Editing Neocolonialism (section)

===Cold War===
{{Main|Cold War}}
During the mid-to-late 20th century, in the course of the ideological conflict between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R., each country and its [[satellite state]]s accused each other of practising neocolonialism in their [[Imperialism|imperial]] and [[Hegemony|hegemonic]] pursuits.<ref name="KanetMiner1992">{{cite book |first1=Roger E. |last1=Kanet |first2=Deborah N. |last2=Miner |first3=Tamara J. |last3=Resler |title=Soviet Foreign Policy in Transition |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=U9cNYHGVzzsC|page=149}} |date=April 2, 1992|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-41365-7 |pages=149–150}}</ref><ref name="Ruether2008">{{cite book |first=Rosemary Radford |last=Ruether |title=Christianity and Social Systems: Historical Constructions and Ethical Challenges |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=OHi7FAlbe18C|page=138}} |year=2008 |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |isbn=978-0-7425-4643-1 |page=138 |quote=Neo-colonialism means that European powers and the United States no longer rule dependent territories, directly through their occupying troops and imperial bureaucracy. Rather, they control the area's resources indirectly, through business corporations and the financial lending institutions they dominate&nbsp;...}}</ref><ref name="Siddiqi2008">{{cite book |first=Yumna |last=Siddiqi |title=Anxieties of Empire and the Fiction of Intrigue |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=pVSsAgAAQBAJ|page=123}} |year=2008 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=978-0-231-13808-6 |pages=123–124}} Provides the standard definition of "Neo-colonialism" specific to the US and European colonialism.</ref><ref name="Shannon1996">{{cite book |first=Thomas R. |last=Shannon |title=An Introduction to the World-system Perspective |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=U39evXuC41kC|page=94}} |year=1996 |publisher=[[Westview Press]] |isbn=978-0-8133-2452-4 |pages=94–95 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Defines "neo-colonialism" as a capitalist phenomenon.</ref><ref name="Blanchard1996">{{cite book |first=William H. |last=Blanchard |title=Neocolonialism American Style, 1960–2000|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=d42R23Jq6SMC|page=3}} |year=1996 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |isbn=978-0-313-30013-4 |pages=3–12}} Defines "neo-colonialism" on page 7.</ref><ref name="Seton-Watson1977">{{cite book |first=Hugh |last=Seton-Watson |title=Nations and States: An Enquiry Into the Origins of Nations and the Politics of Nationalism |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=u5kOAAAAQAAJ|page=339}} |year=1977 |publisher=Methuen |isbn=978-0-416-76810-7 |page=339}} Provides the history of the word "neo-colonialism" as an anti-capitalist term (p. 339); also applicable to the U.S.S.R. (p. 322).</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |first=Edward M. |last=Bennett |title=Colonialism and Neo-colonialism |pages=285–291 |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy |editor1-first=Alexander |editor1-last=DeConde |editor2-first=Richard Dean |editor2-last=Burns |editor3-first=Fredrik |editor3-last=Logevall |edition=2nd |publisher=Simon & Schuster |year=2002 |isbn=0-684-80657-6}} Clarifies that neo-colonialism is a practice of the colonial powers, that "the Soviets practiced imperialism, not colonialism".</ref> The struggle included [[proxy war]]s, fought by client states in the decolonised countries. Cuba, the [[Warsaw Pact|Warsaw Pact bloc]], Egypt under [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] (1956–1970) ''et al.'' accused the U.S. of sponsoring anti-democratic governments whose regimes did not represent the interests of their people and of overthrowing elected governments (African, Asian, Latin American) that did not support U.S. geopolitical interests.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

In the 1960s, under the leadership of Chairman [[Mehdi Ben Barka]], the Cuban [[Organization of Solidarity with the People of Asia, Africa and Latin America|Tricontinental Conference]] (Organisation of Solidarity with the People of Asia, Africa and Latin America) recognised and supported the validity of revolutionary [[anticolonialism|anti-colonialism]] as a means for colonised peoples of the Third World to achieve self-determination, a policy which angered the U.S. and France. Moreover, Chairman Barka headed the Commission on Neocolonialism, which dealt with the work to resolve the neocolonial involvement of colonial powers in decolonised counties; and said that the U.S., as the leading capitalist country of the world, was, in practise, the principal neocolonialist political actor.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}