Editing New Zealand English (section)

==Vocabulary==
New Zealand English has a number of dialectal words and phrases.<ref name="NZImm">{{cite web |title=English and the official languages of New Zealand |url=https://www.new-zealand-immigration.com/migrate-to-new-zealand/language/ |website=New Zealand Immigration Concepts |language=en-NZ}}</ref> These are mostly informal terms that are more common in casual speech. Numerous [[loanword]]s have been taken from the [[Māori language]] or from Australian English.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Introduction to New Zealand English |url=https://www.oed.com/discover/introduction-to-new-zealand-english/?tl=true |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240824045648/https://www.oed.com/discover/introduction-to-new-zealand-english/?tl=true |archive-date=2024-08-24 |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=www.oed.com |language=en}}</ref>

New Zealand adopted decimal currency in 1967 and the [[Metrication in New Zealand|metric system]] in 1974. Despite this, several imperial measures are still widely encountered and usually understood, such as feet and inches for a person's height, pounds and ounces for an infant's birth weight, and in colloquial terms such as referring to drinks in pints.<ref>[http://www.consumeraffairs.govt.nz/news-1/consumer-alerts/when-is-a-pint-not-a-pint "When is a pint not a pint? "] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207161708/http://www.consumeraffairs.govt.nz/news-1/consumer-alerts/when-is-a-pint-not-a-pint |date=7 February 2013 }}, Ministry of Consumer Affairs</ref><ref>[http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/local-papers/the-wellingtonian/7621775/Is-a-pint-really-a-pint-in-Wellington "Is a pint really a pint in Wellington? "], 6 September 2012, The Wellingtonian</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Dignan | first1 = J. R. E. | last2 = O'Shea | first2 = R. P. | year = 1995 |title = Human use of metric measures of length | journal = New Zealand Journal of Psychology | volume = 24 | pages = 21–25 }}</ref> In the food manufacturing industry in New Zealand both metric and non-metric systems of weight are used and usually understood, owing to raw food products being imported from both metric and non-metric countries. However, per the December 1976 Weights and Measures Amendment Act, all foodstuffs must be retailed using the metric system.<ref>[http://lamar.colostate.edu/~hillger/international.html#new_zealand Metric usage and metrication in other countries]. U.S. Metric Association (USMA), Inc. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831004546/http://lamar.colostate.edu/~hillger/international.html|date=31 August 2012}}</ref> In general, the knowledge of non-metric units is lessening.{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}}

Both the words ''amongst'' and ''among'' are used, as in British English. The same is true for two other pairs, ''whilst'' and ''while'' and ''amidst'' and ''amid''.{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}}

===Australian English influences===
New Zealand English terms of Australian origin include ''bushed'' (lost or bewildered), ''chunder'' (to vomit), ''cooker'' (a derogatory term for [[Conspiracy_theory|conspiracy theorists]]), ''drongo'' (a foolish or stupid person), ''[[Fossicking|fossick]]'' (to search), ''larrikin'' (mischievous person), ''Maccas'' (slang for [[McDonald's]]), ''maimai'' (a duckshooter's hide; originally a makeshift shelter, from aboriginal ''mia-mia''), ''[[paddock]]'' ([[Field (agriculture)|field]], or [[meadow]]), ''pom'' or ''pommy'' (an Englishman), ''skite'' (verb: to boast), ''station'' (for a very large farm), ''wowser'' (non-drinker of alcohol, or killjoy), and ''ute'' ([[pickup truck]]).{{citation needed|date=November 2018}}

=== American English influences ===
Advancing from its British and Australian English origins, New Zealand English has evolved to include many terms of American origin, or which are otherwise used in American English, in preference over the equivalent contemporary British terms. In a number of instances, terms of British and American origin can be used interchangeably. Many American borrowings are not unique to New Zealand English, and may be found in other dialects of English, including British English.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vine |first=Bernardette |date=1999 |title=Americanisms in the New Zealand English Lexicon |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-971X.00118 |journal=World Englishes |language=en |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=13–22 |doi=10.1111/1467-971X.00118 |issn=0883-2919}}</ref> Some examples of such words in New Zealand English are the preferred usage of the American ''bobby pin'' over the British ''hair pin'',<ref>{{cite news |title=Why I'm moving into a bus with an 11-year-old, a dog and a cat |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/renting/300244904/why-im-moving-into-a-bus-with-an-11yearold-a-dog-and-a-cat |access-date=17 April 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=21 March 2021 |quote=I read about a woman who bartered her way up from a bobby pin to a small cabin. I don’t have enough faith or spare time for that, and I can never find a bobby pin when I need it |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323060659/https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/homed/renting/300244904/why-im-moving-into-a-bus-with-an-11yearold-a-dog-and-a-cat |archive-date=23 March 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> ''muffler'' for ''silencer'',<ref>{{cite news |title=An illustrated history of electric car design |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/motoring/evs/124743456/an-illustrated-history-of-electric-car-design |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=15 April 2021 |quote=Milton O. Reeves and Marshall T. Reeves invented the first muffler to reduce petrol engine noise |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818115320/https://www.stuff.co.nz/motoring/evs/124743456/an-illustrated-history-of-electric-car-design |archive-date=18 August 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> ''truck'' for ''lorry'', ''station wagon'' for ''estate car'',<ref>{{cite news |title=Lessons learned after living with a Nissan Leaf |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/motoring/evs/124857656/lessons-learned-after-living-with-a-nissan-leaf |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=16 April 2021 |quote=it would be better if it was a little more squared off like a station wagon. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425055345/https://www.stuff.co.nz/motoring/evs/124857656/lessons-learned-after-living-with-a-nissan-leaf |archive-date=25 April 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> ''stove'' for ''cooker'', ''creek''<ref>{{cite dictionary|url= https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/creek |title=Creek definition and meaning |dictionary=[[Collins English Dictionary]]}}</ref> over ''brook'' or ''stream'', ''eggplant'' for ''aubergine'', ''median strip'' for ''central reservation'',<ref>{{cite news |title=Safe-hit posts installed on State Highway 1 near Ōhakea to stop overtaking on median strip |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/300038987/safehit-posts-installed-on-state-highway-1-near-hakea-to-stop-overtaking-on-median-strip |access-date=17 April 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=21 June 2020 |language=en}}</ref> ''pushup'' for ''press-up'', and ''potato chip'' for ''potato crisp''.<ref>{{cite news |title=McCain resumes normal chip production after Covid induced backlog |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/timaru-herald/news/122595783/mccain-resumes-normal-chip-production-after-covid-induced-backlog |access-date=17 April 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=4 September 2020 |quote=With Kiwis eating fewer hot chips during lockdown, one of New Zealand’s largest potato chip manufacturers was forced to cut production significantly}}</ref>

Other examples of vocabulary directly borrowed from American English include ''[[the boonies]]'', ''bucks'' (dollars), ''butt'' (bum or arse), ''ding'' (dent), ''dude'', ''duplex'', ''faggot'' or ''fag'' (interchangeable with the British ''poof'' and ''poofter''), ''figure''<ref>{{cite dictionary |url= https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/figure |title=Figure definition and meaning|dictionary=[[Collins English Dictionary]]}}</ref> (to think or conclude; consider), ''hightail it'', ''homeboy'', ''hooker'', ''lagoon'', ''lube'' (oil change), ''man'' (in place of ''mate'' or ''bro'' in direct address), ''major'' (to study or qualify in a subject), ''to be over'' [some situation] (be fed up), ''rig'' (large truck),<ref>{{cite news |title=Big-rig driver helps end police chase in California by blocking getaway car |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/motoring/300272762/bigrig-driver-helps-end-police-chase-in-california-by-blocking-getaway-car |access-date=17 April 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=9 April 2021}}</ref> ''sheltered workshop'' (workplace for disabled persons),<ref>{{cite news |title=Closing sheltered workshops did more harm than good for intellectually disabled |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/opinion/79045618/closing-sheltered-workshops-did-more-harm-than-good-for-intellectually-disabled |access-date=17 April 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=18 April 2016}}</ref> ''spat''<ref>{{cite dictionary|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/spat|title=Spat definition and meaning |dictionary=[[Collins English Dictionary]]}}</ref> (a small argument), and ''subdivision'', and ''tavern''.<ref>{{cite dictionary|url= https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/tavern |title=Tavern definition and meaning |dictionary=[[Collins English Dictionary]]}}</ref>

Regarding grammar, ''gotten'' can be used as opposed to the standard British ''got'' in New Zealand English in [[Active voice|active]] contexts, though some speakers do not use it.<ref>{{Cite book |title=New Zealand English |last=Bell |first=Allan |publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company |year=1999 |location=Philadelphia, USA |url=https://archive.org/details/newzealandenglis00bell |pages=181|isbn=978-1-55619-723-9 }}</ref> It has been increasing in usage in recent years and is rarely written down.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.cambridge.org/nz/universitypress/subjects/languages-linguistics/historical-linguistics/standards-english-codified-varieties-around-world |title=Standards of English: Codified Varieties around the World |date=December 2012 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=9780521763899 |pages=328 |language=}}</ref>

===New Zealandisms===
[[File:Thames Kumara n.jpg|thumb|Kūmara ([[sweet potato]]es) for sale in [[Thames, New Zealand|Thames]], New Zealand]]
{{more citations needed|section|date=September 2019}}
Some English words are used almost exclusively in New Zealand.

* ''[[Bach (New Zealand)|bach]]'' (noun) – cheaply built and basic holiday home; located at beaches throughout the country<ref>{{Citation |last=Deverson |first=Tony |title=bach |date=2010 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001/acref-9780195584974-e-201 |work=The Oxford Dictionary of New Zealandisms |access-date=2023-11-16 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-558497-4}}</ref>
* ''Carbonettes'' (noun, especially in the [[North Island]]) – pieces of charcoal used in barbecues<ref name="genderi.org">{{Cite web |title=CHAPTER II. EXAMPLES OF COMMON WORDS AND GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE USED IN NEW ZEALAND |url=http://www.genderi.org/foreign-languages.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510183232/http://www.genderi.org/foreign-languages.html |url-status=usurped |archive-date=10 May 2024 |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.genderi.org |language=az}}</ref>
* ''convert'' (verb) – to steal a car, hence also the name for car theft being ''car conversion''<ref name="genderi.org"/>
* ''chur'' (interj) — hello, cheers, thanks<ref>{{Cite news |title=Chur - te reo Māori words now official and included in the new Oxford English Dictionary |last=Los'e |first=Joseph |date=2023-03-15 |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/kahu/chur-te-reo-maori-words-now-official-and-included-in-the-new-oxford-english-dictionary/3MINW42AQ5H5RICNKW5PLEZH6U/ |access-date=2024-11-24 |work=[[New Zealand Herald]] }}</ref>
* ''[[Bach (New Zealand)|crib]]'' (noun) – similar to ''bach'' (above), used more in [[Otago]] and [[Southland, New Zealand|Southland]]<ref>{{Citation |last=Deverson |first=Tony |title=crib |date=2010 |work=The Oxford Dictionary of New Zealandisms |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001/acref-9780195584974-e-1159 |access-date=2024-05-30 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-558497-4}}</ref>
* ''[[Dairy (store)|dairy]]'' (noun) – corner shop; convenience store.<ref>{{Citation |last=Deverson |first=Tony |title=dairy |date=2010 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001/acref-9780195584974-e-1236 |work=The Oxford Dictionary of New Zealandisms |access-date=2023-11-16 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-558497-4}}</ref>
* ''durry'' (noun'') –'' cigarette<ref>{{Citation |last=Deverson |first=Tony |title=durry |date=2010 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001/acref-9780195584974-e-1456 |work=The Oxford Dictionary of New Zealandisms |access-date=2023-11-16 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-558497-4}}</ref>
* ''[[eh]]?'' (particle) – used to elicit a response. Used much more in New Zealand than in the stereotypical [[Canadian English]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113796639/why-do-new-zealanders-say-eh-so-much|title=Why do New Zealanders say 'eh' so much?|first=Joel|last=MacManus|date=29 Jun 2019|access-date=25 May 2021|work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] }}</ref>
* ''handle'' (noun) – a 425–500 mL glass of beer with a handle, as sold in pubs<ref>{{Cite web |title=Handle Definition & Meaning {{!}} Britannica Dictionary |url=https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/handle |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''hardout/hard'' – used to show agreement, or used to show emphasis/intensity. Examples: Agreement: "Yeah hard/hardout". "He was running hardout."<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Zealand slang {{!}} 100% Pure New Zealand |url=https://www.newzealand.com/uk/new-zealand-slang/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=www.newzealand.com |language=en-GB}}</ref>
* ''heaps'' (adjective, adverb) – abundant, plenty, plentifully. Examples: "There are heaps of cops surrounding the house." "I love you heaps." "Give it heaps!" – give it your best effort!<ref name="NZImm"/> often in cooking someone would say, "that's heaps" meaning 'that's too much'  (also used in Australia)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-28 |title=Definition of HEAP |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/heap |access-date=2024-06-30 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}</ref>{{Citation needed|date=August 2023}}
* ''[[Hokey pokey (ice cream)|hokey pokey]]'' (noun) – the New Zealand term for [[honeycomb toffee]]; also a flavour of [[ice cream]] consisting of plain vanilla ice cream with small, solid lumps of honeycomb toffee.<ref>[http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19271219.2.166.2&srpos=1&e=01-01-1839-19-01-1933--10--1-byDA---0hokey+pokey+recipe-- "Hokey Pokey"], Recipe, ''Evening Post'', 1927</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.chelsea.co.nz/recipes/210/hokey-pokey.aspx |title=Chelsea Sugar – Hokey Pokey |publisher=Chelsea.co.nz |access-date=28 October 2010 |archive-date=26 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426123321/http://www.chelsea.co.nz/recipes/210/hokey-pokey.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kiwiwise.co.nz/recipe/hokey-pokey |title=Hokey Pokey – New Zealand Kids Recipe at KiwiWise |publisher=Kiwiwise.co.nz |access-date=28 October 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kiwianatown.co.nz/kiwiana-recipes.html |title=Popular Kiwi recipes – pavlova, anzac biscuits, roast lamb, pikelets etc |publisher=Kiwianatown.co.nz |access-date=28 October 2010 |archive-date=4 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100604103210/http://www.kiwianatown.co.nz/kiwiana-recipes.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* ''jandals'' (noun) – the NZ term for [[flip-flops]]. Originally a trademarked name derived from "Japanese sandals".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/timeline/04/10|access-date=22 February 2017|title=Morris Yock trademarks the jandal|date=4 October 1957|publisher=New Zealand History}}</ref>
* ''jug'' (noun) – a kettle  (also used in Australia)<ref>{{Citation |last=Deverson |first=Tony |title=jug |date=2010 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001/acref-9780195584974-e-2435 |work=The Oxford Dictionary of New Zealandisms |access-date=2023-11-16 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-558497-4}}</ref>
* ''kai'' (noun) – [[Māori language|Māori]] word meaning food, or something to eat, used by Māori and [[Pākehā]] alike<ref>{{Citation |last=Deverson |first=Tony |title=kai |date=2010 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001/acref-9780195584974-e-2457 |work=The Oxford Dictionary of New Zealandisms |access-date=2023-11-16 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584974.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-558497-4}}</ref>
* ''kūmara'' (noun) – sweet potato,<ref>{{cite web |title=kumara |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/kumara |website=dictionary.com |access-date=1 April 2022}}</ref> specifically those historically cultivated by Māori.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of KUMARA |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/kumara |access-date=2024-05-10}}</ref> 
* ''munted'' (adj.) – broken; ruined; wrecked<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=English language in New Zealand - New words |encyclopedia=Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand |last=Bardsley |first=Dianne |year=2013 |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/40335/munted |access-date=13 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |title=Oxford English Dictionary extends hunt for regional words around the world |website=The Guardian |date=19 June 2018 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jun/19/oxford-english-dictionary-extends-hunt-for-regional-words-around-the-world |access-date=12 December 2024}}</ref>
* ''puckerood'' (adj) – broken; busted; wrecked.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/puckerood|access-date=30 July 2017|title=Definition of puckerood|work=Collins English Dictionary}}</ref> From Māori "''pakaru''" – to shatter<ref>{{Cite dictionary|title=pakaru |url=https://maoridictionary.co.nz/word/4982 |access-date=2024-04-18 |dictionary=Te Aka Māori Dictionary |language=en}}</ref>
* ''sweet as!'' (interj) – cool; awesome<ref name=nmit>{{cite web |title=What are some of the slang terms I will hear in New Zealand? |url=https://support.nmit.ac.nz/kb/articles/what-are-some-of-the-slang-terms-i-will-hear-in-new-zealand |publisher=Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology |access-date=19 February 2019 |archive-date=19 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219183356/https://support.nmit.ac.nz/kb/articles/what-are-some-of-the-slang-terms-i-will-hear-in-new-zealand |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="NZImm"/> 
* ''tramping'' (noun)'' tramp'' (verb) – Bushwalking, hiking. Usage is exclusive to New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Flickerwell |title=New Zealand Style Guide |url=https://styleguide.nz/ |access-date=2025-03-07 |website=New Zealand Style Guide |language=en-NZ}}</ref>

===Differences from Australian English===
Many of these relate to words used to refer to common items, often based on which major brands become [[Proprietary eponym|eponym]]s.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
|-
! style="width:120px;"| NZ !! style="width:120px;"| Australia
! Translation to US/UK English
|-
|valign=top| [[cooler|chilly bin]]
|valign=top| [[Esky]]<ref group=note name=tm>a [[generic trademark|genericised trademark]]</ref>
|valign=top| An insulated box used to keep food or drink cool, also known as a [[cooler]]
|-
| [[Bach (New Zealand)|bach]]<br/>crib<ref group=note>''Crib'' is mainly used in the southern part of the South Island, ''bach'' in the rest of New Zealand.</ref>
|valign=top| [[shack]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://homes.ninemsn.com.au/houseandgarden/advice/8214763/home-for-the-holidays-queensland-beach-shack |title=Queensland beach shack |last=Nixon |first=Kate |date=3 January 2011 |publisher=Homes.ninemsn.com.au |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105105558/http://homes.ninemsn.com.au/houseandgarden/advice/8214763/home-for-the-holidays-queensland-beach-shack |archive-date=5 November 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=21 September 2011 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|valign=top| a small, often very modest [[vacation property|holiday property]], often at the seaside
|-
|valign=top| [[Dairy (store)|dairy]]<ref group=note>In larger cities in New Zealand ''convenience store'' is used due to immigration (and to current NZ law forbidding a dairy from selling alcohol<!--http://www.chenpalmer.com/WhatsNew/LatestArticles/tabid/85/ctl/ViewPressRelease/mid/435/PressReleaseID/54/ReturnTab/79/Default.aspx{{dead link|date=November 2010}}-->), though ''dairy'' is used commonly in conversation.</ref>
|valign=top| [[milk bar]]<br/>[[Delicatessen|deli]]
|valign=top| [[Convenience store]], a small store selling mainly food
|-
|valign=top| drinking fountain<br/>water fountain
|valign=top| [[bubbler]] 
|valign=top| Drinking fountain. (Bubbler is also used in some parts of the United States, like Rhode Island and Wisconsin)
|-
|valign=top| [[duvet]]
|valign=top| Doona<ref group=note name=tm/>
|valign=top| Doona is an Australian trade mark for a brand of duvet/quilt. 
|-
|valign=top| [[ice pop|ice block]]<br/>[[Ice pop|pop]]sicle
|valign=top| ice block<br/>Icy Pole<ref group=note name=tm/>
|valign=top| [[Ice pop]], [[ice lolly]]
|-
|valign=top| [[jandals]]<ref group=note>The word ''jandals'' was originally a trademarked name derived from "Japanese sandals".</ref>
|valign=top| thongs
|valign=top| [[Flip-flops]]
|-
|valign=top| [[thong]], [[G-string]]
|valign=top| [[G-string]]
|valign=top| [[Thong]]
|-
|valign=top| [[cotton candy|candy floss]]
|valign=top| fairy floss
|valign=top| Candy floss in the UK, [[cotton candy]] in the US
|-
|valign=top| [[cattle grid|cattle stop]]
|valign=top| cattle grid
|valign=top| A device for preventing cattle wandering onto country roads
|-
|valign=top| sallies
|valign=top| salvos
|valign=top| Followers of the [[Salvation Army]] church; also the second-hand shops run by the Salvation Army Church.
|-
|valign=top| [[speed bump]]<br/>speed hump<br/>judder bar<ref>judder bar. Collins English Dictionary&nbsp;— Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved 3 September 2012 from [http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/judder-bar collinsdictionary.com]
</ref><ref group=note>The term ''judder bar'' is regional in its usage in New Zealand, and is rarely encountered in some parts of the country.</ref>
|valign=top| speed bump<br/>speed hump<ref group=note>The latter is used in [[New South Wales]] and [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]</ref>
|valign=top| A raised section of road used to deter excessive speed
|-
|valign=top| no exit
|valign=top| no through road
|valign=top| Signage for a road with a dead end, a [[cul-de-sac]]
|-
|valign=top| [[correction fluid|Twink]]<ref group=note name=tm/>
|valign=top| [[Liquid Paper]]<ref group=note name=tm/><br/>[[Wite-Out]]<ref group=note name=tm/>
|valign=top| [[Correction fluid]]. Twink is a New Zealand brand name which has entered the vernacular as a generic term, being the first product of its kind introduced in the 1980s. The common Australian general term is white-out.<ref>{{cite web |title=Search Results |url=https://www.jasonl.com.au/pages/search-results-page?q=liquid |access-date=30 September 2017 |website=Officeworks.com.au}}</ref> Liquid Paper is also a brand name which is sometimes used as a generic term in Australia or New Zealand. As with other countries (but not Australia) the European brand [[Tipp-Ex]] is also available in New Zealand and is sometimes used as a generic term as well.
|-
|valign=top| [[motorway]]
|valign=top| [[freeway]], [[motorway]]
|valign=top| In Australia, [[controlled-access highway]]s can be named as either freeway (a term not used in NZ; generally used in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]) or motorway (used in NZ, as well as [[New South Wales]], [[Queensland]], etc.), depending on the state. Tolled roads are common in some cities in Australia, and the term freeway is not used for roads that require a toll for use, the implication being that their use is not "free". "Highway" is common outside major cities in Australia.
|-
|valign=top| "[[kia ora]]"<br>"howdy"<br/>"g'day"<br>"hello"
|valign=top| "g'day"<br/>"hello" (etc.)
|valign=top| Although the greeting "g'day" is as common in New Zealand as it is in Australia, the term "howdy" can be heard throughout New Zealand<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.classic-computers.org.nz/forums/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=1615|title=New Zealand Vintage Computer Forums • View topic – Howdy gents...|website=Classivc-computers.org.nz|access-date=30 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jefit.com/forum/showthread.php?24160-Howdy-from-New-Zealand|title=Howdy from New Zealand|website=Jefit.com|date=26 December 2012 |access-date=30 September 2017}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Two forum posts aren't adequate to establish consensus and this seems like original research, is there an academic source for this?|date=May 2022}} but not as frequently in Australia. This contraction of "how do you do?" is actually of English origin (South English dialect {{circa|1860}}), however is contemporarily associated with cowboys and Southern American English, particularly [[Texan English]] where it is a common greeting. It is possible the NZ origin is from the earlier British usage. In present day, "howdy" is not commonly used, with "how are you?" being more ubiquitous. When a rising intonation is used the phrase may be interpreted as an enquiry, but when slurred quickly and/or with a descending intonation, may be used as a casual greeting.
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|valign=top| togs
|valign=top| bathers, swimmers, togs
|valign=top| A [[bathing suit]]. In NZ, "togs" is used throughout the country. In Australia however, it is one of the most well-known examples of regional variation in Australian English. The term for a bathing suit is "bathers" in the southern states as well as [[Western Australia]] and the [[Northern Territory]], "swimmers" in [[New South Wales]] and the [[Australian Capital Territory]] and "togs" in [[Queensland]].
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|valign=top| vivid, sharpie
|valign=top| texta
|valign=top| A [[marker pen]]; permanent marker. These are common brand names in their respective countries and they have become generic terms.
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|valign=top| tramping <br/>hiking<ref>{{Cite web |title=The great hiking vs tramping debate {{!}} Stories |url=https://www.mountainsafety.org.nz/read/the-great-hiking-vs-tramping-debate |access-date=2025-04-14 |website=NZMSC |language=en-US}}</ref>
|valign=top| bushwalking <br/>(or less commonly) hiking
|valign=top| Travel through open or (more often) forested areas on foot
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|colspan="3"| ''Notes''
{{reflist|group=note}}
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