterian community is dominated by the [[Presbyterian Church (USA)]] and [[Presbyterian Church in America]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pcusa.org/search/congregations/?criteria=Newark,+NJ&distance=15&by_location=Search&congregation=&presbytery=|title=Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) – Resources|last=Church (U.S.A.)|first=Presbyterian|date=April 8, 2020|website=www.pcusa.org|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=June 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628081421/https://www.pcusa.org/search/congregations/?criteria=Newark,+NJ&distance=15&by_location=Search&congregation=&presbytery=|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pcaac.org/church-directory/|title=Church Directory|website=PCA Administrative Committee|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=February 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200209183851/https://www.pcaac.org/church-directory/|url-status=live}}</ref> The Pentecostal community is dominated by the [[Church of God in Christ]] and [[Assemblies of God USA]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ag.org/Resources/Directories/Find%20a%20Church?C=Newark&S=NJ|title=Find a Church|website=ag.org|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=August 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804084934/https://ag.org/Resources/Directories/Find%20a%20Church?C=Newark&S=NJ|url-status=live}}</ref>

0.9% of Christians in the city and nearby suburbs identify as [[Anglicanism|Anglican or Episcopalian]]. Most are served by the [[Episcopal Diocese of Newark|Newark Diocese]] of the [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church in the United States]]. The remainder identified with [[Continuing Anglican movement|Continuing Anglican]] or [[Evangelical Anglicanism|Evangelical Episcopal]] bodies including the [[Reformed Episcopal Church]] and [[Anglican Church in North America]]. ACNA and REC-affiliated churches form the [[Diocese of the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic]].

0.6% of Christians are members of the [[Latter Day Saint movement]], followed by [[Lutheranism|Lutherans]] (0.2%). 3.0% of the city's Christian populace were of other Christian denominations including the [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern]] and [[Oriental Orthodox Churches|Oriental Orthodox]] churches,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goarch.org/parishes|title=Parishes|website=www.goarch.org|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=April 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200403152526/https://www.goarch.org/parishes|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oca.org/parishes/state/NJ|title=Parishes – New Jersey|website=www.oca.org|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=August 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804085815/https://www.oca.org/parishes/state/NJ|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Independent sacramental movement|Independent sacramental churches]], the [[Jehovah's Witnesses]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apps.jw.org/ui/E/meeting-search.html#/weekly-meetings/search/E/Newark,%20NJ,%20USA/40.735657,-74.172367/|title=Find a Meeting|website=apps.jw.org|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=March 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327102107/https://apps.jw.org/ui/E/meeting-search.html#/weekly-meetings/search/E/Newark,%20NJ,%20USA/40.735657,-74.172367/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Nondenominational Christianity|non-denominational Protestants]], and the [[United Church of Christ]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ucc.org/find|title=Find Churches Near Me, Church Directory|website=United Church of Christ|access-date=April 8, 2020|archive-date=April 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409065756/https://www.ucc.org/find|url-status=live}}</ref> The largest Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions in Newark include the [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America]] ([[Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople|Ecumenical Patriarchate]]) and the [[Orthodox Church in America Diocese of New York and New Jersey|Diocese]] of [[New York (state)|New York]] and New Jersey ([[Orthodox Church in America]]). The largest Oriental Orthodox bodies include the [[Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria]] and [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]].

[[Judaism]] and [[Islam]] were tied as the second-largest religious community (3.0%). Up until 1967, Jewish Americans formed a substantial portion of the middle class. Currently, [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]], [[Shia Islam|Shia]] and [[Ahmadiyya]] Muslims are the largest Islamic denominational demographic, though some Muslims in the area may be [[Quranism|Quranists]]. Most Sunni [[mosque]]s are members of the [[Islamic Society of North America]]. The Nation of Islam had a [[Mosque No. 25|former mosque]] in Newark presided by [[Louis Farrakhan]].

A little over 1.2% practiced an eastern religion including [[Sikhism]], [[Hinduism]], and [[Buddhism]]. The remainder of Newark was [[spiritual but not religious]], [[Agnosticism|agnostic]], [[Deism|deistic]], or [[Atheism|atheist]], though some Newarkers identified with [[Modern Paganism|neo-pagan]] religions including [[Wicca]] and other smaller [[new religious movement]]s.