Editing Mustard gas (section)

==Formulations==
[[File:TestYperite4030618980 242ab5c81d b.jpg|thumb|262x262px|[[Lewisite]] (top row) and mustard gas (bottom row) test with [[concentration]]s from 0.01% to 0.06%]]
In its history, various types and mixtures of mustard gas have been employed. These include:
* '''H'''&nbsp;– Also known as '''HS''' ("Hun Stuff") or ''Levinstein mustard''. This is named after the inventor of the "quick but dirty" '''Levinstein Process''' for manufacture,<ref name="Stewart, Charles D. 2006 47">{{Cite book|author=Stewart, Charles D. |title=Weapons of mass casualties and terrorism response handbook |publisher=Jones and Bartlett |location=Boston |year=2006 |page=47 |isbn=0-7637-2425-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ZnXZfwWwgcC&q=levinstein+inventor+mustard&pg=PA46}}</ref><ref name="Federation of American Scientists">{{cite web|url=https://fas.org/programs/ssp/bio/chemweapons/production.html |title=Chemical Weapons Production and Storage |publisher=Federation of American Scientists |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811100809/http://fas.org/programs/ssp/bio/chemweapons/production.html |archive-date=August 11, 2014 }}</ref> reacting dry [[ethylene]] with [[disulfur dichloride]] under controlled conditions. Undistilled mustard gas contains 20–30% impurities, which means it does not store as well as HD. Also, as it decomposes, it increases in [[vapor pressure]], making the munition it is contained in likely to split, especially along a seam, releasing the agent to the atmosphere.<ref name="FM 3-8">FM 3–8 Chemical Reference handbook, US Army, 1967</ref>
* '''HD'''&nbsp;– Codenamed '''Pyro''' by the British, and '''Distilled Mustard''' by the US.<ref name="FM 3-8" /> [[distillation|Distilled]] mustard of 95% or higher purity. The term "mustard gas" usually refers to this variety of mustard.
* '''HT'''&nbsp;– Codenamed '''Runcol''' by the British, and '''Mustard T- mixture''' by the US.<ref name="FM 3-8" /> A mixture of 60% HD mustard and 40% [[O-mustard]], a related vesicant with lower [[freezing point]], lower [[Volatility (chemistry)|volatility]] and similar vesicant characteristics.
* '''HL'''&nbsp;– A blend of distilled mustard (HD) and [[lewisite]] (L), originally intended for use in winter conditions due to its lower freezing point compared to the pure substances. The lewisite component of HL was used as a form of [[antifreeze]].<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ershdb/EmergencyResponseCard_29750007.html The Emergency Response Safety and Health Database: Mustard-Lewisite Mixture (HL)]. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Accessed March 19, 2009.</ref>
* '''HQ'''&nbsp;– A blend of distilled mustard (HD) and sesquimustard (Q) (Gates and Moore 1946).
* '''[[Yellow Cross (chemical warfare)|Yellow Cross]]'''&nbsp;– any of several blends containing sulfur mustard.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Frescoln |first=Leonard D. |date=1918-12-07 |title=MUSTARD (YELLOW CROSS) BURNS |url=http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jama.1918.26020490013010b |journal=JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association |language=en |volume=71 |issue=23 |pages=1911 |doi=10.1001/jama.1918.26020490013010b |issn=0098-7484}}</ref> Named for the yellow cross painted on artillery shells.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Veterans at Risk: the health effects of mustard gas and Lewisite |date=1993 |publisher=National Academy Press |isbn=978-0-309-04832-3 |editor-last=Institute of Medicine (U.S.) |location=Washington, D.C |editor-last2=Pechura |editor-first2=Constance M. |editor-last3=Rall |editor-first3=David P.}}</ref>