Editing Metrication (section)

===Italy (1797–1870)===
[[File:Vicopisano-misure antiche.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|Tablet showing conversions of legacy units of weights and measures to metric units, [[Vicopisano]], [[Tuscany]]]]
The [[Cisalpine Republic]], a North Italian republic set up by Napoleon in 1797 with its capital at [[Milan]], first adopted a modified form of the metric system based on the ''braccio cisalpino'' (Cisalpine cubit) which was defined to be half a metre.<ref name="metricItaly">{{cite web
|url = http://www.2iceshs.cyfronet.pl/2ICESHS_Proceedings/Chapter_16/R-8_Borgato.pdf
|title = The first applications of the metric system in Italy
|author = Maria Teresa Borgato
|work = The Global and the Local:The History of Science and the Cultural Integration of Europe. Proceedings of the 2nd ICESHS
|location = Cracow, Poland
|date = 6–9 September 2006
|publisher = The Press of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences
|access-date = 17 March 2011
|archive-date = 6 November 2020
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201106070022/http://www.2iceshs.cyfronet.pl/2ICESHS_Proceedings/Chapter_16/R-8_Borgato.pdf
|url-status = dead
}}</ref> In 1802 the Cisalpine Republic was renamed the [[Italian Republic (Napoleonic)|Italian Republic]], with Napoleon as its head of state. The following year the Cisalpine system of measure was replaced by the metric system.<ref name = metricItaly/>

In 1806, the Italian Republic was replaced by the [[Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)|Kingdom of Italy]] with Napoleon as its emperor. By 1812, all of Italy from Rome northwards was under the control of Napoleon, either as French Departments or as part of the Kingdom of Italy, ensuring that the metric system was in use throughout this region.

After the [[Congress of Vienna]], the various Italian states reverted to their original systems of measurements, but in 1845 the [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Piedmont and Sardinia]] passed legislation to introduce the metric system within five years. By 1860, most of Italy had been unified under the King of Sardinia [[Victor Emmanuel II]]; and under ''Law 132 of 28 July 1861'' the metric system became the official system of measurement throughout the kingdom. Numerous ''Tavole di ragguaglio'' (conversion tables) were displayed in shops until 31 December 1870.<ref name = metricItaly/>