Editing Michigan (section)

=== 20th–21st centuries ===
[[File:TamarackMiners CopperCountryMI.jpg|thumb|Miners at the [[Tamarack mine]] in [[Copper Country]], in 1905]]
[[File:Detroit Skyline 1942d.jpg|thumb|220x220px|[[Detroit]] in the mid-twentieth century. At the time, the city was the fourth-largest U.S. metropolis by population, and held about one-third of the state's population.]]

Michigan's economy underwent a transformation at the turn of the 20th century. Many individuals, including [[Ransom E. Olds]], [[John Francis Dodge|John]] and [[Horace Elgin Dodge|Horace Dodge]], [[Henry Leland]], [[David Dunbar Buick]], [[Henry Bourne Joy|Henry Joy]], [[Charles Brady King|Charles King]], and [[Henry Ford]], provided the concentration of engineering know-how and technological enthusiasm to develop the [[History of the automobile|automotive industry]].<ref>{{cite book |first1 = John B. |last1 = Rae |author-link = John B. Rae |chapter = Why Michigan |title = The Automobile and American Culture |editor1-first = David L. |editor1-last = Lewis |editor2-first = Laurence |editor2-last = Goldstein |location = Ann Arbor |publisher = University of Michigan Press |year = 1983 |pages = 2–9}}</ref> Ford's development of the moving [[assembly line]] in [[Highland Park, Michigan|Highland Park]] marked a new era in transportation.{{cn|date=February 2024}} Like the [[steamship]] and railroad, mass production of automobiles was a far-reaching development. More than the forms of public transportation, the affordable automobile transformed private life. Automobile production became the major industry of Detroit and Michigan, and permanently altered the socioeconomic life of the United States and much of the world.{{cn|date=February 2024}}

With the growth, the auto industry created jobs in Detroit that attracted immigrants from Europe and migrants from across the United States, including both blacks and whites from the rural [[Southern United States|South]].{{cn|date=February 2024}} By 1920, Detroit was the fourth-largest city in the U.S..{{cn|date=February 2024}} Residential housing was in short supply, and it took years for the market to catch up with the population boom.{{cn|date=February 2024}} By the 1930s, so many immigrants had arrived that more than 30 languages were spoken in the public schools, and [[ethnic]] communities celebrated in annual heritage festivals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A brief history of housing in Detroit |url=https://www.modeldmedia.com/features/detroit-housing-pt1-111715.aspx |access-date=June 29, 2023 |website=Model D |language=en |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629163228/https://www.modeldmedia.com/features/detroit-housing-pt1-111715.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> Over the years immigrants and migrants contributed greatly to Detroit's diverse urban culture, including popular music trends. The influential [[Motown|Motown Sound]] of the 1960s was led by a variety of individual singers and groups.{{cn|date=February 2024}}

[[Grand Rapids, Michigan|Grand Rapids]], the second-largest city in Michigan also became an important center of manufacturing. Since 1838, the city has been noted for its furniture industry.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 18, 2014 |title=A Trip Through Time: Grand Rapids Furniture History |url=https://shuffleboardmccluretables.com/a-trip-through-time-grand-rapids-furniture-history/ |access-date=June 29, 2023 |website=The Woodshop Blog |language=en-US |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629164730/https://shuffleboardmccluretables.com/a-trip-through-time-grand-rapids-furniture-history/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 2, 2023 |title=Furniture City: The story behind Grand Rapids's original identity |url=https://www.fox17online.com/fox-17-unfiltered/did-ya-know/furniture-city-the-story-behind-grand-rapidss-original-identity |access-date=June 29, 2023 |website=FOX 17 West Michigan News |language=en |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629163228/https://www.fox17online.com/fox-17-unfiltered/did-ya-know/furniture-city-the-story-behind-grand-rapidss-original-identity |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 21st century, it is home to five of the world's leading office furniture companies. Grand Rapids is home to a number of major companies including [[Steelcase]], [[Amway]], and [[Meijer]]. Grand Rapids is also an important center for [[GE Aviation Systems]].

Michigan held its first [[United States presidential primary]] election in 1910.{{cn|date=February 2024}} With its rapid growth in industry, it was an important center of industry-wide union organizing, such as the rise of the [[United Auto Workers]].{{cn|date=February 2024}}

In 1920 [[WWJ (AM)]] in Detroit became the first radio station in the United States to regularly broadcast commercial programs. Throughout that decade, some of the country's largest and most ornate [[List of tallest buildings in Detroit|skyscrapers]] were built in the city. Particularly noteworthy are the [[Fisher Building]], [[Cadillac Place]], and the [[Guardian Building]], each of which has been designated as a [[National Historic Landmark]] (NHL).
[[File:3c Michigan Centenary state seal, 1935 issue.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Commemorative stamp, issue of 1935, celebrating the 100th anniversary of Michigan statehood.<ref name=centennial/>]]

In 1927 a school bombing took place in [[Clinton County, Michigan|Clinton County]]. The [[Bath School disaster]] resulted in the deaths of 38 schoolchildren and constitutes the deadliest mass murder in a school in U.S. history.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haddad |first=Ken |date=May 18, 2023 |title=96 years later: Michigan's Bath School disaster remains deadliest in US history |url=https://www.clickondetroit.com/features/2023/05/16/96-years-later-michigans-bath-school-disaster-remains-deadliest-in-us-history/ |access-date=June 29, 2023 |website=WDIV |language=en |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629163228/https://www.clickondetroit.com/features/2023/05/16/96-years-later-michigans-bath-school-disaster-remains-deadliest-in-us-history/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Michigan converted much of its manufacturing to satisfy defense needs during [[World War II]]; it manufactured 10.9% of the United States military armaments produced during the war, ranking second (behind [[New York (state)|New York]]) among the 48 states.<ref>{{cite book |author1-link = Whiz Kids (Department of Defense) |last1 = Peck |first1 = Merton J. |author2-link = Frederic M. Scherer |last2 = Scherer |first2 = Frederic M. |title = The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis |year = 1962 |publisher = [[Harvard Business School]] |page = 111}}</ref>

Detroit continued to expand through the 1950s, at one point doubling its population in a decade. After World War II, housing was developed in suburban areas outside city cores to meet demand for residences. The federal government subsidized the construction of [[Interstate Highway System|interstate highways]], which were intended to strengthen military access, but also allowed commuters and business traffic to travel the region more easily. Since 1960, modern advances in the auto industry have led to increased automation, high-tech industry, and increased suburban growth. Longstanding tensions in Detroit culminated in the [[1967 Detroit riot|Twelfth Street riot]] in July 1967.

During the late 1970s and the early 1980s, increasing [[Gasoline and diesel usage and pricing|fuel costs]] and other factors made significantly more global competition and recession among families. Michigan lost a significant amount of [[population]] due to global competition and the dramatic unavailability of manufacturing jobs.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/publications/manual/2001-2002/2001-mm-0003-0026-History.pdf |title=A Brief History of Michigan |publisher=Michigan Legislature |access-date=November 15, 2024}}</ref> Meanwhile, Michigan had increased use of technology, specifically when the [[IBM Personal Computer]] started selling in the state, in which became mostly used at work.

Michigan became the leading auto-producing state in the U.S., with the industry primarily located throughout the [[Midwestern United States]]; Ontario, Canada; and the Southern United States.<ref name="NAM">{{cite web |publisher = National Association of Manufacturers |date = February 2008 |url = http://www.nam.org/~/media/Files/State_Data/Michigan.ashx |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081023020928/http://www.nam.org/~/media/Files/State_Data/Michigan.ashx |url-status = dead |archive-date = October 23, 2008 |title = Facts about Michigan Manufacturing |access-date = January 11, 2009}}</ref> With almost ten million residents in 2010, Michigan is a large and influential state, ranking tenth in population among the fifty states. Detroit is the centrally located metropolitan area of the [[Great Lakes megalopolis]] and the second-largest metropolitan area in the U.S. (after [[Chicago]]) linking the [[Great Lakes]] system.

The [[Metro Detroit]] area in [[Southeast Michigan]] is the state's largest metropolitan area (roughly 50% of the population resides there) and the eleventh largest in the United States. The [[Grand Rapids metropolitan area]] in Western Michigan is the state's fastest-growing metro area, with more than 1.3 million residents {{as of|2006|lc=y}}.